NETWORKING

1. What is the primary function of an IP address in a network?

A)To provide a unique identifier for a computer

B)To encrypt data during transmission
C)To manage network traffic
D)To store user data

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of IPv4 addresses?

A)They are 128 bits long

B)They are represented in hexadecimal format
C)They can support an infinite number of addresses
D)They are 32 bits long

3. What is the main advantage of using networks for data backup?

A)It increases the speed of data processing

B)It allows for remote access to programs and databases
C)It eliminates the need for data encryption
D)It reduces the number of devices needed

4. Which class in Java is used to read and write data to a specified URL?

A)InetAddress
B)URLConnection
C)Socket
D)DatagramSocket
5. What does the term "port" refer to in computer networking?

A)A type of network protocol

B)A communication endpoint
C)A method of data encryption
D)A type of IP address

6. How many header fields does an IPv6 packet contain?

A)12
B)8
C)16
D)4

7. Which of the following statements is true regarding the checksum field in IPv4 and IPv6?

A)Both IPv4 and IPv6 have a checksum field

B)Only IPv4 has a checksum field
C)Only IPv6 has a checksum field
D)The checksum field is optional in both

8. What is the format of an IPv6 address?

A)Decimal
B)Binary
C)Hexadecimal
D)Alphanumeric
9. Which protocol is built into IPv6 for security purposes?

A)SNMP
B)IPSec
C)TCP
D)UDP

10. What is the maximum number of addresses that IPv4 can support?

A)2.3 billion
B)4.3 billion
C)10 billion
D)Infinite

11. What is the primary purpose of the InetAddress class in Java?

A)To manage network traffic

B)To establish a connection to a server
C)To obtain the IP address of a given host name
D)To encrypt data packets

12. Which of the following is NOT a function of an IP address?

A)Host identification
B)Location addressing
C)Data encryption
D)Routing information
13. What is the primary difference in addressing methods between IPv4 and IPv6?

A)IPv4 uses hexadecimal, while IPv6 uses decimal

B)IPv4 uses numeric addresses separated by dots, while IPv6 uses alphanumeric addresses separated by
colons
C)IPv4 is longer than IPv6
D)IPv4 is only used for local networks, while IPv6 is used for the internet

14. What is a key feature of TCP/IP protocol?

A)It is only used for local area networks

B)It does not support encryption
C)It is the standard protocol for internet communication
D)It requires a static IP address

15. Which of the following is a method to communicate between computers over a network?

A)Sending emails only

B)Using datagram packets
C)Storing data on a local drive
D)Using a single computer

16. What is the purpose of a proxy server in networking?

A)To store data locally

B)To provide a backup for data
C)To act as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers
D)To encrypt data packets
17. What is one of the primary functions of TCP?

A)To discard erroneous packets

B)To perform error checking and recovery
C)To transmit data without any checks
D)To guarantee delivery without acknowledgments

18. How does UDP handle packet retransmission?

A)It retransmits lost packets automatically

B)It does not support retransmission
C)It allows for manual retransmission by the user
D)It uses acknowledgments to confirm delivery

19. Which of the following statements is true about TCP compared to UDP?

A)TCP is faster and more efficient than UDP

B)TCP guarantees delivery of data, while UDP does not
C)TCP is a lightweight protocol
D)TCP does not perform error checking

20. What type of socket provides a connection-oriented communication?

A)Datagram Socket
B)Stream Socket
C)Raw Socket
D)Broadcast Socket
21. Which class in the java.net package is used to represent the client side of a socket connection?

A)DatagramSocket
B)ServerSocket
C)Socket
D)RawSocket

22. What is the primary advantage of using sockets for communication?

A)They are faster than all other communication methods

B)They allow communication between any computers that support TCP/IP
C)They require no configuration
D)They are only used for local communication

23. How is a socket created in a network?

A)By using a hardware port number

B)By concatenating the IP address and a software port number
C)By using a random number generator
D)By connecting directly to the server

24. What is a characteristic of a datagram socket?

A)It provides a connection-oriented service

B)It is similar to a phone conversation
C)It is connectionless and sends packets
D)It guarantees the order of packet delivery
25. Which of the following protocols is associated with port number 25?

A)FTP
B)Telnet
C)SMTP
D)HTTP

26. What does a raw socket provide access to?

A)TCP connections
B)UDP packets
C)ICMP messages
D)HTTP requests

27. In the context of TCP, what is an acknowledgment segment used for?

A)To discard packets

B)To confirm the receipt of packets
C)To initiate a connection
D)To encrypt data

28. What is the main difference between a stream socket and a datagram socket?

A)Stream sockets are faster than datagram sockets

B)Stream sockets are connection-oriented, while datagram sockets are connectionless
C)Datagram sockets can guarantee delivery, while stream sockets cannot
D)Stream sockets do not require an IP address
29. Which of the following best describes a stream socket?

A)It sends data in a non-sequenced manner

B)It provides a unique flow of data without record boundaries
C)It is used for broadcasting messages
D)It does not support error detection

30. What is the purpose of the port number in socket communication?

A)To identify the hardware device

B)To specify the type of data being sent
C)To determine the address of the system
D)To indicate the specific service or application on the host

31. Which of the following statements is true regarding error checking in UDP?

A)UDP performs extensive error checking

B)UDP uses checksums for basic error checking
C)UDP guarantees error-free delivery
D)UDP does not perform any error checking

32. What happens when a client sends a request to a server in a socket connection?

A)The server ignores the request

B)The server creates a new socket for the client
C)The client must wait indefinitely
D)The server sends a response without creating a socket
33. What does the Java URL class represent?

A)A network protocol

B)A URL
C)A web server
D)A file path

34. Which constructor of the URL class creates an instance from a URL specifier?

A)URL(String protocol, String host, int port, String file)

B)URL(String protocol, String host, String file)
C)URL(String urlSpecifier)
D)URL(String host, int port)

35. What method would you use to get the protocol of a URL?

A)getHost()
B)getProtocol()
C)getFile()
D)getPort()

36. Which method of the URLConnection class returns the size of the content in bytes?

A)getContentType()
B)getContentLength()
C)getLastModified()
D)getExpiration()
37. What does the getExpiration() method return?

A)The current date and time

B)The size of the content
C)The expiration time of the resource
D)The last modified date of the resource

38. What is the default queue length for a ServerSocket in Java?

A)10
B)25
C)50
D)100

39. Which class is used to create server applications in Java?

A)Socket
B)URL
C)ServerSocket
D)URLConnection

40. What does the ServerSocket constructor with parameters (int port, int maxQueue) specify?

A)The port and the IP address

B)The port and the maximum queue length
C)The maximum queue length only
D)The port and the timeout duration
41. Which method of the URL class compares the URL with a given object?

A)toString()
B)equals(Object obj)
C)getHost()
D)getFile()

42. What does the getLastModified() method return?

A)The size of the content

B)The last modification date of the resource
C)The expiration date of the resource
D)The protocol of the URL

43. Which of the following methods would return the host name of a URL?

A)getPort()
B)getHost()
C)getFile()
D)getProtocol()

44. What is the purpose of the URLConnection class?

A)To create URLs

B)To manage server connections
C)To access attributes of a remote resource
D)To parse URL strings
45. What does the openConnection() method of the URL class return?

A)A new URL instance

B)A URLConnection instance
C)A string representation of the URL
D)The default port of the URL

46. Which of the following is NOT a constructor of the ServerSocket class?

A)ServerSocket(int port)
B)ServerSocket(int port, int maxQueue)
C)ServerSocket(int port, int maxQueue, InetAddress localAddress)
D)ServerSocket(int port, String host)

47. What does the getContentType() method return?

A)The protocol of the URL

B)The type of content found in the resource
C)The size of the content
D)The last modified date of the resource

48. When creating a ServerSocket, what does the localAddress parameter specify?

A)The maximum queue length

B)The port number
C)The IP address to which the socket binds
D)The timeout duration for connections
49. What is the purpose of a proxy server?

A)To directly connect clients to the internet without restrictions

B)To mask the true origin of requests to a resource server
C)To store all user data for future reference
D)To increase the speed of internet connections

50. Which port number is commonly used for FTP services?

A)23
B)25
C)21
D)80

51. What does the Domain Naming Service (DNS) primarily help with?

A)Encrypting data for secure transmission

B)Converting IP addresses into human-readable names
C)Managing user access to network resources
D)Monitoring network traffic for security threats

52. Which of the following is NOT a method of the InetAddress class?

A)getLocalHost()
B)getByName(String hostName)
C)getHostName()
D)getAllByName(String hostName)
53. What is the main advantage of using a caching proxy server?

A)It can block all incoming requests

B)It reduces bandwidth demands on a local network
C)It encrypts all data transmitted over the network
D)It allows users to access any website without restrictions

54. Which of the following protocols is associated with port number 443?

A)FTP
B)HTTP
C)HTTPS
D)Telnet

55. What does the method getAddress() in the InetAddress class return?

A)A string representation of the host name

B)A byte array representing the Internet address
C)A list of all available IP addresses
D)A boolean indicating if the address is valid

56. What is the primary function of the URL class in Java?

A)To create and manage network connections

B)To represent a Uniform Resource Locator
C)To handle user authentication
D)To encrypt data for secure transmission
57. Which of the following is a valid component of a URL?

A)The operating system of the server

B)The protocol needed to access the resource
C)The physical location of the server
D)The user credentials for accessing the resource

58. What is the significance of port numbers greater than or equal to 1024?

A)They are reserved for system processes only

B)They are used for user-level processes and services
C)They are exclusively for secure connections
D)They are not used in modern networking

59. Which method would you use to obtain the local host's InetAddress object?

A)getByName()
B)getLocalHost()
C)getAllByName()
D)getByAddress()

60. What does the URL constructor URL(String urlSpecifier) do?

A)It creates a new URL from a specified host name

B)It creates an instance of URL from the URL specifier
C)It validates the format of a given URL
D)It retrieves the protocol used in a URL
61. How does a proxy server help clients with connection restrictions?

A)By allowing them to connect directly to the internet

B)By filtering requests based on user preferences
C)By connecting them to a server without restrictions
D)By caching all requests for faster access

62. What is the purpose of the equals(Object other) method in the InetAddress class?

A)To compare two InetAddress objects for equality

B)To retrieve the host name of the address
C)To convert the address to a string format
D)To check if the address is valid

63. Which of the following is a characteristic of the InetAddress class?

A)It can only handle IPv4 addresses

B)It has visible constructors for easy instantiation
C)It encapsulates both numerical IP addresses and domain names
D)It requires user input for creating instances

64. What is the optional component of a URL that specifies the server's listening port?

A)Protocol
B)Domain Name
C)Port Number
D)Filename
65. What is the primary function of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)?

A)To facilitate video streaming

B)To manage network systems
C)To encrypt data transmissions
D)To establish wireless connections

66. Which of the following statements is true regarding IPv6 fragmentation?

A)It is performed by both the sender and forwarding routers.

B)It is performed only by the sender.
C)It is not supported in IPv6.
D)It is performed by the destination device only.

67. What is the role of network protocols?

A)To limit communication between devices

B)To establish rules for data transmission between devices
C)To enhance the physical design of devices
D)To create software applications

68. In the OSI model, what happens to data at the physical layer?

A)It is processed and sent to the application layer.

B)It is encrypted for security.
C)It is actually transferred to the destination workstation.
D)It is stored temporarily for later use.
69. What is a key characteristic of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A)It is a connectionless protocol.

B)It does not require a connection to send data.
C)It ensures a connection is established and maintained.
D)It does not perform error checking.

70. Which of the following protocols is an example of an application that requires a reliable communication
channel?

A)User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

B)Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
C)Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
D)Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

71. What distinguishes User Datagram Protocol (UDP) from Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A)UDP is connection-oriented, while TCP is connectionless.

B)UDP establishes a connection before sending data, while TCP does not.
C)UDP does not guarantee delivery of packets, while TCP does.
D)UDP is used exclusively for video streaming, while TCP is not.

72. Which of the following is NOT a feature of TCP?

A)It uses a handshake protocol.

B)It performs error recovery.
C)It does not require acknowledgment segments.
D)It numbers packets for reassembly.
73. What is the purpose of port numbers in UDP datagrams?

A)To encrypt the data being sent

B)To distinguish different user requests
C)To establish a connection with the server
D)To compress the data for faster transmission

74. Which of the following statements about SNMP is correct?

A)SNMP supports IPv6.

B)SNMP is used for data encryption.
C)SNMP is a protocol for system management.
D)SNMP is primarily used for video conferencing.

75. How does TCP handle data packets?

A)It sends them without numbering.

B)It discards erroneous packets.
C)It numbers and reassembles them.
D)It sends them in bulk without processing.

76. What is a characteristic of a connectionless protocol like UDP?

A)It establishes a connection before data transfer.

B)It guarantees the order of packet delivery.
C)It does not maintain a connection during data transfer.
D)It performs extensive error checking.
77. In the context of network protocols, what does the term "handshake" refer to?

A)A method of data encryption

B)A process to establish a connection
C)A technique for data compression
D)A way to verify user identity

78. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for the actual transfer of data?

A)Application layer
B)Transport layer
C)Network layer
D)Physical layer

79. What is the main advantage of using TCP over UDP?

A)TCP is faster than UDP.

B)TCP guarantees the delivery of packets.
C)TCP uses less bandwidth than UDP.
D)TCP is simpler to implement than UDP.

80. Which of the following protocols is considered connection-oriented?

A)User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

B)Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
C)Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
D)Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
81. What is the primary theme of the text?

A)The importance of technology in education

B)The impact of climate change on biodiversity
C)The role of community in personal development
D)The evolution of social media platforms

82. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on personal growth?

A)It is solely an individual journey.

B)It is heavily influenced by external factors.
C)It requires a balance of self-reflection and community support.
D)It is primarily driven by financial success.

83. What role does the author attribute to mentorship in personal development?

A)It is unnecessary for achieving success.

B)It can hinder personal growth by creating dependency.
C)It provides guidance and support that enhances growth.
D)It is only beneficial in professional settings.

84. How does the text suggest individuals can contribute to their communities?

A)By focusing solely on their own achievements.

B)By volunteering and sharing their skills with others.
C)By avoiding involvement in community issues.
D)By competing with others for recognition.
85. What is one potential barrier to personal development mentioned in the text?

A)Lack of ambition
B)Overreliance on technology
C)Isolation from community support
D)Excessive social interaction

86. According to the text, what is a significant benefit of engaging with a diverse community?

A)It complicates personal relationships.

B)It limits exposure to new ideas.
C)It fosters creativity and innovation.
D)It creates competition among members.

87. Which of the following strategies does the author recommend for effective self-reflection?

A)Ignoring past experiences

B)Keeping a daily journal
C)Relying on others' opinions
D)Avoiding difficult emotions

88. What does the text imply about the relationship between personal goals and community involvement?

A)They are mutually exclusive.

B)Community involvement can enhance personal goals.
C)Personal goals should always take precedence.
D)Community involvement is a distraction from personal goals.
89. How does the author view the concept of failure in the context of personal development?

A)It is a definitive end to progress.

B)It is an opportunity for learning and growth.
C)It should be avoided at all costs.
D)It is irrelevant to personal success.

90. What is one way the text suggests individuals can build resilience?

A)By avoiding challenges

B)By seeking constant validation
C)By embracing change and uncertainty
D)By sticking to familiar routines

91. Which of the following is highlighted as a key factor in fostering a supportive community?

A)Competition among members

B)Open communication and trust
C)Strict adherence to rules
D)Exclusivity in membership

92. What does the author suggest about the role of feedback in personal development?

A)It should be disregarded.

B)It is only useful when positive.
C)It is essential for growth and improvement.
D)It can be detrimental to self-esteem.
93. In the text, what is mentioned as a common misconception about personal development?

A)It is a linear process.

B)It requires constant effort.
C)It is influenced by external circumstances.
D)It is only relevant to young people.

94. What does the author identify as a crucial element for sustaining motivation?

A)Financial incentives
B)A clear sense of purpose
C)Public recognition
D)Avoiding challenges

95. How does the text characterize the impact of technology on personal development?

A)It is entirely negative.

B)It has no significant impact.
C)It can be both a tool and a distraction.
D)It is only beneficial for younger generations.

96. What does the method getPort() return?

A)The local port number of the socket

B)The port number on the remote host
C)The length of the data being sent
D)The IP address of the remote host
97. Which method is used to set the IP address of the machine to which a datagram is being sent?

A)setData()
B)setLength()
C)setAddress()
D)setPort()

98. What is the purpose of the getData() method?

A)To return the length of the data

B)To return the data buffer
C)To return the port number
D)To return the local address

99. Which constructor of DatagramSocket binds the socket to a specific port number and host address?

A)DatagramSocket()
B)DatagramSocket(int port)
C)DatagramSocket(int port, InetAddress address)
D)DatagramSocket(InetAddress address)

100. What does the close() method do in the context of a DatagramSocket?

A)It sends a datagram packet

B)It releases system resources held by the socket
C)It binds the socket to a new port
D)It retrieves the local address of the socket
101. Which method would you use to receive a datagram packet?

A)send()
B)receive()
C)getPort()
D)getData()

102. What does the getLocalPort() method return?

A)The port number on the remote host

B)The port number on the local host to which the socket is bound
C)The length of the data being sent
D)The IP address of the local machine

103. If you want to set the length of a datagram packet, which method would you use?

A)setData()
B)setLength()
C)setPort()
D)setAddress()

104. What type of socket does DatagramSocket represent?

A)Connection-oriented socket
B)Connection-less socket
C)Stream socket
D)Secure socket
105. Which method retrieves the address to which the socket is connected?

A)getLocalAddress()
B)getInetAddress()
C)getPort()
D)getData()

106. What exception might be thrown when creating a DatagramSocket?

A)IOException
B)SocketException
C)NullPointerException
D)ClassNotFoundException

107. What does the getLength() method return?

A)The total number of bytes sent

B)The length of the data to be sent or received
C)The size of the datagram packet
D)The number of packets sent

108. Which method would you use to send a datagram packet from a socket?

A)receive()
B)send()
C)close()
D)getLocalPort()
109. What is the purpose of the setData(byte\[\] buf) method?

A)To set the port number for the socket

B)To set the length of the datagram packet
C)To set the data buffer for the packet
D)To set the IP address of the remote host

110. Which of the following methods would you use to get the local address of a DatagramSocket?

A)getInetAddress()
B)getLocalAddress()
C)getPort()
D)getData()

111. What does the getOffset() method return?

A)The total number of bytes in the datagram

B)The offset of the data to be sent or received
C)The port number of the local host
D)The IP address of the remote host

112. What is the primary purpose of TCP/IP sockets?

A)To implement unreliable, unidirectional connections

B)To implement reliable, bidirectional, persistent connections
C)To create temporary connections for file transfers
D)To establish connections only on local networks
113. In a multihomed host, what does the localAddress parameter specify?

A)The maximum number of connections allowed

B)The IP address to which the socket binds
C)The type of network interface used
D)The default port for incoming connections

114. Which class is specifically designed for client sockets in Java?

A)ServerSocket
B)DatagramSocket
C)Socket
D)ConnectionSocket

115. What does the method getInetAddress() return when the socket is not connected?

A)The local IP address

B)The remote IP address
C)Null
D)An error message

116. What is a DatagramPacket primarily used for?

A)Establishing a persistent connection

B)Implementing a connectionless packet delivery service
C)Sending large files reliably
D)Creating a secure communication channel
117. Which of the following constructors creates a DatagramPacket for sending packets to a specified host?

A)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length)

B)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int offset, int length)
C)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length, InetAddress address, int port)
D)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int offset, int length, InetAddress address, int port)

118. What does the method getPort() return when the socket is not connected?

A)\-1
B)0
C)The local port number
D)The remote port number

119. Which of the following statements about datagrams is true?

A)They guarantee delivery and order of packets.

B)They are bundles of information passed between machines without delivery assurance.
C)They can only be sent over local networks.
D)They require a persistent connection to be established.

120. What happens when a DatagramPacket is released to its intended target?

A)It is guaranteed to arrive at the destination.

B)There is no assurance that it will arrive or be received.
C)It is automatically acknowledged by the receiver.
D)It is stored in a queue until the receiver is ready.
121. Which method would you use to access the input stream associated with a Socket object?

A)getOutputStream()
B)getInputStream()
C)getStream()
D)accessInput()

122. What does the method getLocalPort() return if the socket is not bound?

A)0
B)\-1
C)The local IP address
D)The remote port number

123. Which of the following is NOT a constructor for DatagramPacket?

A)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length)

B)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int offset, int length)
C)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length, InetAddress address, int port)
D)DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length, String host, int port)

124. What is the result of calling getAddress() on a DatagramPacket?

A)It returns the local address of the sender.

B)It returns the destination InetAddress used for sending.
C)It returns the port number of the sender.
D)It returns the length of the packet.
125. Which of the following best describes the nature of TCP/IP connections?

A)They are always temporary and short-lived.

B)They are reliable and maintain the order of packets.
C)They are connectionless and do not guarantee delivery.
D)They require manual management of connections.

126. What exception might be thrown when creating a Socket object?

A)SocketTimeoutException
B)UnknownHostException
C)ConnectionRefusedException
D)DatagramException

127. When using the Socket class, what is the significance of the port number?

A)It determines the maximum data size for transmission.

B)It specifies the local address for the socket.
C)It identifies the specific service or application on the server.
D)It is used to encrypt the data being sent.
Answers:

1. A) To provide a unique identifier for a computer

2. D) They are 32 bits long

3. B) It allows for remote access to programs and databases

4. B) URLConnection

5. B) A communication endpoint

6. B) 8

7. B) Only IPv4 has a checksum field

8. D) Alphanumeric

9. B) IPSec

10. B) 4.3 billion

11. C) To obtain the IP address of a given host name

12. C) Data encryption

13. B) IPv4 uses numeric addresses separated by dots, while IPv6 uses alphanumeric addresses separated by
colons

14. C) It is the standard protocol for internet communication

15. B) Using datagram packets

16. C) To act as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers

17. B) To perform error checking and recovery

18. B) It does not support retransmission

19. B) TCP guarantees delivery of data, while UDP does not

20. B) Stream Socket

21. C) Socket
22. B) They allow communication between any computers that support TCP/IP

23. B) By concatenating the IP address and a software port number

24. C) It is connectionless and sends packets

25. C) SMTP

26. C) ICMP messages

27. B) To confirm the receipt of packets

28. B) Stream sockets are connection-oriented, while datagram sockets are connectionless

29. B) It provides a unique flow of data without record boundaries

30. D) To indicate the specific service or application on the host

31. B) UDP uses checksums for basic error checking

32. B) The server creates a new socket for the client

33. B) A URL

34. C) URL(String urlSpecifier)

35. B) getProtocol()

36. B) getContentLength()

37. C) The expiration time of the resource

38. C) 50

39. C) ServerSocket

40. B) The port and the maximum queue length

41. B) equals(Object obj)

42. B) The last modification date of the resource

43. B) getHost()

44. C) To access attributes of a remote resource

45. B) A URLConnection instance

46. D) ServerSocket(int port, String host)

47. B) The type of content found in the resource

48. C) The IP address to which the socket binds

49. B) To mask the true origin of requests to a resource server

50. C) 21

51. B) Converting IP addresses into human-readable names

52. C) getHostName()

53. B) It reduces bandwidth demands on a local network

54. C) HTTPS

55. B) A byte array representing the Internet address

56. B) To represent a Uniform Resource Locator

57. B) The protocol needed to access the resource

58. B) They are used for user-level processes and services

59. B) getLocalHost()

60. B) It creates an instance of URL from the URL specifier

61. C) By connecting them to a server without restrictions

62. A) To compare two InetAddress objects for equality

63. C) It encapsulates both numerical IP addresses and domain names

64. C) Port Number

65. B) To manage network systems

66. B) It is performed only by the sender.

67. B) To establish rules for data transmission between devices

68. C) It is actually transferred to the destination workstation.

69. C) It ensures a connection is established and maintained.

70. B) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

71. C) UDP does not guarantee delivery of packets, while TCP does.

72. C) It does not require acknowledgment segments.

73. B) To distinguish different user requests

74. C) SNMP is a protocol for system management.

75. C) It numbers and reassembles them.

76. C) It does not maintain a connection during data transfer.

77. B) A process to establish a connection

78. D) Physical layer

79. B) TCP guarantees the delivery of packets.

80. C) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

81. C) The role of community in personal development

82. C) It requires a balance of self-reflection and community support.

83. C) It provides guidance and support that enhances growth.

84. B) By volunteering and sharing their skills with others.

85. C) Isolation from community support

86. C) It fosters creativity and innovation.

87. B) Keeping a daily journal

88. B) Community involvement can enhance personal goals.

89. B) It is an opportunity for learning and growth.

90. C) By embracing change and uncertainty

91. B) Open communication and trust

92. C) It is essential for growth and improvement.

93. A) It is a linear process.

94. B) A clear sense of purpose

95. C) It can be both a tool and a distraction.

96. B) The port number on the remote host

97. C) setAddress()

98. B) To return the data buffer

99. C) DatagramSocket(int port, InetAddress address)

100. B) It releases system resources held by the socket

101. B) receive()

102. B) The port number on the local host to which the socket is bound

103. B) setLength()

104. B) Connection-less socket

105. B) getInetAddress()

106. B) SocketException

107. B) The length of the data to be sent or received

108. B) send()

109. C) To set the data buffer for the packet

110. B) getLocalAddress()

111. B) The offset of the data to be sent or received

112. B) To implement reliable, bidirectional, persistent connections

113. B) The IP address to which the socket binds

114. C) Socket

115. C) Null

116. B) Implementing a connectionless packet delivery service

117. C) DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length, InetAddress address, int port)

118. B) 0

119. B) They are bundles of information passed between machines without delivery assurance.

120. B) There is no assurance that it will arrive or be received.

121. B) getInputStream()

122. B) -1

123. D) DatagramPacket(byte\[\] buf, int length, String host, int port)

124. B) It returns the destination InetAddress used for sending.

125. B) They are reliable and maintain the order of packets.

126. B) UnknownHostException

127. C) It identifies the specific service or application on the server.