Sample Bishesh
Sample Bishesh
on
Submitted By:
Bishesh Sambahamphe
Submitted To:
It is a great pleasure to have the opportunity to extend my heartfelt gratitude to everyone who
helped me throughout this project. We are profoundly grateful to our supervisor, Mr. Manoj
Giri, for his expert guidance, continuous encouragement and ever willingness to spare time
from his otherwise busy schedule for the project’s progress. His continuous inspiration has
made us complete this project and achieve its target.
I would also like to express my deepest appreciation sir, for his constant motivation, support
and for providing a suitable working environment.
I sincerely acknowledge direct and indirect help, suggestions and feedback offered by our
colleagues before, during and after the development and implementation of this project.
Finally, special thanks go to all of my Friends who kindly extend their hands in making this
project work a success.
II
ABSTRACT
This project aims to develop a comprehensive hotel booking website for "The Star Hotel,"
providing a seamless and user-friendly experience for both guests and administrators. The
website will function as a digital gateway for potential customers to explore and book rooms,
offering detailed descriptions, images, and amenities. Guests will have the option to book
rooms with or without logging in. Logged-in users will benefit from having their credentials
automatically retrieved from the database. Additionally, the website will feature a newsletter
subscription field, where guest emails will be sent to the admin for personalized news and
promotions.
The admin panel will empower administrators to update room details, manage bookings, and
handle user data efficiently. Admins can modify room offerings, update website content to
reflect the hotel's latest services, and review booking records. Moreover, administrators will
have the ability to approve or reject bookings and manage any booked services. This platform
will streamline hotel operations, enhance user experience, and ensure a smooth workflow for
both guests and hotel staff.
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................................i
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................ii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Introduction........................................................................................................................
1.2 Objectives.........................................................................................................................................
1.4 Scope.................................................................................................................................................
4
3.2 Data Flow Diagram(DFD).............................................................................................................
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................31
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
5
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Introduction
This project aims to develop a comprehensive hotel booking website for “ The star hotel ”
that offers a seamless and user-friendly experience for guests and admin. The website will
serve as a digital gateway for potential customers to explore and book rooms, as well as a
robust platform for managing bookings and user details.
Guests will be able to browse through a selection of rooms, each with detailed descriptions,
images, and amenities. The guests can book the rooms with and without login in the website.
Those who are logged in don’t have to enter their credentials as it will be retrieved from the
database. In addition the website will also contain a field for subscribing to the newsletter
field which will pass the email to the admin which will be further used to send personalized
news and promotions by the admin manually.
Administrators will have the ability to update room details, change website elements, and
ensure that the online content reflects the latest offerings of the hotel. The admin panel will
also provide tools to review booking records and manage user details. The admin can add,
edit the rooms details that will be reflected in the main page. And the admin can also manage
the booked services meaning they can approve and reject the bookings.
6
1.2 Objectives
To create an engaging digital presence for The Star Hotel by developing a visually
appealing and user-friendly website.
To streamline the room booking process by making reservations easily using their
credentials.
To enhance user experience with a responsive design .
To develop a robust admin panel that enables hotel staff to efficiently manage
website content, including room details and availability, as well as monitor and
manage user bookings and information.
To support efficient hotel operations .
To enable future scalability by designing the website architecture to accommodate
the addition of features such as a payment gateway, user reviews, and integration
with external booking platforms.
7
1.3 Problem statement
The inspiration for this project arose from observing the websites of various companies and
recognizing that many hotels and guesthouses lack a proper management system in most
areas. To address these challenges, the decision was made to develop a hotel reservation and
booking website. This platform aims to assist users in making online reservations while
helping businesses maintain organized records of their customers and transactions effectively.
Traditional methods of manually recording information in journals are not only inefficient
but also raise concerns about security and accuracy. Additionally, establishing an online
presence can significantly enhance a company's ability to interact with its customers.
Once fully developed and integrated, this project will be ideally suited to help small
businesses manage their operations more efficiently and effectively.
8
1.4 Scope
amenities listed.
o Enable a booking system where users can select rooms and make reservations
using their login credentials.
o Provide tools within the admin panel to monitor and manage guest bookings
and track occupancy rates.
o Ensure that all updates made via the admin panel are reflected in real-time on
the user-facing website.
9
1.4.5 Data Security:
o Implement security measures to protect user data, including encrypted storage
o Ensure compliance with data protection regulations to maintain user trust and
data privacy.
1.5 Limitations
The project, while designed to provide an efficient and user-friendly hotel booking platform,
comes with certain limitations in its initial version. These limitations primarily revolve
around the absence of advanced functionalities and features that could enhance the user
experience and operational efficiency.
o The initial version of the website will not include an integrated payment
gateway, which means users will not be able to complete financial transactions
or pay for their bookings directly through the website.
3. Scalability:
10
4. Booking Confirmation Process:
11
CHAPTER 2: REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
The functional requirements define the core capabilities and features that the hotel booking
system must provide to meet the needs of users and administrators. These requirements
ensure that the system facilitates seamless user interactions, supports room booking and
management processes, and integrates essential functionalities such as payment processing
and administrative controls. Each requirement is designed to enhance the overall user
experience while maintaining efficiency, reliability, and scalability in daily operations. The
following are the detailed functional requirements for the system.
o Users will be able to browse through a list of available rooms on the website.
Each room will have a detailed page displaying information such as images,
descriptions, room types, and pricing.
3. Room Booking
o The system will enable users to select a room and specify the start and end
dates for their stay. Before confirming a booking, the system will check room
availability to prevent double booking. Once a room is selected, users will
provide their personal details (name, email, phone number) to complete the
12
booking process. After successful booking, the system will store the booking
details in the database and display a confirmation message to the user.
4. Booking Management
o Users will have the ability to view their booking history. They will also have
the option to cancel a booking before the start date if needed. For
administrators, the system will provide a dashboard to view all bookings,
along with their statuses.
o After booking a room, users will be redirected to the eSewa payment gateway
for payment processing. The system will update the booking status to
"Approved" upon successful payment. Administrators will also have the
capability to view payment statuses for each booking through the admin panel.
6. Admin Panel
o The system will include an admin panel that allows administrators to log in
and manage various aspects of the website. This includes the ability to add,
update, and delete room details. Administrators will also be able to manage
user information and bookings, as well as view payment details and booking
statuses.
1. Performance
13
2. Security
o To protect user data, the system will utilize HTTPS to encrypt all data
transmitted between the client and server. User passwords will be stored using
a strong hashing algorithm. The system will also implement input validation
to prevent security vulnerabilities such as SQL injection and cross-site
scripting (XSS) attacks.
3. Usability
4. Reliability
o The system will be designed for high reliability, with an availability target of
99.9% uptime, excluding scheduled maintenance periods. Additionally, the
system will ensure that booking data is securely saved and not lost, even in the
event of unexpected failures.
5. Scalability
6. Compatibility
o The website will be compatible with all major web browsers, including
Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. It will also be designed to be responsive,
providing a seamless experience across both desktop and mobile devices.
14
7. Maintainability
o The system will comply with relevant data protection regulations, such as the
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), to ensure that user data is
handled appropriately. The website will also provide users with clear terms of
service and a privacy policy to outline how their data will be used.
In Fig. 1, the use case diagram illustrates the primary functionalities of a hotel booking
system, showing interactions between the User (Guest) and Administrator with the system.
3. Viewing Rooms: Enables users to browse available rooms and their details.
15
1. Add/Update Rooms: Administrators can add new rooms or modify existing details.
3. Update Website Elements: Enables updating content and maintaining the site's
functionality.
The diagram uses "include" relationships to show dependencies, such as requiring login for
secure access to certain functionalities. It provides a concise representation of the system's
core features for both users and administrators.
16
Fig.1 Use Case Diagram
17
2.2 Feasibility Analysis
The goal of a feasibility analysis is to establish whether or not a project is technically, legally,
and financially feasible before moving any further, which helps in identifying any potential
risks and problems early on.
1. Technology Stack:
o Frontend: The website will use standard web technologies such as HTML,
CSS, JavaScript, and potentially frameworks like Bootstrap or React for
responsive design.
o Database: MySQL will store user data, booking details, room availability, etc.
Laravel’s Eloquent ORM simplifies database operations.
3. Scalability:
o The system can be deployed on cloud platforms like AWS or DigitalOcean for
better scalability and performance.
18
2.2.2 Operational Feasibility for Hotel Booking Website:
1. Ease of Use:
o Guests will be able to browse rooms, check availability, and book easily, while
admins can manage rooms, bookings, and users effectively.
2. User Training:
o Guests and registered users will not require special training as the website will
have a user-friendly interface.
o Regular maintenance will be needed to keep the system secure and up-to-date,
especially regarding room availability and user data.
o If the hotel uses any third-party systems for room or booking management,
these will need to be integrated into the website’s backend.
19
2.2.3 Economic Feasibility for Hotel Booking Website:
1. Development Costs:
The entire project has been developed using open-source software, including Laravel,
MySQL, and free code editors such as Visual Studio Code. Since these tools do not
require licensing fees, the development costs are significantly reduced. However,
hosting the website on a server incurs an ongoing cost, which can range from $5 to
$50 per month. Additionally, registering a domain name typically costs between $10
and $20 per year. While this is a recurring expense, it remains relatively affordable.
2. Operational Costs:
Although the project has been completed, ongoing maintenance will be essential to
manage security updates, perform regular backups, and address potential bug fixes. If
the website is integrated with a payment gateway like eSewa, there may also be
transaction fees associated with processing payments. These fees are typically a small
percentage of each transaction.
3. Revenue Generation:
The website can generate revenue through booking fees or commissions. For
instance, if the hotel charges a booking fee or takes a percentage of the room price as
a service fee, this could directly contribute to revenue.
Given that the project has been developed, the initial investment primarily involved
time rather than significant financial resources. As a result, the financial outlay is
relatively low, allowing the project to potentially break even quickly if the website
generates a consistent flow of bookings. Furthermore, profitability can be
significantly increased by adding more features or integrating advanced technologies
in the future.
20
2.3.4 Schedule Feasibility for Hotel Booking Website:
The project was successfully completed within the scheduled period. Adhering to a
well-defined timeline and project plan, we managed to accomplish all the
development milestones on time. This adherence to schedule feasibility ensured that
the project met its deadlines, delivering the intended functionalities and features
within the expected timeframe. The timely completion of the project demonstrates
effective project management and coordination, contributing to the overall success of
the initiative. Following are the gantt chart for our project.
21
CHAPTER 3: SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 Er Diagram
Fig.2 ER diagram
In fig 2, the Er diagram represents the core components of the hotel booking system for my
project, covering users, rooms, bookings, and admin roles. Here's a detailed breakdown:
22
User Entity:
This entity represents the guests or customers who will interact with the system.
Attributes include:
role: Defines the user's role in the system (either as a guest or admin).
Admin Entity:
The Admin entity handles the management aspect of the system. Admins have higher
privileges to manage room listings and monitor bookings.
Attributes include:
23
Rooms Entity:
This entity stores details about the rooms available for booking at the hotel.
Attributes include:
Room_title: The title or name of the room (e.g., Deluxe Room, Super Deluxe Room).
Des: Short for "description," this provides details about the room's features and amenities.
Room_type: The type or category of the room (e.g., single, double, suite).
Booking Entity:
Attributes include:
status: The current status of the booking (e.g., confirmed, pending, canceled).
24
3.2 Data Flow Diagram(DFD)
25
Fig.5 Level 2 DFD
26
CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
The system has been implemented using the following technologies: MySQL is for creating
database, HTML and CSS for designing and styling the interfaces, Laravel for creating
communication between client and server. Visual Studio Code has been used as the code
editor for the system.
Tools Used
For the E-commerce website, the following technologies have been used:
Database: MySQL
Implementation details of CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations typically involve
developing modules for each functionality. Below are the key steps and considerations for
implementing CRUD operations.
1. Login Page
The login form is made using HTML, CSS, and PHP. To log in, users must first register on
the platform. Once registered, they can use this page to enter their credentials and access
their accounts. This ensures that only authenticated users can access personalized features
and secure areas of the site, enhancing security and user management.
27
2. Add Rooms
This add rooms page is created by utilizing HTML, CSS, and PHP, that allows the admin to
add rooms to the inventory. The admin can input various details such as room name,
category, price, description, and upload images. This functionality ensures that the webpage
is continually updated with new rooms, maintaining the site's relevance and appeal to
customers.
3. Edit Room
The edit room page on our website is made using HTML, CSS, and PHP, it creates a form
that allows the admin to edit the details of existing rooms. This functionality is crucial for
managing the rooms enabling the admin to update room information such as price,
description, and availability status. It ensures that the room data remains accurate and up-to-
date, reflecting real-time changes in availability and other attributes.
4. Delete Room
The delete room page can be accessible only by the admin. Using HTML, CSS, and PHP, it
implemented a functionality that allows the admin to remove rooms from the inventory. This
feature is essential for maintaining the quality and accuracy of the room listings by removing
items that are no longer available or relevant. Restricting access to this page to admins
ensures that room deletions are managed securely and appropriately.
Unit testing is a software testing method that focuses on verifying the correctness of
individual units or components of a system. A unit refers to the smallest testable part of an
application, typically a single function, method, or class. The goal of unit testing is to isolate
28
and test these units in isolation to ensure they work as intended and produce the expected
output for a given set of inputs.
ii) TC-02 User Email: 1. Click on the Login form The user pass
login j16162933 login is can
@gmail.co button displayed.
login to
m
2. Enter the User is
the
Password: valid login logged in
system
123456
credentials successfull
y.
29
iii TC-03 Rooms Navigate Rooms are The user pass
) browsi the Rooms displayed can
ng and page. with a list view
selecti of available rooms
Browse
on rooms. and
through rooms
Rooms
the details.
details are
Rooms displayed
options.
30
Enter the Admin is
valid login logged in
credentials successfully
system.
4.Remove Room is
a rooms removed from
from the page
menu
31
4.3.3 System Testing
i) TC- User login Email: User signup User can User is Pass
01 and j16162933 with username, fill form successful
registratio @gmail.co email, and ly Login.
to
n m password, it
signup,
gets saved to
Password:1 fill sign
database, the
23456 in form
user now signs
and sign
in with the
in to
same
dashboar
credential. d.
requirements.
32
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND LESSION LEARNED
5.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, the objectives for The Star Hotel's digital platform are focused on delivering a
seamless and engaging user experience while enhancing operational efficiency. The website
will provide users with an intuitive interface for browsing and booking rooms, supported by
responsive design for accessibility across devices. The admin panel will empower hotel staff
to manage content, bookings, and user data effectively. Furthermore, the scalable architecture
will enable the integration of advanced features, such as payment gateways and external
platform connections, ensuring the site remains adaptable to future needs and technological
advancements.
In the future, the Hotel booking system should aim to provide a seamless and convenient
experience for customers. Here are some recommendations to enhance the system:
33
REFERENCES
34