Chapter 12 Outline Apush

On to Canada Over Lakes and Land:

 Because of the disagreements between the British and Americans, the
Americans decided to declare war on Britain and attempt to invade
Canada
 They launched their attack from Detriot and other spots around the
great lakes, but were rejected until they began attacking from the Sea
which was more successful. Perry captured a British fleet on Lake Erie,
 2 Major Battles were won by the Americans with the Battle of the
Thames and The Defense of Plattsburg proving to be major victiores for
the US army.

Washington Burned and New Orleans Defended:

 In 1814 the newly built capital of the US, Washington DC, was burned
to the ground by a British force attempting to capture Virginia. Soldiers
who saw the loss ended up writing the star-spangled banner
 Additionally the Future President and General Andrew Jackson was able
to save New Orleans from defeat when another Battalion of troops
descended on the city.

The Treaty of Ghent:

 With Napolean Wreaking Havoc in Europe, and British supplies and
command being distracted in the New World, other countries began to
suffer.
 Namely Russia, who because they were worried that British would lose
control of Europe if they devoted effort to the US, called together the
two nations to sign a peace treaty.
 Named the Treaty of Ghent, in December 1814, the US and British
came together and agreed to peace, with both sides ending their fight
and dividing up disputed territory.

Federalist Grievance and the Hartford Convention:

 Despite having just signed a peace treaty, a large portion of US citizens
were unhappy with the agreement and what was granted to them, so a
secret meeting was held in Connecticut to discuss the grieviences.
 The Hartford Convention demanded Financial Assistance, Constitutional
Amendments, around embargos, The abolition of slavery, presidential
terms, etc.
  These grievances were hardly heard and were thrown out to the
account of being unreasonable, which marked the end of the Federalist
party and their reign of control.

The Second War for Independence:

 The War of 1812 was crucial to America as it demonstrated to the
rest of the world that the former colonies were not to be messed
with.
 They also signed an agreement with Britian to limit the armaments
built up on the Great lakes.
 Lastly, after the war Nationalism spread like wildfire with heightened
feelings being aroused. Because of this the government decided to
increase their army in order to begin to garner more attention and
respect from foreign nations.

The American System:

 To protect American intresests and manufacturers, the US
implemented the tariff of 1816, which levied a heavy tax on British
goods. They hoped to support American manufacturing but instead
lead to no-competition
 Instead of the heavy tariffs, the American system was introduced
which, Instituted a strong banking system, placed a protective tarrif to
aid eastern manufactures and strived to develop infrastructure such as
rivers and canals.
 The infrastructure bill was shot down by Madison as it was deemed
unconstitituional and JEffreson Republican Democrats didn’t want to
spend the funds.

The So-Called Era of Good Feelings:

 With the reduction of Federalist rule since the end of the American
revolution the Federalists elected their last president with James
Madison winning the election.
 For whatever reasons the two opposing parties were able to behave
and get along during this period earning it the name the era of
good feelings.

Growing Pains of the West:

  In the Early stages of the US, 9 states joined the newlywed nation.
People were prompted to move west with assurances of cheap land
and a surplus of oppurtonites
 Because of this surge of frontiersmen to the west, the government was
tasked with building new highways and infrastructure, and removing
Indian populations
 The land act of 1820 set the price to purchase untouched acres of land
for 1.25 an acre which was extremely cheap.

Slavery and the Sectional Balance:

 The house of representatives in a unverving move, passed the
Tallmadge amendment, making it much harder for Missouri to join the
US
 They didn’t allow for slaves to enter Missouri in the hope to prevent
slavery as well as slowly emaxipating slaves
 This admendment to the constitution was shut down by southern
states with the worry it would spread to other new nations.

The Uneasy Missouri Compromise:

 Henry clay put forth a compromise that he believed would solve the
discussion on the ethics around slavery in Missouri. He declared
Missouri would become a slave state but remain would remain with
slavery abolished
 This led to an equal number of states being pro and against slavery,
with 12 of each respectively
 From then on the Missouri compromise would be a focal point of
serperation between the nations with any territories added above the
line of 36 degrees, slavery was forbidden

John Marshall and Judicial Nationalism:

 McCulloch vs Maryland was a ground breaking case that saw Maryland
try to limit federal power by taxing the banks. John Marshall deemed
the banks to be in the right, and struck down the tax that was placed
 Cohens vs. Virigina was another groundbreaking case that cemented
federal involvement with a case of illegal lottery tickets being taken to
the supreme court, showing the power it possessed.
 Gibbons vs. Ogden showed how the Federal government preceeded
state rule, by deeming New Yorks deal unjust as it created a monopoly.
Sharing Oregon and Acquiring Florida:
 The angle-american convention gave equal rights to fishing for
Americans and British in Newfounland Canada and also gave split
occupation of Oregon to both nations without fighting.
 The US also sent troops into Spanish florida claiming they were
searching for Runaways leading to the capture of 2 significant posts.
This promted the Spanish to cede Florida and Oregon to the US for
Texas.
 After Napolean was defeated, England hoped to prevent other nations
from basking in the wealth of colonialism so they asked the US to sign
a letter that told all other European nations to stay out of North and
South America

Monroe Doctrine:
 President Monroe agreed to sign the paper which stated that
imperialism was to be prohibited in North and South America, and
that Europeans wouldn’t mettel in Western Affairs. He also warned
Britian to stay out of the Hemisphere going against former alliances.
 This doctrine offended many as they were unsure why America
thought they had so much power, with such a weak and
unestablished military but Monroe more so hoped to ensure the
safety of the US and not Southern Nations.