Data Visualization Lab (BAIL504)

Introduction to Various Data Visualization tools

Data visualization is the practice of translating information into a visual context, such as a map or graph,
to make data easier for the human brain to understand and pull insights from. It is the representation of
information and data through use of common graphics, such as charts, plots, infographics, and
animations. Data visualization is a powerful way for people, especially data professionals, to display data
so that it can be interpreted easily.

Data Visualization enables decision-makers of any enterprise or industry to look into analytical reports
and understand concepts that might otherwise be difficult to grasp.

Benefits of Data Visualization:

1. It is easy to understand the information with graphics

2. It made data to be represented in attractive way

3. Shows complex relationships

4. Helps to process large datasets

5. Useful for identifying trends

6. Minimizes ambiguity

Data visualization tools provide the ability to see and understand data trends, outliers, and patterns in
an easy, intuitive way. There are various data visualization tools available. One must choose the tool
based on various factors such as its ease of use, types of graphical representations the tool can produce,
size of the dataset the tool can handle etc. some of Data Visualization tools are Tableau, Power BI,
Google Charts, Jupyter, Grafana etc.

The following are some common types of data visualizations:

Table: A table is data displayed in rows and columns, which can be easily created in a Word document or
Excel spreadsheet.

Chart or graph: Information is presented in tabular form with data displayed along an x and y axis,
usually with bars, points, or lines, to represent data in comparison.

Geospatial visualization: Data is depicted in map form with shapes and colours that illustrate the
relationship between specific locations, such as a choropleth or heat map.

Dashboard: Data and visualizations are displayed, usually for business purposes, to help analysts
understand and present data.

Mrs. Gayathri S, Dept of ISE, SJBIT

 Data Visualization Lab (BAIL504)

Introduction to Tableau and Installation

Tableau is a data visualization tool that provides pictorial and graphical representations of data. It is
used for data analytics and business intelligence. Tableau provides limitless data exploration without
interrupting flow of analysis. With an intuitive drag and drop interface, user can uncover hidden insights
in data and make smarter decisions faster.

Tableau is a Business Intelligence tool for visually analyzing the data. Users can create and distribute an
interactive and shareable dashboard, which depict the trends, variations, and density of the data in the
form of graphs and charts. Tableau can connect to files, relational and Big Data sources to acquire and
process data. The software allows data blending and real-time collaboration, which makes it very
unique. It is used by businesses, academic researchers, and many government organizations for visual
data analysis. It is also positioned as a leader Business Intelligence and Analytics Platform in Gartner
Magic Quadrant.

As a leading data visualization tool, Tableau has many desirable and unique features. Its powerful data
discovery and exploration application allows you to answer important questions in seconds. You can use
Tableau's drag and drop interface to visualize any data, explore different views, and even combine
multiple databases easily. It does not require any complex scripting. Anyone who understands the
business problems can address it with a visualization of the relevant data. After analysis, sharing with
others is as easy as publishing to Tableau Server.

Tableau Features

 Speed of Analysis − As it does not require high level of programming expertise, any user with
access to data can start using it to derive value from the data.

 Self-Reliant − Tableau does not need a complex software setup. The desktop version which is
used by most users is easily installed and contains all the features needed to start and
complete data analysis.

 Visual Discovery − The user explores and analyzes the data by using visual tools like colors,
trend lines, charts, and graphs. There is very little script to be written as nearly everything is
done by drag and drop.

 Blend Diverse Data Sets − Tableau allows you to blend different relational, semi structured and
raw data sources in real time, without expensive up-front integration costs. The users don’t
need to know the details of how data is stored.

 Architecture Agnostic − Tableau works in all kinds of devices where data flows. Hence, the user
need not worry about specific hardware or software requirements to use Tableau.

 Real-Time Collaboration − Tableau can filter, sort, and discuss data on the fly and embed a live
dashboard in portals like SharePoint site or Salesforce. You can save your view of data and allow

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colleagues to subscribe to your interactive dashboards so they see the very latest data just by
refreshing their web browser.

 Centralized Data − Tableau server provides a centralized location to manage all of the
organization’s published data sources. You can delete, change permissions, add tags, and
manage schedules in one convenient location. It’s easy to schedule extract refreshes and
manage them in the data server. Administrators can centrally define a schedule for extracts on
the server for both incremental and full refreshes.

Working on Tableau ---Some important screen shots and steps of sheets(Not Related to Programs)

Mrs. Gayathri S, Dept of ISE, SJBIT

 Data Visualization Lab (BAIL504)

Mrs. Gayathri S, Dept of ISE, SJBIT

 Data Visualization Lab (BAIL504)

Program 1
Program 1: Getting Started - Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies, Basic functionalities.

Working with Tableau that focuses on understanding the Tableau Workspace, Tableau terminologies,
and basic functionalities.

Dataset used: vgsales.csv

1. Go to Start Page: Toggle between the active sheet and the Desktop Start Page.

2. Data Pane: Includes dimensions and measures, populated from your selected data source. May
also include calculated fields, parameters, or sets.

3. Analytics Pane: Includes options you can use to apply reference lines, forecasts, trend lines, to
add totals to crosstabs, and to build boxplots.

4. Workbook Name: The file name of our workbook.

5. View Cards: Used for modifying the worksheet.

6. Toolbar Icons: Icons are available for quick access to popular features.

7. Worksheet/View: Workspace for building your visualizations.

8. Go to Data Source: Returns you to the data source specification page.

9. Worksheet Tabs: Click to view a specific worksheet, dashboard, or story

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10. New Worksheet, Dashboard, and Story Tabs: Click to create a new Worksheet, Dashboard, or
Story.

11. Status Bar: Displays data about the fields and marks included in the view.

Steps:

1. Tableau Workspace Setup:

Connect to Data:

 Open Tableau, and on the "Start Page," select Connect -> To a File ->
Text File.
 Browse to the location of vgsales.csv and open it.

Data Preview:

 After loading, Tableau will show a preview of the data. You can rename
columns if necessary.

 Click on the "Sheet 1" tab at the bottom to go to your first worksheet.

2. Tableau Terminologies:

 Dimensions: These are qualitative fields. In vgsales.csv, examples include Platform,

Genre,and Publisher.

 Measures: These are quantitative fields used for calculations. Examples are
Global_Sales, NA_Sales, and Year.

 Rows and Columns Shelf: Drag dimensions and measures to the Rows or Columns
shelves to build the structure of your visualization.

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 Marks: Controls the appearance of the data. You can set marks to be circles, bars, or
other shapes and control size, color, and label.

 Filters: Used to limit the data displayed in the view.

 Pages Shelf: Used for creating animations or segmenting your view by categories.

3. Basic Functionalities:

a. Basic Visualization (Bar Chart of Global Sales by Genre):

 In your worksheet, drag Genre to the Columns shelf.

 Drag Global_Sales to the Rows shelf.

 You should see a bar chart. If the data isn’t aggregating correctly, check if the aggregation is set
to SUM by right-clicking Global_Sales -> Measure -> Sum.

b. Sorting:

 Click on the Global_Sales axis and sort descending to show the genres with the most sales first.

c. Filtering:

 Drag Year to the Filters shelf.

 Choose the range of years you want to display (e.g., 2000-2016).

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 Add Year to the Pages shelf to create a dynamic view of how sales changed over time.

4. Additional Functionalities:

Dashboards: Combine different sheets to create a comprehensive dashboard. Go to the Dashboard tab,
drag your created sheets to the layout, and arrange them accordingly.

a. Add one more worksheet - Global Sales Trend by Year

 Drag Year to the Columns.

 Drag Global_Sales to the Rows.

 Create a line chart to show how global sales have trended over time.

 Add Genre to the Marks

 Apply color to Genre

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b. Go to the Dashboard tab in Tableau.

c. Add multiple visualizations to a single dashboard. (To increase dashboard size - select size-
Automatic)

d. Arrange charts (e.g., a line chart for yearly sales, a bar chart for top genres, etc.).

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Program 2
Program 2 : Connecting to Data Source – Connecting to Database, Different types of Tableau Joins.

Dataset used: Tableau Joins File: Contains 3 sheets : Demographics, Salary, Job Title

1. Connecting to Excel Files in Tableau:

 Open Tableau and click on Connect in the left pane.

 Under To a File, choose Microsoft Excel.

 Browse and select your Excel file (Tableau Joins File.xlsx).

 Tableau will display the sheets from the Excel file in the Data Source tab.

 Drag the relevant sheets to the workspace.

2. Tableau Joins File.xlsx Dataset: has three Excel sheets

Demographics:

 EmployeeID

 NameofEmployee

 EmployeeAge

 EmployeeGender

Salary:

 EmployeeID

 EmployeeSalary

These sheets have a relationship based on the EmployeeID, and you can join them using this field.

Drag and drop Demographics table- Right click-select open- that allows you to do following types of
joins.

Now Drag and drop Salary table - That allows you to do join of your choice.

3. Types of Joins in Tableau:

Once both tables are in the Data Source tab, Tableau automatically suggests an inner join, but you can
modify the type of join depending on the scenario.

a. Inner Join:

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 Description: Returns only records where there is a match in both tables.

 How to Create in Tableau:

 Drag Demographics and Salary sheets into the canvas.

 Tableau automatically detects the common field (EmployeeID). If not, manually select it.

 Choose Inner Join in the Join Type options.

 Result: You will see only employees whose employee id matches in both Demographics
and Salary table.

 b. Left Join:

 Description: Returns all records from the left table (Demographics), and matched records from
the right table (salary). If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for fields from the right
table.

 How to Create in Tableau:

 In the join settings, select Left Join.

 Result: All employees will be returned, even if data missing in Salary. Salary information will be
NULL for those without a match.

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c. Right Join:

 Description: Returns all records from the right table (Salary), and matched records from the left
table (Demographics). If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for fields from the left
table.

How to Create in Tableau:

 Select Right Join.

 Result: You will see all salary, even if they don't have employee id. Employee information will be
NULL for those salary with no matching employee id.

d. Full Outer Join:

 Description: Returns all records when there is a match in either the left (Demographics) or right
(Job Title) table. If there’s no match, NULL values are returned for the missing side.

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 How to Create in Tableau:

 Select Full Outer Join.

 Result: You will see all employees and all salary, even if they don’t have a match in the
other table. NULL values will appear where there’s no corresponding record.

4. Creating a Visualization Based on Joins:

After performing the joins, you can build different visualizations. Press on Sheet 1:

For example:

 Bar Chart: Number of employees and their salary.

 Drag NameofEmployee to Columns.

 Drag EmployeeSalary to Rows.

 This chart will display the number of employees and their salary based on the type of join.

 Sort it in decending

 Drag EmployeeSalary to Marks - Select color Color, Label

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Mrs. Gayathri S, Dept of ISE, SJBIT

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Program 3
Program 3. Creating a View - formatting charts, adding filters, creating calculated fields
and defining parameters

Step 1: Connect to Data

1. Open Tableau Desktop.

2. Connect to Your Data Source:

a) Click on Connect on the left sidebar.

b) Choose your data source by selecting text file and load your vgsales dataset into
Tableau.

Step 2: Create a Basic Visualization

 Create a New Worksheet:

a) Click on the Sheet tab at the bottom of the screen.

 Drag Fields to Shelves:

a) Drag Year to the Columns shelf.

b) Drag Global Sales to the Rows shelf.

c) Drag EU Sales to the Rows shelf. That gives the line graph visualization.

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 Change Visualization Type:

In the Show Me panel on the right, select a bar chart or any other type that suits your needs.

Step 3: Format the Chart

 Format Axes:

a) Right-click on the Global Sales axis and select Format.

b) In the Format pane, adjust the font style & size as needed.

 Add Titles and Annotations:

a) Click on the chart title area and enter a descriptive title - Global Sales by
Year.

b) Add annotations if needed to highlight specific data points – Right click

the on the chart which you want to highlight - Select Annotate - Select
Mark - Press Ok

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Step 4: Add Filters

Add a Filter for Year:

Drag Year to the Filters shelf.

Choose the range of years you want to display (e.g., 2000-2016).

Step 5: Create Calculated Fields

 Create a Calculated Field for Sales Category:

a) Right-click on Global Sales - Select Create - Calculated Field.

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b) Give name to your calculations as Global Sales - EU Sales

c) Do calculations as per your need - [Global Sales] - [EU Sales]

d) Press Ok

Add Calculated Fields to Visualization:

a) Drag Global Sales-EU Sales to the Rows shelf to show Global Sales over Year with Global
Sales-EU Sales over Year.

Step 6: Create a Parameter:

Name: "Select Genre"

 Data Type: String

 Values: List (e.g., "Action", "Adventure", "Shooter") or Add values from Genre.

 Create a Calculated Field:

 Name: "Sales by Genre"

 Formula:

 IF [Genre] = [Select Genre] THEN [Global Sales] ELSE 0 END

Build the Visualization:

 Columns: Drag "Year".

 Rows: Drag "Sales by Genre".

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 At the right side of your sheet you can select required Genre and can see different
Visualization Visualization by Genre: Fighting

Mrs. Gayathri S, Dept of ISE, SJBIT

1. Components of a Tableau Dashboard

A Tableau dashboard is a collection of views from multiple worksheets combined to provide a

comprehensive analysis. The key components of a dashboard include:

1.1. Worksheets

 Definition: Each worksheet in Tableau represents a single view (chart, graph, or table).
 Placement: Worksheets are the main content of your dashboard, where data
visualizations are displayed.

1.2. Containers

 Definition: Containers are organizational tools in Tableau that help in grouping and
aligning worksheets or other objects (like text, images, or filters) within the dashboard.
 Types:
o Horizontal Container: Aligns elements side by side.
o Vertical Container: Stacks elements on top of one another.
 Use Case: Containers help ensure that your dashboard is well-organized and responsive.
For example, you can use a vertical container to stack a chart and its corresponding filter,
ensuring they move together when the dashboard is resized.

1.3. Filters

 Definition: Filters allow users to interact with the dashboard by refining the data shown
in the visualizations.
 Placement: Filters can be placed within the dashboard for easy access, usually in a
horizontal or vertical container alongside the related views.

1.4. Parameters

 Definition: Parameters are user-defined inputs that can drive different aspects of the
dashboard, such as calculated fields or filter criteria.
 Placement: Like filters, parameters can be placed within the dashboard to allow users to
interact with the data.

1.5. Text and Images

 Definition: Text boxes and images can be added to provide context, titles, instructions, or
branding.
 Placement: Typically placed at the top for titles or instructions and strategically
elsewhere for context or decoration.

2. Placing Worksheets in Containers

Step 1: Drag Worksheets to the Dashboard

 Start by dragging the worksheets from the "Sheets" list to the dashboard workspace.

Step 2: Use Horizontal or Vertical Containers

 Horizontal Container: Drag a horizontal container to the dashboard. Then, drag

worksheets into the container side by side.
 Vertical Container: Drag a vertical container to the dashboard. Then, drag worksheets
into the container one above the other.

3. Action Filters and Their Types

Action filters are interactive elements that allow users to control the data displayed in different
parts of the dashboard by interacting with specific elements (like clicking on a part of a chart).

3.1. Filter Actions

 Definition: Filter actions allow users to filter the data in one or more views based on
their interaction with another view.
 Example: Clicking on a bar in one chart might filter another chart on the same dashboard
to show only the relevant data.

3.2. Highlight Actions

 Definition: Highlight actions emphasize data in one view based on user interaction with
another view.
 Example: Hovering over a data point in one chart can highlight the related data points in
other charts.

3.3. URL Actions

 Definition: URL actions allow users to navigate to a web page or another Tableau
dashboard by clicking on a specific element in the view.
 Example: Clicking on a region in a map might open a URL that provides more detailed
information about that region.

3.4. Go to Sheet Actions

 Definition: This action allows users to navigate between different sheets within the
workbook.
 Example: Clicking on a button or data point in one dashboard could take the user to
another dashboard or worksheet with more detailed data.

4. Implementing Action Filters

Step 1: Create the Action

 Go to "Dashboard" in the top menu and select "Actions...".

 Click "Add Action" and choose the type of action you want to create (Filter, Highlight,
URL, or Go to Sheet).
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Program 5
Question : Introducing Power BI –Components and the flow of work. Power BI Desktop
Interface-The Report has five main areas.
Solution :

Power BI includes the following components −

• Power BI Desktop − This is used to create reports and data visualizations on the dataset.
• Power BI Gateway − You can use Power BI on-premises gateway to keep your data
fresh by connecting to your on-premises data sources without the need to move the data.
It allows you to query large datasets and benefit from the existing investments.
• Power BI Mobile Apps − Using Power BI mobile apps, you can stay connected to their
data from anywhere. Power BI apps are available for Windows, iOS, and Android
platform.
• Power BI Service − This is a cloud service and is used to publish Power BI reports and
data visualizations

Fig 1 : The Components of Power BI

Flow of work

• A typical Power BI workflow involves more than one type of content.

• A Power BI designer (yellow in the diagram) collects data from semantic models, brings
it into Power BI Desktop for analysis, and creates reports full of visualizations that
highlight interesting facts and insights.
• The designer pins visualizations from reports to dashboards, and shares the reports and
dashboards with business users like you (black in the diagram).

Fig 2: Flow of work

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• A visualization (or visual), is a type of chart built by Power BI designers. The

visuals display the data from reports and semantic models. Because they're highly
interactive, you can slice, filter, highlight, change, and even drill into visualizations.

• A semantic model is a container of data. For example, it might be an Excel file from
the World Health Organization. It might also be a company-owned database of customers,
or it might be a Salesforce file. And it might be all three if the designer combines them
into a single model. Designers manage semantic models. The data contained in semantic
models is used to build reports, dashboards, and apps that designers share with you.
• A dashboard is a single screen with tiles of interactive visuals, text, and graphics. A
dashboard collects your most important metrics, or a focused set of metrics, on one screen,
to tell a story or answer a question. The dashboard content comes from one or more
reports and one or more semantic models.

• A report is one or more pages of interactive visuals, text, and graphics that together
make up a single report. Power BI bases a report on a single semantic model. Often,
the designer organizes report pages to each address a central area of interest or answer a
single question.

• An app is a way for designers to bundle and share related dashboards, reports, and
semantic models together. Business users receive some apps automatically but can go
search for other apps created by colleagues or by the community. For example, out-of-
the-box apps are available for external services you may already use, like Google
Analytics and Microsoft Dynamics CRM.

Power BI Desktop Interface-The Report has five main areas.

Downloading and Installing Power BI Desktop

Power BI Desktop is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. To download the latest version,
you can use the following link –

The Steps to be followed

1. Download from the link

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/power-platform/products/power-bi/downloads
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2. Click on Products-→Power BI--→Desktop

3. Click on Advanced Download option

4. Select the Language as English and Click on download , choose

PBIDEsktopSetup_x64.exe
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5. Download Begins and you will get exe file which will be downloaded in your
downloads folder

PBIDesktopSetup_x64
(2).exe

6. Double click on the .exe file ,to get the installation wizard

7. Click on Next button until you get Finish button and finally installation will be done.
8. Once the Installation is done ,double click on Power BI App.

The screen appears as below

9.When you launch the application, Power BI Desktop will start with a blank report. Let's
go over the components of the Power BI Desktop Interface
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• Ribbon - the top ribbon contains most of the controls and options needed for building the
report.
• Views - this is made up of the report view, the data view, and the model view.
• Canvas - this is the main design area where visualizations and other elements are added.
• Page selector - for navigation to other pages in the report.
• Filters - fields can be added here to filter the data.
• Visualizations - this contains the list of available visualizations.
• Fields - this section contains the tables and fields that are available in the data model.

The Major Components of Power BI Desktop Interface are

Power Query Editor

It is the process of cleansing and transforming data and permits users to access datasets
connecting from multiple sources. It is included on the Power BI desktop. Business users may
view the data from distinct databases like MySQL, SQL servers, DB2, and many more.

Power View

It is a data visualization tool that assists users in developing stunning charts, and colourful maps,
that turn data into a story.

Power Map

It is a 3D map visualization tool to identify geospatial data on Map visuals. It helps organizations
to examine the maximum sales production geographically, visualizing the demographic
populations of specific regions.

Power Pivot
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It is a Data Modelling technique that is used to create relationships between datasets. It performs
complex computations by utilizing DAX functions.

Power Q & A

When dealing with giant datasets, it becomes crucial to get to know the in-depth details of the
data. Luckily, it is done through natural language where users may ask questions and obtain the
answer through Power Q & A.

Build reports :

In Power BI Desktop Report view, you can build visualizations and reports.
The Report view has six main areas:

1. The ribbon at the top, which displays common tasks associated with reports and
visualizations.
2. The canvas area in the middle, where you create and arrange visualizations.
3. The pages tab area at the bottom, which lets you select or add report pages.
4. The Filters pane, where you can filter data visualizations.
5. The Visualizations pane, where you can add, change, or customize visualizations, and
apply drill through.
6. The Format pane, where you design the report and visualizations.
7. The Fields pane, which shows the available fields in your queries. You can drag these
fields onto the canvas, the Filters pane, or the Visualizations pane to create or modify
visualizations.
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PROGRAM – 6

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PROGRAM – 7

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PROGRAM – 8

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Program 9 : BUILDING DASH BOARD

Analysis of revenue in sales dataset:

i) Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to show the state which
has the highest revenue.
ii) Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
iii) Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to show the
revenue.
iv) Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by creating
zero access in the calculated field.
v) Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female & male revenue
based on product category.
vi) Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display profitable &
non-profitable state.
vii) Build a dashboard.
Solution:
Step1: Upload the revenue dataset
Step2: In the power query editor as part of transformation remove the unnecessary columns
(Remove the last null column)
Question 1: Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to show
the state which has the highest revenue.
Step1: Select the "Map" visualization from the Visualizations pane.(filled map)
Step2: Set Up the Map:

• Drag the state field to the "Location" field well.

• Drag the revenue field to the "Size" or "Values" field well.

Step3: Customize: In the "Format" pane, adjust settings such as color, size, and tooltips to
enhance readability. You can use color gradients to indicate different revenue levels, helping to
spot trends.

Question 2:Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
Step1:Add a Line Chart: Select the "Line chart" visualization from the Visualizations pane.
Step2: Configure the Chart:
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• Drag the month field to the "Axis" field well.

• Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

Step3: Format: In the "Format" pane, you can customize the line color, axis titles, and other
aspects to clearly present the revenue trend throughout the year

.
Question 3: Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to
show the revenue.
Step1: Create Bins for age

• Go to the "Data" view and select the age field.

• Right-click on the age field and choose "New group".
• In the "Group" window, select "Bin" and set the bin size to 10.

Step2: Add to Visualization:

• Create a new visualization (e.g., bar chart or column chart). Here we used Stacked column
chart.
• Drag the new age bins field to the "X Axis" and the revenue field to the "Y axis”.

Question 4: Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by
creating zero access in the calculated field.
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Step1: Add a Donut Chart: Select the "Donut chart" visualization from the Visualizations
pane.
Step2:Set Up the Chart:

• Drag the region field to the "Legend" field well.

• Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

Step3: Create Zero Access:

• Go to the "Format" pane, select "Detail labels", and set the "Label position" to "Inside" to
create a zero access effect.
• Adjust the "Detail" and "Percentage" settings as needed.

Note: The "zero access effect" is a visual design technique often used in data visualizations to
emphasize or clearly show zero values or the absence of certain data. This effect is
particularly useful in charts where you want to highlight how values are distributed relative to
zero, or where zero plays a significant role in the interpretation of the data.

Donut Charts:

In a donut chart, the zero access effect can be used to enhance readability by placing labels or
markers at the center of the chart or using a specific design to show where there is no data.

For example, if one segment of a donut chart represents zero revenue, you might design the
chart so that this segment is clearly visible or highlighted to indicate no revenue.

Question 5: Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female &
male revenue based on product category.
Step1: Create a New Measure
TotalRevenue = sum(SalesTable[Revenue])
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Method-1: By using stacked column chart

Method 2:
Step 1:

Add Two Bar Charts:

o Create two separate bar charts from the "Visualizations" pane.

Step 2:

Configure the First Bar Chart (e.g., Female Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

▪ In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Female revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Female.

Step 3:

Configure the Second Bar Chart (e.g., Male Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

▪ In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Male revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Male.

Step 4:
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Reversing the Bars:

• To create the butterfly effect, you need to reverse one of the bar charts. This involves
adjusting the direction of the bars so that they face opposite directions from the center.
o Reverse the Bars:
▪ For one of the charts (e.g., Male revenue), you will need to use a calculated column or
measure to make the bars extend in the opposite direction. In Power BI, this can be achieved
by adjusting the data in the chart's settings or using custom visualizations if necessary.

Add Titles and Labels:

• Add clear titles and labels to each chart to indicate what data they represent (e.g., "Female
Revenue" and "Male Revenue").
• Customize the chart's appearance to enhance readability.

Question 6:Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display
profitable & non-profitable state.
Step1: Create a New Measure

• Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Measure".

• Create the Average Revenue Measure:
• Enter the following DAX formula to calculate the average revenue per state:

AverageRevenuePerState =
AVERAGEX(
VALUES(SalesTable[State]),
CALCULATE(SUM(SalesTable[Revenue]))
)
Step2: Create a Calculated Column to Categorize States

Next, create a calculated column to classify states as profitable or non-profitable based on the
average revenue.

1. Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Column".

2. Create the Profitability Column:
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Enter the following DAX formula to create a column that categorizes states as
profitable or non-profitable:

ProfitabilityStatus =
IF(SalesTable[AverageRevenuePerState] > 1000,
"Profitable",
"Non-Profitable"
)
Step 3: Display the Results

1. Add a Table and select state, AverageRevenueState and ProfitablitiyStatus.

Extra : To get the Total value or single value

In Power BI, a Card visualization is used to display a single, important piece of data, such as
a key metric or a number. It is commonly used to show aggregate values like:
• Total Sales
• Average Profit
• Total Units Sold
• Number of Customers
The Card provides a clean and simple way to highlight critical metrics that are important for
decision-making. It's ideal for dashboard views where quick insights are needed.
To show the total revenue
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Steps : 1.Select the card in the visualization pane.

2.Drag the Revenue field into the field well

To Add filter or Slicer

Filter Data: Slicers filter data across multiple charts and visuals in a report. For example,
selecting a specific region or product category in a slicer can update all connected visuals to
reflect data only for that selection.
Steps : 1. Select slicer from the Visual pane
2. Drag the Country field into the field well

Question 7:Build a dashboard.

 Data Visualization Lab(BAIL504)

Program10 : Analysis of GDP dataset:

i)Visualize the countries data given in the dataset with respect to latitude and

longitude along withcountry name using symbol maps

Step1: Bring Latitude in Row
Bring Longitude in Column

Step2: Bring Country in Color Marks Pane

Bring any Year Measured Value to Label after that You be able to see screen as in below

ii) Create a bar graph to compare GDP of Belgium between 2006 – 2026.

Step1:
Get Measured Names to Filter Pane then select as in years mentioned
2006 – 2026.Get Country to Filter and Select Belgium
Step2:

Drag Measured Name and Country into Column

Step3:
Drag Measured Value to Row You see outputs
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iii)Using pie chart, visualize the GDP of India, Nepal, Romania, South Asia,
Singapore by the year 2010.
Step1:
Get Country to Filter pane and select India, Nepal, Romania, South
Asia, SingaporeGet Measure Name to Filter and select 2010
Step2: Important Step

Select option of chart as Pie(instead of automatic in Marks Pane) andDrag Country in Color
frame
Finaly Sum or avg or anything of your choice to angle Frame ( For sum its SUM[(2010)], For
average itsAVG[(2010)] from measure value
The output result is as in below
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iv)Visualize the countries Bhutan & Costa Rica competing in terms of GDP.
Step1: Filter Country and Measure name Iike Bhutan,Costarics and 2016,2017,2018 as
year(Measure name)
Step2:Add Country and Measure Names in column, Measure Values in Row
Step3:For better view add Measure Names to Color frame in Marks pane

v)Create a scatter plot or circle views of GDP of Mexico, Algeria, Fiji, Estonia from 2004 to
2006.
Step1:Add Country in filter as per requirement
Add measure names in filter and select as per requirement
Step2: Add Measured Name in Column and an add any measured values of year
2004,2005,2006Finally opt for Circle as option
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Program 11. Analysis of HR Dataset:

i)Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count, active employees, and
average age.
ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.
iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department Category- Drag department
into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to angle. Label attrition count,
change to percent, add total also, edit label.
iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,
v) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on employee count.
vi) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field Education field wise
attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,
vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different Age group.
Solution :
i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count, active
employees, and average age.
Step1: Create a New measure
Employee Count = COUNT('HR'[EmployeeNumber])
Step2: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Employee Count. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step3: Create a New Measure

Attrition Count = COUNTROWS(FILTER('HR', 'HR'[Attrition]="Yes"))
Step4: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Count. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step5: Create a New Measure

Attrition Rate = DIVIDE([Attrition Count], [Employee Count], 0) * 100
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Step6: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Rate. Format your visuals of
your style.

Step7: To find active employees create a new measure

Active Employees = [Employee Count] - [Attrition Count]
Step8: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Active Employees. Format your visuals
of your style.

Step9: To calculate average age create a new measure

Average Age = AVERAGE(HR[Age])
Step10: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Average Age. Format your visuals of
your style.

ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.
Power BI does not have a native Lollipop Chart, so you will simulate it using (any chart) a Line and
Stacked column Chart
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iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department Category-
Drag department into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to angle. Label
attrition count,change to percent, add total also, edit label.
• From the Visualizations pane on the right, select the Pie Chart visual icon. This will add a blank
pie chart to your report canvas.
Set Up the Pie Chart:
• Drag the Department Field to the Legend area.
• Drag the Attrition Count Measure to the Values area.
Configure Data Labels and Formatting:
• Click on the Pie Chart to select it.
• Open the Format Pane (paint roller icon).
Change Data Label Settings:
• Go to the Data Labels section in the Format pane.
• Toggle Data Labels to On.
• In the Data Label settings, change Label Style to Percent. This will show the percentage of each
department's attrition relative to the total.
• To show the Total alongside the percentages:
o Ensure that Data Labels are visible and set to Show.
o You can add a Total Label in the Title or Tooltips sections if needed for additional context.
Format the Pie Chart:
• Adjust Colors:
o Go to the Data Colors section in the Format pane.
o You can customize colors for each department by clicking on the color next to the department
name and choosing the color you prefer.
• Edit Labels:
o If you want to customize the text in the labels, you can use the Data Label formatting options
to adjust font size, color, and display units.
Finalize Your Visualization:
• Ensure your pie chart looks as expected with percentages representing the attrition rate for each
department.
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iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,
Step1: right click Age and choose new group and set bin size as 5.
Step2: Choose any bar chart drag and drop new age bin and employee count.

V) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on employee
count.
• Create a Matrix visual from the Visualizations pane.
• Drag the Job Role field to Rows.
• Drag the Job Satisfaction Rating field to Columns.
• Drag the Employee Count measure to Values.
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VI) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field Education
field wise
Attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,
Step1: Horizontal bar chart It's called the Clustered Bar Chart or Stacked Bar Chart in the visualization
pane
Choose stacked bar chart and set y axis is education filed and x axis is attrition count.

vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different Age group.
Choose donut chart and drag and drop legend as gender and value as attrition rate.
1. Select the Donut Chart from the Visualizations pane.
2. Create separate Donut Charts for different age groups.
• For each chart, filter the dataset based on age group (using the Age Group field created earlier).
3. Drag the Gender field to Legend.
4. Drag the Attrition Rate measure to Values.
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5. Repeat for each age group, ensuring each donut chart represents a different age group with gender
breakdown.
Note:
• Use Filters to dynamically adjust visuals where necessary (e.g., filter by Age Group or Education
Field).

Program 12: Analysis of Amazon Prime Dataset:

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i) Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows

ii) Create a area chart to shows by release year and type
iii) Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre
iv) Create a map to display total shows by country
v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.
vi) Build an interactive Dashboard.
Step1: Upload the Amazon CSV dataset.
Step2: Transform data and make the data ready for reporting.
As part of Transformation remove you can remove blank, null values and remove columns which
is not required for analysis.
Step3: Select close and apply.
i).Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows
• From the Visualizations pane, select the Donut chart.
• Drag the 'Type' field to the Legend section.
• Drag any suitable column (e.g., ID or Title) to Values, then set the aggregation to Count.
• Use filters to filter only movie and TV show.This will show the percentage of Movies vs TV
Shows.

ii).Create a area chart to shows by release year and type.

• Ensure your dataset contains a Release Year column and a Type column (Movies/TV Shows).
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Steps to Create Area Chart:

• Choose Area chart from the Visualizations pane.
• Drag the 'Release Year' field to the Axis section.
• Drag the 'Type' field to Legend.
• Drag the Title (or other identifying fields) to Values(Y Axis), and set the aggregation to Count.
• You’ll now see an area chart with Movies and TV Shows distributed over the years.

• Note: Use filters to filter only movies and TV show.

•

iii. Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre.

Note: Make sure you have a Genre column in your dataset.(Rename the column listed in to Genre)
Steps to Create Horizontal Bar Chart:
• From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.
• Drag the Genre column to the Axis section.
• Drag the Title (or other identifier) to Values, and set the aggregation to Count.
• In the Filters pane, filter the Top N to display the Top 10 Genres by the count of content.
• From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.
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iv. Create a map to display total shows by country.

Make sure you have a country column in your dataset.
Steps to Create a Map:
• Choose Filled Map from the Visualizations pane.
• Write a new measure to count show id
count showid = count(amazon_prime_titles[release_year]) •
Drag the Country field to the Location section.
• Check the count showed measure in the data pane.
• This will show a world map representing the total number of shows produced in each country.

v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.

• Ensure your dataset has a Description column for each movie/TV show.
• Choose Table from the visuals and check the title and description columns.
• You can add slicer to search by title to get the description.
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vi) Build an interactive Dashboard: