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Metallurgy Notes

Metals

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33 views26 pages

Metallurgy Notes

Metals

Uploaded by

gowda0332
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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METAMUREY element at Fe en Nome of mine, Comndurr Dlaspore Baligdi te. gery! Felelspay MiL Cyolite Hagrnadite. netite chvorrite Lirvenite Stop vita Sidevite Cupyi te Ouby copper) Malachite Azurite. Chaleopyn tes Copper. qe nee. Zinci be ding blonde Cophaleri te) falamine ys te formu Alga | Allaos. Had lady hb 3be0 Al, Og: sida Ka. Alda &si02. Ko0. 2 Aida: 6510, ehhh Na Ale Feyty Fe Oy Feo. Crab, Fexdy- a tad Fes, Feeds feta reeutdy: Coc lode 2(utd, Calo Hr CuFeS, (0%) Cun § Fess CUy§ ae ens an Cb, cinne bey Pos Galera PbO, cevussi te ee Prgermite das cstver glare) Hom si lvey Age! sh Tinstoné nb Ceasitevtte) TT Rutile Tide ua & General principles and processes of juolabion of metals: ‘ Flewertr Mefals jy fe Aorernetalt Meinllsids Mal leable. fa ks "Non fustvoud Thane. chavactexs duct le. « brittle of metals and fudtruns solids thongnductrg om met good cernduchrs Orta 1Py ssc. | AS Sb: Source of Meta in eavth cut sl compared tail (Element) Minevels * Less veac tive “Hove veattive "Noble Metals metals Pee AfAusca sal oxides, sulphides cavipnatec> silt cxtes. | + Na, My, GH, ky Alm 1S mance abundhitt metal in earth crust ts oo aA Of Om F Oud ap abundance of metal Al SFe>G@> Nad k >My >T * Order of akundante af element in. eatth craks O> si S Ald Fe >> Nad koiags ty > Ty + Minerals of Als ave of Al AlgOa Aldy: 420 5. Andy. 24a Ab Os 2H 6 ‘ Rauxite Nas AlF; convient for extactoinof Al | @conomitally F Gargue [Matric : ‘Tmpne partic. prent inthe ove + Phog The substance added ty the éve 12 vemove gangue aA slag ty decrenic. MP af ove Pavers, Aluse acidic Rasic S10 Aor Cao 203 (Hse0,) Feo s Acidic. fluc wed to verwve Basic inrypueri tea Sl0g + FeO = Fesidy fi angue sla aca we 4 slag i4 the easily fusable ray Scan + Prt — 5 cay CPouhe Flux gangue sl basic “agtd q nye af AliO, (Aluminum) ave called gern stones. by qems Cy im purity ~ apphane oo § Co Invpuvity # Ectacton Metall Goce me: Stepsi ® crashing and grinding Of ove & Gone of ove! Rermmal of inmpunitid, @ Prblivatrany treatement of Contertyated! ove G@ Reduction of ove to crude meth 6) Refining of Crude metal. Heontut axed cee dresirg: Rernoval af impuvitie from Ausdeved ove Hard pic © Gravity seperation Ofioth flaxtation @ Flechornagretic. Froth Sia bilisens: esol | vaniline © Collectvs 1 ares “ethy| xantlats Fathy acids They ave adsorbed. by ‘ave Particle Sas ove. Getome. Wn woet. cofth vadlin rove prticla which ave. inset eolth ual due to adsorption of ofl 1 flocth crvane’ fth ove the sunface : * Tefline. Getic lee cohich get wet totth wath ave setted at the Qattom of the tank * De preccank | Activa toa: Of the ove has. mixture of sulphides - &%: (znc+ Phd then depresiarde Ike MCN i added. zns ig soluble in Nacint0 fxm a fermpler nr (ontewy but PhS conmit: UNaCAH ZnS —> Nas (2p Condy) +Nars + Pls (instil) SOS ALS Nan is depresent for zs. not for PbS LpNatN tans —9 Naz_lantcwyd) Nas : Riociples Ether oe or qengue Perticles mut have magnen be haviowy . Ex gHaematite Cet ove doug Impuritied sign nuagnetic Ron magnetic @ assilivite (sn) ove. having twolfranite rent 4.004 imputy magnetic * These. ave phic mitthods. | ae Chernical Mtthod > chennical ave uiea These Chemitalg ave called beachirng agent (1A) Acida _ ameherie ; CA can disivt. elther ove (oxi gangut. Bou the Alloy 2p: 0- 0g Amphitevic BWarificalin bustle oct Geajed proce, eyhere, Lub= Nabe % nko H i Gade, AbLY € sida ave solible m Muao#. ke: Alay is amphytereric. , sip. i acidic. and gives Sodium meb aluminate MeAl0. | na (Ara a Sodiyrn silicic Nar SiOa, ¢ Tio ave ‘remains jrbluble in. and tmpurittes fe203 nowt Ren: eax) TOs) We Gale Bauxile ore Naot, Sod mee alumindle + e040) Alito ASK Sod. Sitealf Cove), tr, oy Tbnesion) dite Batyeu : A) 2 Pee Pretvadla gelaction a S Aas * . hy , be Atti “solr. Meladluinab. a . ggdlum: 4) hate see al peleatin, altel Aiur : palate sili pet (or. Ala x HO foox goin, Arlt FKL Pure Reac tuna Alrb, +2natl rah WEE sewolAlloyua) : Fesds, Th, sodium Met luni hale Waar tod) 7a pty + NaLHeOs Naat, 2 Alloys SAK Aieds +a thd Rene plurming:* ws Pe aachirag of silver and qild overs GAs Naw LRN ‘ - Chat Avtua and foreck’ cyanide process) YM te naewe aide, —> Yn Co Condy) + wage * Mov one 4A 4+ 8 N@CNY 9 Ha +0, ——? Aa (Af ena) *UNabH - ah Case Of ay 16 Cargenti te) Agr + YAQCN = rt (ag low] Mass — Naas tthe A. —92Nay soy # UNaOH Fas tr avila yevene, reac hin excals af atv if Patsed + Ag g Pu reetalk can be Ghiatned fonr Comp ee Oly clechalytic. methscl | © by ditplace ment mched ‘with RA Lue Epmekly tx 2h) i) Lng lattenye an ——> Wax (zn Cow] 2m anis beHer RA than! i P etmiony tedment af cee inhodle ares oxide —s tc canty goerveducabe fom i . ft # caldnation; Heating te ave In exbsenie ef aiv beenall arowarh OF aly used for hyde oxides cavbo nal ‘Bicarbonate “Te vere. volatile impanities wales Fenda Kid 25 Fada + Ho ® calos x Cimefitone” COQ Oye Malta cald, Magar Cad 42.003 Dalgnite Midby ~——B_-s figs gcge rn acite Meee Fe cds Pus Feo COL gidevite 2ntd, ——2. zho+(o, + calariine ' os Roasting ; Heatiry the-uve-in agatr, below ie uP wed fr Sulphide 2%. = ech fos Sulphde ove cUlaide “ove ~—=—y suide 6 Fnnabat we, —s pe hy * Ufeta + W027? 2 Feds 48 Sedpyvites peuns + 30 —— 2.0 + er Coney glow Io vemve volatile. impaits Th vernue élemenb like P—y Rio § —340, Ae > Alaa oh Rely oxi Tp make the ove. por ow. Hq BS0L ranting Proitts is ale canted atin Reve lovity ‘fod Hesrmelting! The extraction af- metals form tbs oxtde ove. by heating with flux a reducing agent «This ts @wied out in blast furnace 1 * Flax gangue — lag. non-fusable fusable ave t+ flurp &A—> Molten Metal Reduction of racial sulde fo Gude metal © chemical reduction (@)sel ve.dut ton &) Flechalyfe aedut-tion chemical Receton’ ei wing RA Hu co c oy ‘al Bx: uit He WO, ih > W'+3 Hed MeQy #3Hy, —o-Mot 3 Hot FeoGa + 3Hy _ ast +3Na6 with Golte: Curg to —S8cu +0 zo tC > 2ner0 Sn0y, 26 HG 42D Fo04 +36 2 taco with co + FeO, 0) ——p af +30 FesOutt) —>3Fe + ¥eba NEFNCD my yi thee ‘Gey we . 41g, a, Ale &A aMgr Telly 2 2Mg Cb T Co. + N,0¢ —+Cao +V nung 2214 Fes > Be Abdat Heat fami 2A aby —> aev+Al.oa+ Heat ackding : t Digeete LRAT? 3MO30y —> IMA Yao + Hea’ Kelp reduton, coy Aco vedultioos rey, 2 ID Bund 280 ating, Flux —> 4h ASO 472 Ee LE ~> 2Phs +30, —? 2Pbd + 25h. Pbs +2Pb) —> 3Pb+ SO + aHgs +L, —> 2iqot2soL. ge 4246 atas soy |* Pectmli xeductions clet tohpis of molten sale of im ten, | NaCl” ameve ER metal like Nar mgr Al fuel | BGC Be extha.cled by flee boligtic Al.Os reduction. ctl — metal at coctude Molten Mac] ——» Nat +cr ih Bil atagthde MY Brode math fune Abd, - high we Poor Gn ustuvaf elecbicity EH ke MP of Alby + COAL ik oobled % ne lonductivity + pag ag is ackted é cleo fe! Aloo, + CaF W NAHE; Bhumina —fluorspa eye aes fall Pal fared Bass At cethyde ay ae Al tarde: 6 $e 400,00. # Thermo inamic principles in ractalungy “ = AH+(-TAS) eve) aves Spork AWD TAS @ A-—sg AGH + Bc oe 64-37 AG = was eT ey ky | ‘ 4 . keg! sent Eye) keg =! fquili 9 Re glumabarn Syagrams Abts of Araya VA7T . os Of ALamyo tos ug OR2? Doe Mig Prag? tld” Ave, (eve) Lene) Abs (ve) (Sy ans eau) ( ? (ve (ve) AG= tvel: y AR > TAs (high ini AG Qvel af OW TAs ‘ + saep an © T2/O8) > Highk™ 2Mxh +s 9am +, uw, sperlanfoy #€As tempme, Tact z BG value T (become tags negative) AB \altic 14 agsumedias Conant FH ow Patitedlns damp Say =0- af a - TAS Above Ty, as = Gved Noe the onide festa ungla bie J clecompese an TLS BoPL 2hxd KM + All | qrapha axe. lineas coith GWE Slope but Lahen Change 1 Phase occurs aba particulay temp, te slope, amoued Aswards Cv) side: Rea; Due b charge Mele: enrtaapy suddenly meveasss. solid) liquid \ cave shifts boand febib (ees waher lope of f + Thig ay > 2h) "-znyp) ae zg) ay rook MK spit stode aig. Mg) oceund _{100) + for Sigh Orgy a y) att Ag vale yernzins cong taunt for Gey t 5 On ys —> C0 gD oT asy Lecornes move ve). Ta slope it . (ave)

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