Unit 1
Unit 1
EXERCISE 2: VOCABULARY: Complete each guided tour extract with words from the box
Pottery watercolor helmet arrows portrait
landscape shield sketch sword
1. “And in this display cabinet we have some fragment of POTTERY dating from the 12 century,
together with a crossbow and ARROWS
2. “this is Richard II, the boy king and the earlier known …PORTRAIT…of an English King
3. Here you can compare the preliminary ….SKETCH...with the final product, a …LANDSCAPE
……….done with the… …WATERCOLOR.., which the artist preferred Instead of oil paint
4. Medieval armor was very heavy and consisted of a steel…HELMET…with a visor to protect
the head and a …SHIELD….which soldiers used to prevent them being injured by
opponent’s…SWORD……..
EXERCISE 3: PRONUNCIATION
/æ/ /ə/ /eɪ/
Arrow Canvas Armor, Safari, Popular Volcano, Portrait
Barrel Banquet Landscape
EXERCISE 5: which word in the text could be replaced by the word below?
1. Try out: sample
2. Enormous: vast
3. Narrow street; alley
4. Drink (n): beverage
5. Luxurious: opulent
6. Kept: retained
7. Food: fare
8. Trying to find: seeking out
9. Famous: renowned
EXERCISE 6: LANGUAGE FOCUS: PASSIVE: Complete the text with the correct active or
passive form of the verbs in brackets.
NEWGRANGE
The origins of Newgrange (hide)....are hidden.......... in mystery. According to Celtic legend, the kings
of Tara (bury)…were buried….? Here until the eleventh century, but Newgrange (predate)...
predated........them by over 3,000 years.
The burial chamber (build)…was built…sometime around 3200 BC but the grave (leave)….was
left....untouched by invaders down the centuries (though not by tomb robbers). The site (rediscover)…
was rediscovered....during the seventeenth century but it wasn't until the 1960s that the area
(excavate)....was excavated..
Archaeologists then (discover) …discovered… that on the winter solstice rays of the sun (enter)
….enter…the tomb and light up the burial chamber, making it the oldest solar observatory in the
world. What is remarkable is that Newgrange (design)...was designed….by people who (have)…
had…. exceptional engineering skills but neither the wheel nor metal. About 200,000 tons of stones
(transport)….were transported…12 to build the mound, or caim, which (protects)….protects...passage
grave. Larger block of stone (use) … were used …to make the circle around the cairn.
Many of the stones along the passage, the chamber and its recesses (decorate)…were decorated…..with
zigzags, spirals and other geometric patterns.
EXERCISE 7: READING: WORKING AS A GUIDE: Read the interview with Walter Alvin and
answer the questions