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Independent Samples T Test

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1 views8 pages

Independent Samples T Test

Uploaded by

muhamed
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 6: Independent samples t Test

Independent samples t Test

Introduction:

Independent sample t-test is a statistical technique that is used to analyze the mean comparison

of two independent groups. In independent samples t-test, when we take two samples from the

same population, then the mean of the two samples may be identical. But when samples are

taken from two different populations, then the mean of the sample may differ. In this case, it is

used to draw conclusions about the means of two populations, and used to tell whether or not

they are similar.

The formula of calculated t for two samples:

Definition: t-test is a type of inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significant

difference between the means of two groups (samples), which may be related in certain features

The formula of calculated t for two independent samples:

x 1−x 2
t=

√ 1
SD p ( +¿ )¿
n1
1
n2

Where:

x̄ 1=Mean of first group

x̄ 2=Mean of second group


SDp = the pooled Standard Deviation of the two groups (given)

n1= number of values (first group)

n2= number of values (second group)

3. Calculate the value of the independent sample t-test by using this formula:

4. Degree of freedom for independent sample t-test:

Where

= degree of freedom

Df=N1+N2 -2= number of observations in both samples of the independent sample t-test-2

Compare the calculated value of the independent sample t-test with the table value of the sample

t-test.

1- If the calculated value of the independent sample t-test is greater than the tabulated t

value, say that the means of the two groups are different. (the difference is significant)

2- If the calculated value of the independent sample t-test is less than the table value, then

we will say that the means of the two groups are the same. (the difference is Not

significant)
Example1: Examine the significance of the differences between students' scores in accounting

and finance courses:

Score Course
1 88 Finance
2 84 Accounting
3 79 Finance
4 85 Finance
5 89 Accounting
6 68 Finance
7 92 Accounting
8 78 Accounting
9 69 Finance
10 88 Finance
11 75 Accounting
12 95 Finance
13 83 Accounting
14 73 Accounting
15 78 Accounting
16 81 Finance
17 95 Finance
18 86 Accounting
19 80 Finance
20 78 Accounting

Insert the data into the SPSS


Then transform the data

Finance= 1

Accounting=2
Find t

T-Test

Group Statistics
Transform N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Score 1.00 10 82.8000 9.37846 2.96573
2.00 10 81.6000 6.20394 1.96186

Calculated value = .337 smaller than 2.1: Not significant

Sig. at .740 (greater than 0.05) then the difference is not significant

Degree of freedom

=N1+N2 -2 =10+10-2=18

Tabulated t value = 2.101

The calculated t value (.337) is smaller than the tabulated t value (2.101), then we will say that

the means of the two groups are the same. (The difference is not significant)
Example2: Study the significance of the differences between students' scores in accounting and

statistics courses:

Score Course
1 82 Statistics
2 89 Accounting
3 74 Statistics
4 69 Statistics
5 87 Accounting
6 68 Statistics
7 92 Accounting
8 78 Accounting
9 69 Statistics
10 76 Statistics
11 78 Accounting
12 75 Statistics
13 83 Accounting
14 73 Accounting
15 78 Accounting
16 71 Statistics
17 75 Statistics
18 86 Accounting
19 70 Statistics
20 78 Accounting

Statistics= 1

Accounting=2
Group Statistics
Transform N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Score 1.00 10 72.9000 4.33205 1.36991
2.00 10 82.2000 6.10646 1.93103

Degree of freedom

=N1+N2 -2 =10+10-2=18

Tabulated t value = 2.101

The calculated t value (3.928) is greater than the tabulated t value (2.101), say that the means of

the two groups are different. (The difference is significant)

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