1.
Using logic to represent and reason we can represent knowledge about the world
with facts and rules.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
2. Uncertainty arises in the wumpus world because the agent’s sensors give only
___________
a) Full & Global information
b) Partial & Global Information
c) Partial & local Information
d) Full & local information
Answer: c
Explanation: The Wumpus world is a grid of squares surrounded by walls, where each
square can contain agents and objects. The agent (you) always starts in the lower left
corner, a square that will be labeled [1, 1]. The agent’s task is to find the gold, return to [1,
1] and climb out of the cave. So uncertainty is there as the agent gives partial and local
information only. Global variable are not goal specific problem solving.
3. A Hybrid Bayesian network contains ___________
a) Both discrete and continuous variables
b) Only Discrete variables
c) Only Discontinuous variable
d) Both Discrete and Discontinuous variable
Answer: a
Explanation: To specify a Hybrid network, we have to specify two new kinds of distributions:
the conditional distribution for continuous variables given discrete or continuous parents,
and the conditional distribution for a discrete variable given continuous parents.
4. How is Fuzzy Logic different from conventional control methods?
a) IF and THEN Approach
b) FOR Approach
c) WHILE Approach
d) DO Approach
Answer: a
Explanation: FL incorporates a simple, rule-based IF X AND Y THEN Z approach to a
solving control problem rather than attempting to model a system mathematically.
5. If a hypothesis says it should be positive, but in fact it is negative, we call it
___________
a) A consistent hypothesis
b) A false negative hypothesis
c) A false positive hypothesis
d) A specialized hypothesis
Answer: c
Explanation: Consistent hypothesis go with examples, If the hypothesis says it should be
negative but in fact it is positive, it is false negative. If a hypothesis says it should be
positive, but in fact it is negative, it is false positive. In a specialized hypothesis we need to
have certain restrict or special conditions.
6. The primitives in probabilistic reasoning are random variables.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: The primitives in probabilistic reasoning are random variables. Just like
primitives in Propositional Logic are propositions. A random variable is not in fact a variable,
but a function from a sample space S to another space, often the real numbers.
7. Which is true for Decision theory?
a) Decision Theory = Probability theory + utility theory
b) Decision Theory = Inference theory + utility theory
c) Decision Theory = Uncertainty + utility theory
d) Decision Theory = Probability theory + preference
Answer: c
Explanation: The Wumpus world is a grid of squares surrounded by walls, where each
square can contain agents and objects. The agent (you) always starts in the lower left
corner, a square that will be labeled [1, 1]. The agent’s task is to find the gold, return to [1,
1] and climb out of the cave. So uncertainty is there as the agent gives partial and local
information only. Global variable are not goal specific problem solving.
8. A constructive approach in which no commitment is made unless it is necessary to
do so is ___________
a) Least commitment approach
b) Most commitment approach
c) Nonlinear planning
d) Opportunistic planning
Answer: a
Explanation: Because we are not sure about the outcome.
9. How many issues are available in describing degree of belief?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b
Explanation: The main issues for degree of belief are nature of the sentences and
the dependance of degree of the belief.
10. What is used for probability theory sentences?
a) Conditional logic
b) Logic
c) Extension of propositional logic
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: The version of probability theory we present uses an extension of
propositional logic for its sentences.
11. Where does the dependance of experience is reflected in prior probability
sentences?
a) Syntactic distinction
b) Semantic distinction
c) Both Syntactic & Semantic distinction
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: The dependance on experience is reflected in the syntactic distinction
between prior probability statements.
12. Where does the degree of belief is applied?
a) Propositions
b) Literals
c) Variables
d) Statements
Answer: a
13. How many formal languages are used for stating propositions?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b
Explanation: The two formal languages used for stating propositions are propositional logic
and first-order logic.
14. What is the basic element of a language?
a) Literal
b) Variable
c) Random variable
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: The basic element for a language is the random variable, which can be
thought as a part of world and its status is initially unknown.
15. How many types of random variables are available?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: c
Explanation: The three types of random variables are boolean, discrete and continuous.
16. Which is the complete specification of the state of the world?
a) Atomic event
b) Complex event
c) Simple event
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: An atomic event is the complete specification of the state of the world about
which the event is uncertain.
17. Which variable cannot be written in entire distribution as a table?
a) Discrete
b) Continuous
c) Both Discrete & Continuous
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: For continuous variables, it is not possible to write out the entire distribution as
a table.
18. What is meant by probability density function?
a) Probability distributions
b) Continuous variable
c) Discrete variable
d) Probability distributions for Continuous variables
Answer: d
19. How many terms are required for building a bayes model?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: c
Explanation: The three required terms are a conditional probability and two unconditional
probability.
20. What is needed to make probabilistic systems feasible in the world?
a) Reliability
b) Crucial robustness
c) Feasibility
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: On a model-based knowledge provides the crucial robustness needed to make
probabilistic system feasible in the real world.
21. Where does the bayes rule can be used?
a) Solving queries
b) Increasing complexity
c) Decreasing complexity
d) Answering probabilistic query
Answer: d
Explanation: Bayes rule can be used to answer the probabilistic queries conditioned on one
piece of evidence.
22. What does the bayesian network provides?
a) Complete description of the domain
b) Partial description of the domain
c) Complete description of the problem
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: A Bayesian network provides a complete description of the domain.
23. How the entries in the full joint probability distribution can be calculated?
a) Using variables
b) Using information
c) Both Using variables & information
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Every entry in the full joint probability distribution can be calculated from the
information in the network.
24. How the bayesian network can be used to answer any query?
a) Full distribution
b) Joint distribution
c) Partial distribution
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: If a bayesian network is a representation of the joint distribution, then it can
solve any query, by summing all the relevant joint entries.
25. How the compactness of the bayesian network can be described?
a) Locally structured
b) Fully structured
c) Partial structure
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: The compactness of the bayesian network is an example of a very general
property of a locally structured system.
26. To which does the local structure is associated?
a) Hybrid
b) Dependant
c) Linear
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Local structure is usually associated with linear rather than exponential growth
in complexity.
27. Which condition is used to influence a variable directly by all the others?
a) Partially connected
b) Fully connected
c) Local connected
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
28. What is the consequence between a node and its predecessors while creating
bayesian network?
a) Functionally dependent
b) Dependant
c) Conditionally independent
d) Both Conditionally dependant & Dependant
Answer: c
Explanation: The semantics to derive a method for constructing bayesian networks were led
to the consequence that a node can be conditionally independent of its predecessors.
