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Ports and Its Types Assignment

assignment on ports and its types

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77 views5 pages

Ports and Its Types Assignment

assignment on ports and its types

Uploaded by

mrbossff207
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ports and Its Types in Computer:-

Ports:-
In computer systems, ports are interfaces or points of interaction between the computer and
other devices or networks.

Ports are essential for communication and data exchange, whether within the internal
components of a computer or between external devices and the computer. This assignment
explores the concept of ports in computers, their different types, and their significance in
various contexts.

 Types of Ports in Computers


THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF PORTS IN COMPUTER.
1. PHYSICAL PORTS
2. LOGICAL PORTS

1. Physical Ports
Physical ports refers to tangible connection interfaces found on computer hardware. These
ports are used for connecting peripherals such as keyboards, mouse, printers, and external
drives.

 Following are some common types of physical ports.

i. Serial ports:
 Serial ports are oldest ports.
 Transmits 1 bit at time.
 It is 9 pin port used to connect mouse and external modem etc, on older computers.
 Not typically found on modern computers.
 It’s often called as com ports (com1,com2 ETC).
 It has been mostly replaced by USB ports.
 Data transfer over a serial port at 115 kbps.

ii. Parallel ports:


 Transmits many bits at a time that’s why it’s called as parallel port.
 Also called as LPT Ports (LPT1, LPT2 ETC).
 It is a 25 pin port used to connect printers, scanners ETC, on older computers.
 Not typically found on modern computers.
 This older port has been replaced by USB port.
 The speed of parallel port is 120 mbps.

iii. PS/2 PORT:


 Developed by IBM.
 Round 6 pin port used to connect keyboard and mouse on older computers.
 The purple port for the keyboard and the green port is for the mouse.

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 Many newer computers use USB ports for keyboard and mouse rather than older
ps/2 ports.

iv. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Ports:


 Most common type of port.
 Replaced serial ports , parallel ports ,PS/2 ports and power chargers for portable
devices.
 Connect a variety of devices to the computers ,including;
 Flash drive
 External hard disk
 Keyboard
 Scanner
 Printer
 Digital camera ETC.
 Through USB port you can connect up to 127 peripheral devices but those 127 devices
have to share that speed.
 Several USB versions have been released.
 USB1.0 and 1.1 were released between 1996 and 1998 with a speed range from 1.5
mbps up to 12 mbps.
 In 2002, USB2.0 support data transfer rate of 480 mbps between the computer and
peripheral devices.
 In 2008, USB 3.0 supports data transfer rate of 5Gbps.
 USB port supports hot swapping (ability to connect and disconnect devices without
shutting down the computer).
 USB port support (PNP) plug and play (allows computers to automatically detect the
device when you plug it in).

v. Fire wire port:


 Fire wire is also known as IEEE 1394

 Originally released by apple in 1995


 Until USB 2.0, the fire wire port was the fastest port available
 Support plug-n-plug and hot swappable
 Fire has largely been replaced by USB and the newer thunderbolt technology
 Used for high speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorder .

vi. HDMI(high definition media interface) port:


 Used for high definition TV, BLU RAY PLAYER, HIGH DEFINITION CAMERAS or
GAMING CONSOLE
 The HDMI connector consist of 19 pins
 HDMI 2.0 can carry digital video signal up to a resolution of 4096*2160
 Mobile devices typically use a mini-HDMI

vii. Modem port:


 Use to connect a modem to a telephone line
 RJ11 is the technical term for the port

viii. Ethernet port:


 Used to connect to a network. known as RJ45
 It is larger than a modem port.
ix. Audio port:
 Used to input and output audio from the computer
 Three mini jack ports but there may be more;
 Light blue__ line in (connect external devices)
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 port Lime______ connect the speaker to this port
 Pink______ connect a microphone to this .

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1. Network(logical) port:-

A network port is a logical communication endpoint used by computers and network


devices to distinguish different types of traffic and services. Each port is associated with
an IP address and a specific protocol, enabling devices and software to exchange data
efficiently.

Concepts:
a. Definition of Network Ports: A network port is a virtual doorway through
which data enters or leaves a device in a network.

b.Port Numbers:
i. Range: 0 to 65535.
ii. Categories:
1. Well-known ports (0–1023): Reserved for standard services (e.g.,
HTTP: port 80, HTTPS: port 443).
2. Registered ports (1024–49151): Assigned to specific applications.
3. Dynamic/private ports (49152–65535): Used temporarily for client-side
connections.

c. Purpose of Ports: Ports help differentiate traffic meant for different services or
applications running on the same device. For instance:
i. Port 80 handles web traffic (HTTP).
ii. Port 22 is used for secure shell connections (SSH).

d.How Ports Work:


i. Devices send data to a specific IP address and port number.
ii. Servers listen on these ports for incoming requests.
iii. Communication is facilitated by protocols like TCP or UDP.

e.Types of Protocols:
i. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):
1. Reliable and connection-oriented.
2. Used in applications requiring data integrity, such as web browsing or email.
ii. UDP (User Datagram Protocol):
1. Lightweight and connectionless.
2. Used for real-time applications, such as gaming or video streaming.
f. Commonly Used Ports:
Service/Protocol Port Number Protocol
HTTP 80 TCP
HTTPS 443 TCP
FTP 21 TCP
DNS 53 UDP/TCP
SSH 22 TCP
SMTP 25 TCP

g.Port Security:
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i. Open ports can be a security risk if not properly managed.
ii. Firewalls and intrusion detection systems can restrict access.
iii. Unused ports should be closed to reduce vulnerabilities.

 Practical Example:
 when a user access a website;
 The browser sends a request to the servers IP address on port 80(HTTP) or 443(HTTPS).
 The server listens on the requested port and responds with the webpage data.
 The browser displays the received information to the user.

Submited to: MRS MAHNOOR


Submited by: KASHIF ULLAH KHAN
ROLL NO: 207
CS 1ST SEMETER.

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