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kr

A(A-B) (1, 2) 3
01
A(A-B)=A¤ -AB
2 3 2 3 2 3 1 3
1 27 3 4 5 ={ }{ }-{ }{ }
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1
6 7
7 12 5 9 2 3
={ }-{ }={ }
4 7 3 5 1 2
0 -1 4
1 A={
3 2 -2
}

A (1, 2) a=-1, (2, 1) b=3 1 0 0 -1 0 -1

6 AB={ }{
0 2 1 0
}={
2 0
}
2a+b=2¥(-1)+3=1
0 -1 1 0 0 -2
BA={ }{ }={ }
1 0 0 2 1 0
0 -1 0 -2
a-1 2 3 2c AB-BA={ }-{ }
2 {
3 b+2
}={
d+1 2
} 2 0 1 0
0 1
a-1=3, 2c=2, d+1=3, b+2=2 ={ }
1 0
a=4, b=0, c=1, d=2
AB-BA
a+b+c+d=4+0+1+2=7
0+1+1+0=2
7

AB-BA+O AB+BA
a b
3 A={
c d
} a+b+c+d=8

2(X+A)=3A, 2X+2A=3A
1 2 a b 0 0
1 1 a b 7 AB=O { }{ }={ }
X= A= { } 0 0 -1 2 0 0
2 2 c d
a-2 b+4 0 0
X { }={ }
0 0 0 0
1 1
(a+b+c+d)= ¥8=4 a-2=0, b+4=0 a=2, b=-4
2 2
a+b=2+(-4)=-2

2 -1 1 2¥1+(-1)¥2 0 A+O, B+O AB=O

4 AB={
1
} { }={
0 2 1¥1+0¥2
}={ }
1
AB
0_1=0

2 3 2 3 1 3
5 A(A-B)={
1 2
}[{
1 2
}-{
1 1
}]
1 2 3 4 5
2 3 1 0 2 3
={ }{ }={ } 6 7
1 2 0 1 1 2

5
1 2⁄ _3⁄ =6 5 1 a¡¡=1
2⁄ _3¤ =18 5 3 a¡™=3 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 1 0
A¤ -2AB={ }{ }-2{ }[ { }]
2¤ _3⁄ =12 5 2 a™¡=2 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 1 1
2¤ _3¤ =36 5 1 a™™=1 4 0 2 0 2 0
={ }-{ }={ }
a¡¡ a¡™ 1 3 5 9 4 3 1 6
A={ }={ }
a™¡ a™™ 2 1
A 2 -1
4 A={
0 -2
}
1+3+2+1=7
2 -1 2 -1 4 0
A¤ ={ }{ }={ }
0 -2 0 -2 0 4

2 y y=2x+2 1
A¤ + X=A
2
2
HjK
1 2 -1 4 0 -2 -1
X=A-A¤ ={ }-{ }={ }
y=x+1
2 0 -2 0 4 0 -6
1
HjK X=2{
-2 -1
}
0 -6
-1
O x X
2{(-2)+(-1)+0+(-6)}=-18
a¡¡ y=x+1 x , y

1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
¥1¥1=
2 2 5 A¤ =[ {
2 3 3
}] = { }{
4 3 3 3 3
}
1 a
a¡¡= = a=2 1 4 4 1 1
2 4 = { }={ }=2A,
4 12 12 3 3
a™™ y=2x+2 x , y
A‹ =A¤ A=(2A)A=2A¤ =2(2A)=2¤ A,
A› =A‹ A=(2¤ A)A=2¤ A¤ =2¤ (2A)=2‹ A,
1
¥1¥2=1
2
b 1 1 1 1 1
a™™=1= b=4 A⁄ ‚ ‚ =2· · A=2· · [ { }]=2· ° { }
4 2 3 3 3 3
a+b=2+4=6 A⁄ ‚ ‚
2· ° (1+1+3+3)=2· ° ¥2‹ =2⁄ ‚ ⁄

3 A¤ -2AB=A¤ -A(2B)=A(A-2B)
2 0 2 0 1 0 6 AB=2E B=2E-A
={ }[{ }-{ }]
1 3 1 3 1 1 A(2E-A)=2E A¤ =2A-2E
2 0 1 0 A‹ =A¤ A=(2A-2E)A
={ }{ }
1 3 0 2 =2A¤ -2A
2 0 =2(2A-2E)-2A
={ }
1 6 =2A-4E
A¤ -2AB (2, 1) 1 A‹ =2A-4E

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7 A=2B+3E, AB=O 1 0
2 A={
3 1
}
BA=B(2B+3E)=2B¤ +3B=(2B+3E)B
=AB=O 1 0 1 0 1 0
A¤ ={ }{ }={ },
BA=O 3 1 3 1 6 1
a b 1 0 1 0 1 0
A={ } A‹ =A¤ A={ }{ }={ },
c d 6 1 3 1 9 1
3 2 a b 3 2 3(a+b) 2(a+b)
A{ }={ }{ }={ }
3 2 c d 3 2 3(c+d) 2(c+d) 1 0
A« ={ } (n=1, 2, 3, y)
3(a+b)+2(a+b)+3(c+d)+2(c+d)=15 3n 1
a+b+c+d=3 1 0 1 0
A° ={ }={ } a=24
A 3 24 1 a 1

AB=BA=O A-2B=3E A 24
A¤ =3A
A‹ =A¤ A=(3A)A=3A¤ =3(3A)=9A 3 A¤ +A‹ =-3A-3E
A‹ 9¥3=27 A› +Afi =A¤ (A¤ +A‹ )=A¤ (-3A-3E)
=-3(A‹ +A¤ )=-3(-3A-3E)
=9A+9E
A 0 , E
2 9A+9E
9_0+9_2=18
A› +Afi 18
18

1 2 24 3 18

1 -1 1 1
1 A+B={
1 1
}+{
-1 1
}
1 2 3 4
2 0
={ }=2E
0 2
1 1
1 3A+B={
0 2
} yy`

2 -2 1 0
A(A+B)=A(2E)=2A={ } A+3B={ yy`
2 2 -1 1
}

A(A+B) +
2+(-2)+2+2=4 2 1
4A+4B=4(A+B)={ }
-1 3
1 2 1
A+B= { }
A(A+B)=A¤ +AB 4 -1 3
1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 A+B
={ }{ }+{ }{ }
1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 5
{2+1+(-1)+3}=
0 -2 2 0 2 -2 4 4
={ }+{ }={ }
2 0 0 2 2 2

7
 1 1 1 2 1 0 3 1 1 3 1
2 2B-A=2{
1 0
}-{
2 -1
}={
0 1
}=E 1 2A={
0 2
} A= {
2 0 2
}

X+A¤ =(2B-A)B 1 0
A-B={ }
X=(2B-A)B-A¤ 0 1
=EB-A¤ =B-A¤ 1 0 1 3 1 1 0 1 1 1
B=A-{ }= { }-{ }= { }
1 1 1 2 1 2 0 1 2 0 2 0 1 2 0 0
={ }-{ }{ }
1 0 2 -1 2 -1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A¤ -B¤ =[ { }][ { }]-[ { }][ { }]
1 1 5 0 -4 1 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 2 0 0
={ }-{ }={ }
1 0 0 5 1 -5 1 9 5 1 1 1 2 1
= { }- { }={ }
X (1, 1) -4 4 0 4 4 0 0 0 1
A¤ -B¤
2+1+0+1=4
3 A¤ -BA+AB-B¤ =(A-B)A+(A-B)B
=(A-B)(A+B)
2 3 1 0 5 6 3 1 1 0 2 1
={ }{ }={ } A+B=2A-(A-B)={
0 1 1 2 1 2 0 2
}-{
0 1
}={
0 1
}

, A-B=E
5+6+1+2=14 AB=A(A-E)=A¤ -A=(A-E)A=BA

A¤ -B¤ =(A+B)(A-B)=(A+B)E
-1 -3 -1 -3 -2 -3
4 A¤ ={ }{ }={ }, 2 1
1 2 1 2 1 1 =A+B={ }
0 1
-2 -3 -1 -3 -1 0
A‹ =A¤ A={ }{ }={ }=-E,
1 1 1 2 0 -1
1 0 1 -1
A› =A‹ A=(-E)A=-A, 2 A={
2 1
}, B={
0 1
}
Afi =A‹ A¤ =(-E)A¤ =-A¤ ,
1 0 1 -1 1 -1
Afl =(A‹ )¤ =(-E)¤ =E, AB={ }{ }={ }
2 1 0 1 2 -1
A‡ =Afl A=EA=A,
1 -1 * -1 2
(AB)*={ } ={ }
2 -1 -1 1
n
1 2 1 0
Afl « —fi =A, Afl « —› =A¤ , Afl « —‹ =-E, Afl « —¤ =-A, A*={ }, B*={ }
0 1 -1 1
Afl « —⁄ =-A¤ , Afl « =E
1 2 1 0 -1 2
A¤ ‚ ⁄ ‹ =(Afl )‹ ‹ fi A‹ =E(-E)=-E A*B*={ }{ }={ }
0 1 -1 1 -1 1
(AB)*=A*B* (AB)*-A*B*=O
0

3 A+B=2E B=2E-A
AB=A(2E-A)=2A-A¤ =O yy`
1 2 3 4 16
, A¤ =2A

8
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A‹ =A¤ A=(2A)A=2A¤ =2(2A)=2¤ A=4A A¤ « =2« E, A2n-1=2n-1A n

BA=(2E-A)A=2A-A¤ =O yy` 2fi ‚ 0
A⁄ ‚ ‚ =A2¥50=2fi ‚ E={ } S¡ºº=2_2fi ‚
AB=BA=O 0 2fi ‚
3BA¤ =3(BA)A=3OA=O 2fi fi 2fi fi
A⁄ ⁄ ⁄ =A2¥56-1=2fi fi A={ } S¡¡¡=2_2fi fi
(A+3B)A¤ =A‹ +3BA¤ =4A+O=4A 2fi fi -2fi fi
S¡¡¡ 2_2fi fi
= =2fi =32
S¡ºº 2_2fi ‚
A+B=kE(k ) AB=BA
32

1 1 1 1 0 1
4 A¤ ={ }{
-1 0 -1 0
}={
-1 -1
},
2 A¤ =E

0 1 1 1 -1 0 (A-E)¤ =A¤ -2A+E=E-2A+E

A‹ =A¤ A={ }{ }={ }=-E,
-1 -1 -1 0 0 -1 =-2A+2E=-2(A-E),
-1 -1 (A-E)‹ =(A-E)¤ (A-E)=-2(A-E)(A-E)
A› =A‹ A=(-E)A=-A={ },
1 0 =-2(A-E)¤ =(-2)¤ (A-E),
0 -1 (A-E)› =(A-E)‹ (A-E)=(-2)¤ (A-E)(A-E)
Afi =A‹ A¤ =(-E)A¤ =-A¤ ={ },
1 1 =(-2)¤ (A-E)¤ =(-2)‹ (A-E),
1 0
Afl =(A‹ )¤ =(-E)¤ =E={ },
0 1 (A-E)¤ ‚ ⁄ ‹ =(-2)¤ ‚ ⁄ ¤ (A-E)=2¤ ‚ ⁄ ¤ (A-E)
A‡ =Afl A=EA=A, A 1
E 2 A-E
100 n A« 1-2=-1
2 Afl , A⁄ ¤ , A⁄ ° , y, A· fl , (A-E)¤ ‚ ⁄ ‹ -2¤ ‚ ⁄ ¤
n=6k(k=1, 2, 3, y, 16) A«
2 100 n 16
16 3 P¤ P=PP¤ P¤ <S
A<S, B<S AP=PA, BP=PB
(AB)P=A(BP)=A(PB)
=(AP)B=(PA)B=P(AB)
AB<S
a b
A<S A={ }
1 32 2 3 c d
a b 1 2 1 2 a b
{ }{ }={ }{ }
1 1 c d 0 1 0 1 c d
1 A={
1 -1
}
a 2a+b a+2c b+2d
{ }={ }
1 1 1 1 2 0 c 2c+d c d
A¤ ={ }{ }={ }=2E
1 -1 1 -1 0 2 a=a+2c, 2a+b=b+2d, 2c+d=d
A‹ =A¤ A=(2E)A=2A, a=d, c=0
A› =A‹ A=(2A)A=2A¤ =2(2E)=2¤ E, A 0
Afi =A› A=(2¤ E)A=2¤ A,

9
 X
02 4+(-3)+(-2)+2=1

5 -2x+y=3 HjK 2x-y=-3

1 2 3 4 5
HjK [
3x+2y=1 3x+2y=1
6 13 7 8 [
-2x+y=3 2x-y=-3

HjK {
3 2 x 1
a 3 2 3 }{ }={
2 -1 y -3
}
1 {
1 b
} {
1 1
}

HjK {
a 2 x 1
a 3 2 3 2a+3 3a+3 1 0 }{ }={
2 b y -3
}
{ }{ }={ }={ }
1 b 1 1 b+2 b+3 0 1
a=3, b=-1
HjK a=-1, b=-2
a+b=3+(-1)=2
a+b=-1+(-2)=-3

2 1 a b 1 0
2 6 { }{
7 4 c d
}={
0 1
}

a¥a-(b-1)(1-b)=0 a b -1 2 1
{ } ={ }
a¤ +(b-1)¤ =0 c d 7 4
a=0, b=1 a, b a b x 2
{ }{ }={ }
a¤ +b¤ =0¤ +1¤ =1 c d y -1

HjK { }={
x a b -1 2 2 1 2 3
} { }={ }{ }={ }
y c d -1 7 4 -1 10
3 (BA)—⁄ B=(A—⁄ B—⁄ )B a=3, b=10
=A—⁄ (B—⁄ B) a+b=3+10=13
=A—⁄ E=A—⁄ 13
1 2
A={ }
0 1 k 2 x 1
7 { } { }={ }
1 k-1 y k
1 2 -1
1 1 -2 1 -2
A—⁄ ={ } = { }={ }
0 1 1¥1-2¥0 0 1 0 1 k(k-1)-2¥1=0, k¤ -k-2=0
(BA)—⁄ B (k+1)(k-2)=0 k=-1 k=2
1+(-2)+0+1=0 ⁄ k=-1
-1 2 x 1 -1 2 1
{ }{ }={ } = =
1 -2 y -1 1 -2 -1

1 1
4 A={
1 2
}
¤ k=2
AX=B HjK X=A—⁄ B 2 2 x 1 2 2 1
{ }{ }={ } = +
1 1 y 2 1 1 2
1 1 —⁄ 2 -1
X={ } { }
1 2 0 1
2 -1 2 -1 4 -3 ⁄ ¤ k 2
={ }{ }={ }
-1 1 0 1 -2 2

10
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t-1 1 x 0 x+1 2kx+3

8 x, y {
1
}{ }={ }
t-1 y 0
4 x {
-1 x+1
}

x=0, y=0
(t-1)¤ -1¥1=0 (x+1)(x+1)-(2kx+3)(-1)+0
t¤ -2t=0 x¤ +2(k+1)x+4+0
D>0 x¤ +2(k+1)x+4=0 D
t 2 x x¤ +2(k+1)x+4+0
D
=(k+1)¤ -4<0
4
k¤ +2k-3<0, (k+3)(k-1)<0 -3<k<1
k -2, -1, 0 k

-2+(-1)+0=-3
1 2 3 4 5
6 10 7 83 9

5 A¤ -2A=E HjK (A-2E)A=E

1 A A-E
AX=A+E A-2E
A(A-E)=E, A¤ -A=E
(A-2E)AX=(A-2E)(A+E)
A¤ =A+E
EX=A¤ -A-2E
X=(2A+E)-A-2E A¤ =2A+E
=A-E
2 A A+2E
A(A+2E)=E HjK A¤ +2A=E
HjK A¤ +A=E-A
} HjK A—⁄ B={
2 -1 —⁄ 2 1
A¤ +A E-A 6 (B—⁄ A)—⁄ ={
-3 2 3 2
}
E, A 2, 3 AX=B+A A—⁄
X=A—⁄ (B+A)=A—⁄ B+E
2-3=-1
2 1 1 0 3 1
X={ }+{ }={ }
3 2 0 1 3 3
X
3 A 3+1+3+3=10
a¥a-(-b)(b-2)=0, a¤ +b¤ -2b=0 10
a¤ +(b-1)¤ =1 b

P(a, b) (0, 1) 2
7 2AB-A¤ =O A(2B-A)=O
1 P A—⁄ 2B-A=O, A=2B
1
AB=(2B)B=2B¤ , BA=B(2B)=2B¤
OP” ¤ =a¤ +b¤ 0…OP”…2 AB=BA
O a
0…OP” ¤ …4
0…a¤ +b¤ …4 2AB-A¤ =E yy`
a¤ +b¤ 4 A(2B-A)=E
(2B-A)A=E

11
 2BA-A¤ =E yy` ⁄ a=1 0¥t+-10
- 2AB-2BA=O ¤ a=2 0¥t+-5
AB=BA 5(a-3)
‹ a+1, a+2 t=
(a-1)(a-2)

2AB-A¤ =B yy` ⁄, ¤, ‹ a a=1 a=2

B—⁄ a 1+2=3

2A-A¤ B—⁄ =E 3

A(2E-AB—⁄ )=E
(2E-AB—⁄ )A=E, 2A-AB—⁄ A=E a-3 b+1 x y
9 {
-b+1 a
}{ }={
y x-y
}
A(2E-B—⁄ A)=E
HjK {
(2E-B—⁄ A)A=E, 2A-B—⁄ A¤ =E a-3 b+1 x 0 1 x
}{ }={ }{ }
-b+1 a y 1 -1 y
2A-B—⁄ A¤ =E B
HjK [{
a-3 b+1 0 1 x 0
2BA-A¤ =B yy` }-{ }]{ }={ }
-b+1 a 1 -1 y 0
- 2AB-2BA=O
a-3 b x 0
AB=BA { } { }={ } yy`
-b a+1 y 0
x=0, y=0
AB=BA
(a-3)(a+1)-b¥(-b)=0
(a-1)¤ +b¤ =4
P(a, b) (1, 0)
2
A(2E-AB—⁄ )=E (2E-AB—⁄ )A=E
P(a, b)
2A-AB—⁄ A=E
2p_2=4p
A(2E-B—⁄ A)=E
2E-AB—⁄ 2E-B—⁄ A A

2E-AB—⁄ =2E-B—⁄ A
AB—⁄ =B—⁄ A
B
BAB—⁄ B=BB—⁄ AB BA=AB 1 2 3

1 -2
1 A={ }
8 t 0 1
5 (a-1)t 1 1 2 1 2
{ } A—⁄ = { }={ }
a-2 a-3 1¥1-(-2)¥0 0 1 0 1
A—⁄
5¥(a-3)-(a-1)t¥(a-2)+0 1+2+0+1=4
(a-1)(a-2)t+5(a-3)
t
(a-1)(a-2)t=5(a-3) yy` a+1 a x -4
2 { }{ }={
1 1 y 1
} (a+1)¥1-a¥1=1+0

12
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x a+1 a —⁄ -4 1 A (i, j) a‘Δ y=ix-j

{ }={ } { }
y 1 1 1 x=2 y
1 -a -4 -4-a y=x-1, x=2 y=1 a¡¡=1
={ }{ }={ }
-1 a+1 1 a+5 y=x-2, x=2 y=0 a¡™=0
y=2x-1, x=2 y=3 a™¡=3
x=-4-a, y=a+5 x+2y-4a=0 y=2x-2, x=2 y=2 a™™=2
1 0
A={ }
(-4-a)+2(a+5)-4a=0 3 2
3a-6=0 a=2 1 0 —⁄ 1 2 0
A—⁄ ={ } = { }
3 2 2 -3 1
A—⁄
p p ap bp 1
3 A=(a b), P={ } PA={ }(a b)={ {2+0+(-3)+1}=0
q q aq bq
} 2

(ap)¥(bq)-(bp)¥(aq)=0 PA
2 A+A—⁄ =-E A
A¤ +A+E=O yy`
S B B=(c d)
A-E
p cp dp
PB={ }(c d)={ } (A-E)(A¤ +A+E)=O HjK A‹ =E yy`
q cq dq
A¤ =-A-E yy`
PA=PB
ap=cp, bp=dp, aq=cq, bq=dq
(A+E)‹ =A‹ +3A¤ +3A+E
p+0, q+0
=E+3(-A-E)+3A+E=-E
a=c, b=d
(A+E)‹ -2
A=B
1 1 ap bp 1 1
PA{ }={ } { } { }={ }
1 1 aq bq 1 1
1 -2
ap+bp=(a+b)p=1, aq+bq=(a+b)q=1 3 A={
-1 a
}
a+b+0
1¥a-(-2)¥(-1)=0
1 1
p= , q= a-2=0 a=2
a+b a+b
AX-X=2A
1 1 p 1 1
PA{ }={ } P={ }= { } (A-E)X=2A yy`
1 1 q a+b 1
1 -2 1 0 0 -2
, A-E={ }-{ }={ }
-1 2 0 1 -1 1
0 -2 —⁄ 1 1 2
(A-E)—⁄ ={ } =- { }
-1 1 2 1 0
(A-E)—⁄
X=2(A-E)—⁄ A
1 1 2 1 -2 1 -2
=2[- { }]{ }={ }
2 1 0 -1 2 -1 2
1 2 3 4 10 5
X

13
b=1+(-2)+(-1)+2=0 1 A=A—⁄ A¤ =E
a+b=2+0=2 a b a b a¤ +bc ab 1 0
A¤ ={ }{ }={ }={ }
c 0 c 0 ac bc 0 1
bc=1
HjK {
2x+y=5 2 1 x 5
4 [ }{ }={ } b=1, c=1 b, c yy`
3x+y=3 3 1 y 3
a¤ +bc=1 a¤ =0 a=0 yy`
HjK { }={
x 2 1 —⁄ 5
} { } 0 1
y 3 1 3 A={ }
1 0
HjK { }={
x -1 1 5
}{ } A
y 3 -2 3
0+1+1+0=2
HjK { }={
x -1 a 5
}{ }
y b -2 3
a=1, b=3
a¤ +b¤ =1¤ +3¤ =10 a b -1 0 ;c!;
A—⁄ ={ } =ª º bc+0
10 c 0 ;b!; -;bÅc;

1 1 1 1 1 2 0
5 A¤ ={ a b ;c!;
}= ª º
}{ }={ },
0 1 0 1 0 1 A=A—⁄ {
c 0 ;b!; -;bÅc;
1 2 1 1 1 3
A‹ =A¤ A={ }{ }={ },
0 1 0 1 0 1 a=0, bc=1 b=c=1 b, c
1 3 1 1 1 4 0 1
A› =A‹ A={ }{ }={ }, A={ }
0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0

A« ={
1 n
} (n=1, 2, 3, y)
2 A· ° (A—⁄ )· ° A⁄ ‚ ‚ +A· ° =O
0 1
x 1 A¤ +E=O A¤ =-E
A¤ ‚ ⁄ ‹ { }={ }
y 2 -2 a -2 a 4-a -2a+ab
{ }{ }={ }
HjK {
1 2013 x 1 -1 b -1 b 2-b b¤ -a
}{ }={ }
0 1 y 2 -1 0
={ }
HjK { }={
x 1 2013 —⁄ 1 1 -2013 1 -4025 0 -1
} { }={ }{ }={ }
y 0 1 2 0 1 2 2 4-a=-1, 2-b=0 a=5, b=2
a=-4025, b=2 a+b=5+2=7
a+b=-4025+2=-4023

0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
3 P={
1 0
} P¤ ={ }{
1 0 1 0
}={
0 1
}=E

P‹ =P¤ P=EP=P, Pfi =(P¤ )¤ P=E¤ P=P

P‹ A=A—⁄ Pfi HjK PA=A—⁄ P

1 2 3 4 5 HjK PAP—⁄ =A—⁄

6 36 7 8 0 1 —⁄ 0 1
P—⁄ ={ } ={ },
1 0 1 0

14
 www.ebsi.co.kr

a b —⁄ 1 2 -b ax+by=3
A—⁄ ={
1 2
} =
2a-b
{
-1 a
} 6 x=1, y=1 [
cx+dy=0
0 1 a b 0 1 1 2 -b a+b=3, c+d=0
{ }{ }{ }= { }
1 0 1 2 1 0 2a-b -1 a x 2
A—⁄ { }={ } x=a, y=b
y 2
HjK {
2 1 1 2 -b
}= { }
b a 2a-b -1 a a 2
A—⁄ { }={ }
2a-b=1, b=-1 a=0 b 2
a+b=0+(-1)=-1 a 2 a b 2 2(a+b) 2¥3 6
{ }=A{ }={ }{ }={ }={ }={ }
b 2 c d 2 2(c+d) 2¥0 0
a=6, b=0
4 AB=BA a¤ +b¤ =6¤ +0¤ =36
(BAB—⁄ )¤ =(ABB—⁄ )¤ =(AE)¤ =A¤ 36
(BAB—⁄ )¤ =A¤
AB=BA A—⁄ a b x 3
B=A—⁄ BA x=1, y=1 { }{ }={ }
c d y 0
B=A—⁄ BA A—⁄
A{ }={ } HjK 2A{ }=2{ } HjK A{ }={ }
1 3 1 3 2 6
BA—⁄ =A—⁄ B A—⁄ B=BA—⁄ 1 0 1 0 2 0
A(B+B—⁄ )A—⁄ x 2
A—⁄ { }={ } x=a, y=b
=(AB+AB—⁄ )A—⁄ y 2
=(BA+B—⁄ A)A—⁄
A—⁄ { }={ } HjK { }=A{ }={ }
a 2 a 2 6
(A—⁄ B)—⁄ =(BA—⁄ )—⁄ HjK B—⁄ A=AB—⁄ b 2 b 2 0
=(B+B—⁄ )AA—⁄ a=6, b=0
=B+B—⁄
B=E AB=BA 7
a b
A(B+B—⁄ )A—⁄ =B+B—⁄ =2E+E { }
c d

} HjK { }={
a b x 2 x a b —⁄ 2
{ }{ }={ } { } yy`
c d y -1 y c d -1
a b —⁄
5 l, m (1, 2) {
c d
}
a b 2 0 —⁄ 0 1 —⁄
[{ }{ }] ={ }
c d 1 2 1 0
2 0 —⁄ a b —⁄ 0 1
} { }={ } HjK { }={
a b 1 p 1 a b —⁄ p
{ } { } yy` { } { } ={ }
c d 2 q 2 c d q 1 2 c d 1 0
a b —⁄ 2 0 0 1 0 2
{ } ={ }{ }={ } yy`
c d 1 2 1 0 2 1
}={ } HjK {
a b -2a p -2a a b —⁄ p
{ }{ }={ } { } yy`
c d 3b q 3b c d q
-2a 1 1 2 x 0 2 2 -2
{ }={ } a=- , b= { }={ }{ }={ }
3b 2 2 3 y 2 1 -1 3

1 2 1 a=-2, b=3
a+b={- }+ =
2 3 6 a+b=-2+3=1

15
 A 0
2 cos ;3N;p 1+3 cos ;3N;p
8 A«=ª º A‹ =O A› =O
1 1+cos ;3N;p A› -E=-E
n n n HjK (A¤ +E)(A¤ -E)=-E
K={2 cos p}{1+cos p}-{1+3 cos p}¥1
3 3 3 HjK (A¤ +E)(E-A¤ )=E
n n (A¤ +E)—⁄ =E-A¤
=2 cos¤ p-cos p-1
3 3
A¤ +E
n n
={2 cos p+1}{cos p-1} (A¤ +2A+2E)(A¤ -2A+2E)
3 3
=(A¤ +2E+2A)(A¤ +2E-2A)
=(A¤ +2E)¤ -(2A)¤
-1 -;2!; 2 4 =(A› +4A¤ +4E)-4A¤
K=0 ªA«=ª º A«={ }º
1 2 =A› +4E=4E A› =O
1 ;2!;
1
x 1 A¤ +2A+2E (A¤ -2A+2E)
A«{ }={ } 4
y 0

K+0 A«

⁄ K=0
n 1 n 2 A‹ =B¤ =E
cos p=- cos p=1
3 2 3 A—⁄ =A¤ , B—⁄ =B yy`
n 1 (AB—⁄ )—⁄ =(B—⁄ )—⁄ A—⁄ =BA—⁄
cos p=- f(2)=f(4)=f(8)=f(10)=0
3 2
1 -1 '3
{ }B=BA—⁄ yy`
n 2 -'3 -1
cos p=1 f(6)=0
3
B—⁄
f(2)=f(4)=f(6)=f(8)=f(10)=0
1 -1 '3
¤ K+0 BA—⁄ B—⁄ = { }
2 -'3 -1
n 1 n
HjK B—⁄ A¤ B=
cos p+- cos p+1 1 -1 '3
3 2 3 { }
2 -'3 -1
f(1)=f(3)=f(5)=f(7)=f(9)=1
A¤ ‚ ‚ =(A‹ )fl fl A¤ =EA¤ =A¤
⁄, ¤ f(1)+f(2)+f(3)+y+f(10)=5
1 -1 '3
B—⁄ A¤ ‚ ‚ B=B—⁄ A¤ B= { }
2 -'3 -1
B—⁄ A¤ ‚ ‚ B
1
{(-1)+'3+(-'3)+(-1)}=-1
2

1 2 3
3 A¤ -A+2E=O B
A¤ B-AB+2B=O
AB=2E
0 1
1 A={
0 0
} A¤ =O, A‹ =O A¤ B=A(AB)=A(2E)=2A

16
 www.ebsi.co.kr

A¤ B-AB+2B=O HjK 2A-2E+2B=O

A+B=E 03
A¤ -A+2E=O B¤
A¤ B¤ -AB¤ +2B¤ =O
AB=2E
1 2 14
A¤ B¤ =AABB=A(2E)B=2AB=2(2E)=4E,
AB¤ =(AB)B=(2E)B=2B
1 {A, B, C, D} a=4
A¤ B¤ -AB¤ +2B¤ =O HjK 4E-2B+2B¤ =O
{AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD} b=6
HjK B¤ -B+2E=O
a+b=4+6=10
B¤ =B-2E
AB=2E AB=BA

2 7
A¤ +B¤ =(A+B)¤ -2AB=E¤ -2¥2E
1 7 2 14
=E-4E=-3E
14
A‹ +B‹ =(A+B)‹ -3AB(A+B)=E‹ -3(2E)E
=E-6E=-5E
A› +B› =(A¤ +B¤ )¤ -2A¤ B¤ =(-3E)¤ -2(AB)¤
=9E-2(2E)¤ =9E-8E=E
A‡ +B‡ =(A‹ +B‹ )(A› +B› )-A‹ B‹ (A+B)
=(-5E)E-(AB)‹ (A+B)
=-5E-(2E)‹ E
1 23 3 4
=-5E-8E=-13E

1 A B
A
3
C ABEC,
A¤ -A+2E=O A¤ =A-2E C
ABDC, AEBC 3 E
A‹ =A¤ A=(A-2E)A=A¤ -2A
=(A-2E)-2A=-A-2E D

A› =A‹ A=(-A-2E)A=-A¤ -2A

=-(A-2E)-2A=-3A+2E
A‡ =A‹ A› =(-A-2E)(-3A+2E) 2 P+Q, P-Q

=3A¤ +4A-4E=3(A-2E)+4A-4E 0 2 0 0 2
2 0 2 2 2
=7A-10E
2P= · 0 2 0 0 2 ‚
B¤ =B-2E
0 2 0 0 2
B‡ =7B-10E 2 2 2 2 0
A‡ +B‡ =7A-10E+7B-10E
0 1 0 0 1
=7(A+B)-20E 1 0 1 1 1
=7E-20E=-13E P= · 0 1 0 0 1 ‚
0 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 0

17
 P A

5
B E
B 2_5=10

C D
E 2 2 6 8
BAE, BCE, BDE 3 6_6
3 1 2_8=16
0 36-16=20
3 M¤

4 2, 3, 1, 2 3 G M 5_5
a+b+c+d=8 a=5
M 18 b=9
a+b=5+9=14
4 14

0 1 0 a 0 1 0 0 G M G
P= ª º=ª 0 º
1 0 1 b 1 0 1 1
0 c 0 1 1 0 1
0 1 d 0 0 1 1 0 A B C D E A
A 0 1 1 1 1
P¤ (i, i) i
B 1 0 1 1 1 E

ª º
B
C 1 1 0 1 0
a¡¡+a™™+a££+a¢¢=1+3+2+2=8 D 1 1 1 0 1 D
E 1 1 0 1 0 C
a=5, b=9
a+b=5+9=14

1 2 3 14

1 2 3 4
1 A, B, C, D, E

1
1 3+4+3+1+3+2
A B C D E =8
A E D 2 2
A 0 1 0 0 0
B 1 0 1 0 1
C ·0 1 0 1 1 ‚
D 0 0 1 0 0 2
B C E 0 1 1 0 0 3
10 4

18
 www.ebsi.co.kr

3 1
2 1
11 (1 1 0 1 0) ª º =3
0
1
22
0
3
i=3, j=5, k=3
4 A D
i+j+k=3+5+3=11
A
11
M¤ (5, 3)
B B C
1 AB y`1
2 ACB, ADB y`2 3
0 1
3 ADCB, ACDB y`2
5
a=1, b=1, c=0, d=1 B

7 A D
2
A D E C

B 5 B
BAECDB, BDCEAB
1 2 11 3

1 2 3

1 M¤
M¤ (i, i) i

M i i

M 2 M¤ (2, 2)
p=4
M 3 M¤ (3, 3)
q=1
2 C E p-q=4-1=3
M¤ (3, 5)

19
2 6
04
1 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
2 1, 4, 6
3 1, 6
13 2 3 49
4 1, 2
5 1
1 3 › '3, -› '3 2
6 1, 2, 3
m=2
G
-5 ‹ '∂-5
A¡
n=1
m+n=2+1=3
3
A™ A§

A∞
2 ‹ '4_‹ '1å6=‹ 'ƒ4_16=‹ "√4_4¤
A¢ =‹ "≈4‹ =4
A£

A¡ 2 A§
A¡A™A§, A¡A£A§ 2
3 2_8 =2_(2‹ ) =2_2 =21+{-;2!;}=2 ='2
-;6!; -;6!; -;2!; ;2!;

3 B F A
4 27å =(3‹ )å =(3å )‹ =2‹ =8
2 F
1
B B 9—å =(3¤ )—å =(3å )—¤ =2—¤ =
4
E
F 1
27å +4¥9—å =8+4¥ =8+1=9
a=0 4
C
D
M¤ (5, 5) 2 9
E 2 M
5 2 b=1
B 3 c=3
C 1 d=1
F 1 e=1
a+b+c+d+e=0+1+3+1+1=6 15 2 3 24 4 5
6 40 7 8

1 æ≠ fl "≈a‡ _4æ≠ 'a = ø∑fl "≈a‡ _ › "ç'a

› 'a ‹"≈a¤ "ç› 'a › øπ‹ "≈a¤
⁄ ¤ "≈a‡ ° 'a
= _
° 'a ⁄ ¤ "≈a¤
⁄ ¤ "≈a‡ 12 a‡
= = æ– =⁄ ¤ "≈afi
⁄ ¤ "≈a¤ a¤

20
 www.ebsi.co.kr

n=5 A, B, C
5 A<C<B

2 a=-2, b=-3
'∂-2'∂-3='2i'3i=-'2'3=-'6 A, B, C
+"√(-2)¥(-3) A="√2 ‹ '4=2 ¥4 =(2fl ¥4¤ ) =1024
;2!; ;6!; ;1¡2; ;1¡2;

n a>0 a n « 'a B=‹ "√4 › '5=4 ¥5 =(4› ¥5) =1280

;3!; ;1¡2; ;1¡2; ;1¡2;

-« 'a C="ç‹ '3å3=33 =(33¤ ) =1089

;6!; ;1¡2; ;1¡2;

n a<0 -« 'a=« '∂-a 1024<1089<1280 A<C<B

« 'a=-« '∂-a

6 A=‹ '4, B="ç'6=› '6, C=‹ "ç'1å5=fl '1å5

3, 4, 6 12 12
A⁄ ¤ =(‹ '4)⁄ ¤ =4› =2° =256
-;2#; -;2#;
3 4 =(2¤ ) =2—‹ B⁄ ¤ =(› '6)⁄ ¤ =6‹ =216
27 =(3‹ ) =3
;3!; ;3!;
C⁄ ¤ =(fl '1å5)⁄ ¤ =15¤ =225
-;2#; -;2#;
"√16—‹ =16 =(2› ) =2—fl B⁄ ¤ <C⁄ ¤ <A⁄ ¤
-;2#;
4 _27 ÷"√16—‹ =2—‹ _3÷2—fl
;3!;
A, B, C
=2—‹ _3_2fl B<C<A
=3_2‹ =24 M=‹ '4, m="≈ç'6
24 M⁄ ¤ -m⁄ ¤ =256-216=40
40

1 ∫
4 {
3
} =d 3—∫ =d
7 (x-x—⁄ )¤ =(x+x—⁄ )¤ -4
1 =3¤ -4=5
3∫ =
d
x>1 0<x—⁄ <1 x-x—⁄ >0
1 a-2b
{ } =(3—¤ )a-2b=3-2a+4b x-x—⁄ ='5
9
=3—¤ å _3› ∫ =(3å )—¤ _(3∫ )› x¤ -x—¤ =(x+x—⁄ )(x-x—⁄ )
=3'5
1 4
=c—¤ _{ }
d
1
=
c¤ d›
8 4≈ +4—≈ =(2≈ )¤ +(2—≈ )¤
=(2≈ +2—≈ )¤ -2¥2≈ ¥2—≈
=4¤ -2=14
5 A='2 fl '4, B=‹ '4 ⁄ ¤ '5, C=fl '3å3 2, 3, 6, 12 8≈ +8—≈ =(2≈ )‹ +(2—≈ )‹
12 A, B, C 12 =(2≈ +2—≈ )‹ -3¥2≈ ¥2—≈ (2≈ +2—≈ )
A⁄ ¤ =2fl ¥4¤ =2⁄ ‚ =1024 =4‹ -3¥4=52
B⁄ ¤ =4› ¥5=1280
8≈ +4+8—≈ 52+4
= =4
C⁄ ¤ =33¤ =1089 4≈ +4—≈ 14
A⁄ ¤ <C⁄ ¤ <B⁄ ¤

21
 2 2 _4 ÷8 =2 _(2¤ ) ÷(2‹ )
;3!; ;2#; :¡9º: ;3!; ;2#; :¡9º:

=2 _2‹ ÷2
;3!; :¡3º:

1 2 3 16
;3!;+3-:¡3º:
=2
-;3@; -;3@; =2‚ =1
1 9 _27 =(3¤ ) _(3‹ )
;2#; ;2#;

=3‹ _3—¤ =3

› '9 '3
3 › '2_"√‹ '6å4_æ≠
'6
=› '2_fl "≈2fl _æ≠
'6
-;2@;
2 2≠4=2› _4 =24-2=4
1
-;2$; =› '2_2_æ≠Æ
(2≠4)≠x=4≠x=4≈ _x =4≈ _x—¤ 2
4≈ _x—¤ =8x—¤ 4≈ =8 1
=› '2_2_4Æ
2¤ ≈ =2‹ , 2x=3 2

3 1
x= =› '2_2_ =2
2 › '2

4 a‹ ='5=5 a=5
;2!; ;6!;
3 (‹"≈3fi );2!;=(3;3%;);2!;=3;6%;
bfi ='3=3 b=3
;2!; ;1¡0;
3;6%; n
(ab)fl =afl bfl =(5 )fl _(3 )fl =5¥3
;6!; ;1¡0; ;5#;
5n
(3;6%;)« =3:6:
n 6 2…n…100
n=6, 12, 18, y, 96
n 16 1 2≈ 1
5 2x-3= =
3 8 3
16
8
2≈ =
3
1 2-x
{ } =(2—¤ )2-x=2-4+2x
4
1
= _(2≈ )¤
16

_{ }2
1 8
=
1 2 3 4 5 13 16 3
4
=
9
1 (‹ "ç2'5)fl ={(2'5) }fl
;3!;

a+b=9+4=13
=(2'5)¤
13
=20

1 2-x x-2
{ } =4 =4x-3+1
4
(‹ "√2'5)fl =(‹ '2_‹ "ç'5)fl =4¥(2x-3)¤
=(‹ '2)fl _(fl '5)fl 1 2 4
=4¥{ }=
={(‹ '2)‹ }¤ _(fl '5)fl 3 9
=2¤ _5=20 a+b=9+4=13

22
 www.ebsi.co.kr

1
=4‹ -3¥ ¥4
3
19 2 3 4 60 5 =60
60
1 x¤ +6x-4=0 a, b
5 24x=6-2'5 (22x)¤ =6-2'5
a+b=-6, ab=-4 22x="√6-2'5='5-1 2¤ ≈ >0
a b
(3¥3 ) 3 ¥3 3 b ab b+ab
2≈ +2—≈ 2≈ (2≈ +2—≈ )
= a 2b = a+2b =
3a¥9b 3 ¥3 3 2≈ -2—≈ 2≈ (2≈ -2—≈ )
=3(b+ab)-(a+2b) 2¤ ≈ +1
=
=3 ab-(a+b) 2¤ ≈ -1
('5-1)+1
=3-4+6=3¤ =9 =
('5-1)-1
9
'5('5+2)
=
('5-2)('5+2)
2 a∫ =bå a =b
;aB;
=5+2'5
b=5a a =a =afi
;aB; :∞a:;A

afi =5a a>0
a› =5
a⁄ ¤ =(a› )‹ =5‹ =125

1 3
} ={ }2
1 1 1
3 a=
4
, b=
8
{
4 8 1 11 2 3 4 125
1 1
> a>b
4 8
1 4‹ <100<5‹ 4<‹ '∂100<5
‹ 'a › 'b=1 a b =1
;3!; ;4!;
f(‹ '∂100)=4
12 (a b )⁄ ¤ =1
;3!; ;4!;
4› <300<5› 4<› '∂300<5
a› b‹ =1 f(› '∂300)=4
a‹ b› b 3fi <500<4fi 3<fi'∂500<4
a‹ b› = = >1 0<a<b
a› b‹ a
f(fi '∂500)=3
-;3!; -;3!;
a› =b—‹ (a› ) =(b-3) f(‹ '∂100)+f(› '∂300)+f(fi '∂500)=4+4+3=11
-;3$; 1 11
b=a =
a
;3$;

1<a<a 0<b<1 3b+1

;3$;

2 3æ≠ b+1 a 3
2å
3b
5æ≠ b a+1 5
2a+1
a 3 a+1 5 100
3‹ ≈ 1
4 + =33x-3+3-3x a 9 24 39 54, 69, 84 99 7
27 3‹ ≈
=(3x-1)‹ +(3-x)‹ b 5 b+1 3 100
=(3x-1+3-x)‹ -3¥3x-1¥3-x(3x-1+3-x) b 5 20 35 50, 65, 80 95 7

23
 (a b)
7_7=49 05

3 1 2 3
19 2 3 45 5
49 49 2 49 3
50
S, {
50
} S, {
50
} S, y 6 7 13 8

49 ⁄ fi
15 { } S
50 1 x
1 f(x)={
2
} -4
49 ⁄ fi
{ } S=a (a 4) (-4 b)
50
1 a
} -4=4 { }a =8 2—å =2‹
49 ⁄ fi a 49 a 1 1
} = , ={ } 15 f(a)=4 {
{
50 S 50 S 2 2
49 ¤ ‚ a=-3
20 { } S
50 1 —›
f(-4)=b { } -4=b 2› -4=b
49 ¤ ‚ a ;1¡5; a ;3$; a 2
{ } S=[{ } ]¤ ‚ S={ } S=a ‹æ
50 S S S b=16-4=12
a+b=-3+12=9
9
4 v=0.6c
0.6c ¤ -;2!;
T=[1-{
c
}]
2 y=a≈ y=b≈ y=c≈ x
y=a y y=b
x
x
-;2!; x=1 y y=c
=(1-0.36) b
-;2!; c
=0.64
1
=(0.8¤ )-;2!;=0.8—⁄ y=a⁄ =a, y=b⁄ =b, y=c⁄ =c
a
1 5 O 1 x
= =
0.8 4 a<c<b
1
5
a=
4
5 3 y=(2a-1)≈ x y
100a=100¥ =125
4 2a-1
125 2a-1>1
2a>2 a>1
a 2

4 y=2x x 2 y
3
y=2x-2+3 yy`

(3, a)

24
 www.ebsi.co.kr

a=2‹ —¤ +3=5 2x<x+4

5 x<4
x 1,
2, 3 3
1 ≈ 1 1
5 y={
5
}
5
0<
5
<1

x y
1 ≈
-3…x…2 y={ }
5
x=-3
1 -3
{ } =5‹ =125 M=125
5
x=2
1 2 3 81 4 5
1 2 1 1
{ }= m= 6 7 8
5 25 25
1
Mm=125_ =5 y=16¥2¤ ≈ +3=2› ¥2¤ ≈ +3=22(x+2)+3
25 1
y=16¥2¤ ≈ +3 y=2¤ ≈ x
-2 y 3

6 f(x)=x¤ -2x-1 0<a<1 y=a f(x)

m=-2 n=3
m+n=-2+3=1
f(x)=x¤ -2x-1=(x-1)¤ -2 x=1 f(x)
f(1)=-2
x¤ -2x-1
y=a 16
1
2 y=a¥b≈ +c y=a¥b≈ y
a—¤ =16 =16 c
a¤
1 1 y=1
a¤ = a= 0<a<1
16 4 c=1 yy`
x y
b>1 yy`

7 4x+1
=32 3-x x=0 y 1 2

2 2(x+1)
=2 5(3-x)
22x+2
=2 15-5x x=0 1<a+1<2

2x+2=15-5x 0<a<1 yy`

13 a<c<b
7x=13 x=
7 0<a<1 b>c a∫ <aç
13 b>1 a<c bå <bç
a= 7a=13
7
c=1 cå =c∫
13

8 9≈ <3x+4
3¤ ≈ <3x+4 3 y=9≈ -3≈ ±¤ +3
3 3>1 y=(3¤ )≈ -3¤ ¥3≈ +3=(3≈ )¤ -9¥3≈ +3

25
3≈ =t (t>0) 0…x…2 3‚ …3≈ …3¤ t=9 t>0
1…t…9 3≈ =9=3¤ x=a=2
a‹ -2a=2‹ -2¥2=4
9 ¤ 69
y=t¤ -9t+3={t- }-
2 4
9 ¤ 69
1…t…9 y={t- }- 6 x+2y=2 2y=2-x
2 4
t=9 2≈ +4¥ =2≈ +2¤ ¥ =2≈ +2¤ —≈

9 ¤ 69 81 69 2≈ +2¤ —≈ =5 2≈
{9- } - = - =3
2 4 4 4 (2≈ )¤ +4=5¥2≈
M=3 2≈ =t(t>0) t¤ -5t+4=0
9 (t-1)(t-4)=0
t=
2
t=1 t=4
9 9 69 69
{ - }¤ - =- 2≈ =1 x=0 2y=2-x=2 y=1
2 2 4 4
2≈ =4 x=2 2y=2-x=0 y=0
69
m=- a>b a=2, b=0
4
69 a-b=2
4(M-m)=4[3-{- }]
4
81
=4_ =81
4
1 3
81 7 0.125=(0.5)‹ ={ } =2—‹
2
-;3!;x¤ +5 -;3!;x¤ +5
0.125 =(2—‹ ) =2x¤ -15
4 3≈ >0 3—≈ >0 3x+;2!; 3x+;2!;
4 =(2¤ ) =26x+1
-;3!;x¤ +5 3x+;2!;
0.125 …4
3≈ +3—≈ æ2"√3≈ ¥3—≈ =2 3≈ =3—≈
x¤ -15 6x+1
3≈ +3—≈ =t tæ2 2 …2

9≈ +9—≈ =(3≈ )¤ +(3—≈ )¤ 2 2>1

=(3≈ +3—≈ )¤ -2 x¤ -15…6x+1 x¤ -6x-16…0

=t¤ -2 (x+2)(x-8)…0 -2…x…8

y=2(9≈ +9—≈ )-4(3≈ +3—≈ ) x -2, -1,

y=2(t¤ -2)-4t=2t¤ -4t-4=2(t-1)¤ -6 0, y, 8 11

tæ2 t=2
2(2-1)¤ -6=-4
8 a¤ ≈ +1<ax+2+ax-2
(a≈ )¤ +1<a¤ ¥a≈ +a—¤ ¥a≈
5 f(2x)=3¤ ≈ =(3≈ )¤ (a≈ )¤ -(a¤ +a—¤ )a≈ +1<0
x+1
2f(x+1)=2¥3 =2¥3≈ ¥3=6¥3≈ (a≈ -a¤ )(a≈ -a—¤ )<0 yy`
⁄ 0<a<1 a¤ <a—¤
(3≈ )¤ -6¥3≈ -27=0 a¤ <a≈ <a—¤
3≈ =t (t>0) -2<x<2
t¤ -6t-27=0 (t+3)(t-9)=0 ¤ a>1 a¤ >a—¤

26
 www.ebsi.co.kr

a—¤ <a≈ <a¤

-2<x<2
1 2 3 4 5
⁄ ¤
-2<x<2
f(a)
x -1, 0, 1 1 f(x)=3x+1 =12
a
x
3a+1 3¥3å 3å
-1+0+1=0 = =12 =4
a a a
f(a-1) 3å
= =4
a a

2 y=2x-3, y=2x+1 y x+1 x-3

y=2 y=2
y=2≈ x
3 -1
1 2 3 128 B A
AB”=4
1 2
ABCD ;:;
8
1 (3≈ -5)(3≈ -100)<0
AD”=4 O C D x
5<3≈ <100
A y 4
3⁄ =3, 3¤ =9, 3‹ =27, 3› =81, 3fi =243
A y=2≈ —‹
x 2, 3, 4
4=2≈ —‹ , 2¤ =2≈ —‹ , 2=x-3 x=5
D x 5
2+3+4=9

1 2x-3
2 y=a≈ y 3 f(x)=2x¤ _{ }
2
y=a—≈ y=a—≈ x 3 y f(x)=2x¤ _(2—⁄ )2x-3=2x¤ -2x+3=2(x-1)¤ +2
2 g(x)=(x-1)¤ +2
-(x-3)
y=a +2 yy` x=1 g(x) g(1)=2
(1, 4) f(x) f(1)=2¤ =4
-(1-3)
4=a +2, a¤ =2
a='2 a>0
4 2≈ =t (t>0)
4≈ =(2≈ )¤ =t¤ 2x+1=2≈ ¥2=2t
3 a¤ ≈ -a≈ =2 (a≈ )¤ -a≈ -2=0
a≈ =t (t>0) t¤ -2t-8=0 (t+2)(t-4)=0
t¤ -t-2=0 (t-2)(t+1)=0 t=4 ( t>0)
t=2 t>0 2≈ =4 2≈ =2¤ x=2
1 a=2
a≈ =2 a =2
;7!;
7
3 5
<a<
a=2‡ =128 2 2
128

27
 1 x 1 x (2å )¤ -2¥2å -15=0
5 {
4
} -{ } <20
2 (2å -5)(2å +3)=0
1 x 2å >0 2å =5
{ } =t (t>0)
2
A y 2å =5
} =[{ } ]2 =t¤
1 x 1 x
{
4 2

t¤ -t-20<0
3 y=|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
⁄ x<-1
(t+4)(t-5)<0
y=-(x+1)-x-(x-1)=-3x
0<t<5 ( t>0)
¤ -1…x<0
1 x
0<{ } <5 x y=(x+1)-x-(x-1)=-x+2
2
x=-2, -1, 0, 1, y ‹ 0…x<1
x -2 y=(x+1)+x-(x-1)=x+2
› xæ1
y=x+1+x+x-1=3x
y y=|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
6

3
1 2 3 68 4 5 21
2

1 f(x)=2ax+b -2 -1 O 1 x
a(x+y)+b ax+b ay+b -b
f(x+y)=2 =2 ¥2 ¥2
-b f(x)=2|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
=2 f(x)f(y)
2 2>1 y=|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
2-bf(x)f(y)=2f(x)f(y)
f(x) y=|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
2-b=2 b=-1 yy`
f(x)
5 ;2%; a+b
f{ =2'2=2
;2#;
2
}=2 -2…x…1 2…y…6
5 3 f(x)=2|x+1|+|x|+|x-1|
a+b= yy`
2 2 x=-2
b=-1 f(-2)=2fl =64 M=64
a=1 x=0
a¤ +b¤ =1¤ +(-1)¤ =2 f(0)=2¤ =4 m=4
M+m=64+4=68
68
2 A, B x a f(x)=|x-a|+|x-b|+|x-c| (a<b<c)
A(a, 2å ), B(a, 15¥2—å ) f(b)
AB”=2 A y B y
2å -15¥2—å =2 4 9≈ -2¥3x+2+k=0 a b
2å 3≈ =t (t>0)
2å ¥2å -15¥2—å ¥2å =2¥2å t¤ -18t+k=0 3a 3b

28
 www.ebsi.co.kr

a+b=3 t¤ -18t+k=0 a≈ +a—≈ 2

=2{ } -1
2

3a¥3b=3a+b=3‹ =k =2{ f(x)}¤ -1

k=27

1 2 a¥2¤ ≈ +a¥2x+1-a¤ +2a+3>0

5 f(x)=
8
x-5 g(x)=2≈
2≈ =t (t>0)
1 at¤ +2at-a¤ +2a+3>0 t
f(g(x))= ¥2≈ -5=2x-3-5
8
3…f(g(x))…27
f(t)=at¤ +2at-a¤ +2a+3
x-3
3…2 -5…27
f(t)=at¤ +2at-a¤ +2a+3
8…2x-3…32
=a(t¤ +2t)-a¤ +2a+3
2‹ …2x-3…2fi
=a(t+1)¤ -a¤ +a+3
2 2>1
⁄ a=0 f(t)=3>0
3…x-3…5
¤ a+0 f(t)>0 y y=f(t)
6…x…8
x 6, 7, 8
a>0 yy`
6+7+8=21
y=f(t)
21 -1
t=-1
O t
f(0)æ0
f(0)=-a¤ +2a+3æ0
(a+1)(a-3)…0
-1…a…3 yy`
1 2 3 4
0<a…3
⁄ ¤ 0…a…3
a—≈ +a≈
1 f(-x)=
2
=f(x)
a 0,
y=f(x) y 1, 2, 3 4
)
a≈ >0 a—≈ >0
3 0<a<1 b>1
a≈ +a—≈ 0<a<1<b yy`
æ"√a≈ ¥a—≈ =1
2
(x™-x¡){ f(x™)-f(x¡)}<0
a≈ =a—≈ x=0 )
⁄ x™>x¡ f(x™)<f(x¡)
y=f(x) x=0 1
¤ x™<x¡ f(x™)>f(x¡)
⁄ ¤ x f(x)
a2x+a-2x=(a≈ +a-x)¤ -2
0<a<1 -1<-a<0
a¤ ≈ +a—¤ ≈ 0<1-a<1
f(2x)=
2
x f(x)=(1-a)≈
(a≈ +a—≈ )¤ -2
=
2

29
 a
0<a<b 0< <1
b
a
06
x f(x)={ }≈
b

y=a≈ y 1 25 2 3 4 5
1 ≈ 66 7 40 8
y={ } y=2
a
1 1 logå 5=3 a‹ =5
A' AC”=A'C”>BC” b>
a
afl =(a‹ )¤ =5¤ =25
y x

y=a≈ y=b≈
1
y={;:;} 25
a

A C B A'
1 y=2 2
x>0 x+1 yy`
O x

ab>1 a>0 16-x¤ >0 x¤ -16<0

x f(x)=(ab)≈ (x+4)(x-4)<0
-4<x<4 yy`

0<x<1 1<x<4
x 2 3 2
x¤ kx-1 x¤ kx-1
4 2 -2 >0 2 >2
2 2>1 x¤ >kx-1, x¤ -kx+1>0
A={x|2 -2kx-1>0}={x|x¤ -kx+1>0}
x¤
1
3 16 _log∞ '5=(2› ) _ log∞ 5
;4#; ;4#;

1 x¤
1 2x+k
1 x¤
1 2x+k 2
{ } -{ } <0 { } <{ }
2 2 2 2 1
=2‹ _
1 1 2
0< <1 x¤ >2x+k, x¤ -2x-k>0
2 2 =2¤ =4
x¤ 2x+k
1 1
B=[x|{ } -{ } <0]={x|x¤ -2x-k>0}
2 2
R
A;B=R A=B=R 1 81
4 log£ 81+log£
9
=log£
9
=log£ 9=2
A={x|x¤ -kx+1>0}=R x¤ -kx+1=0
D¡
D¡=k¤ -4<0 -2<k<2 yy`
B={x|x¤ -2x-k>0}=R x¤ -2x-k=0 5 log™ 72+log;2!; 9=log™ 72-log™ 9
D™ 72
=log™
9
D™
=1+k<0 k<-1 yy`
4 =log™ 8
k -2<k<-1 =log™ 2‹ =3

30
 www.ebsi.co.kr

6'2
log 6
;2!; ;2!; log 6 =log£ { _'2}
4
6 log'3 '6= =
log 3
;2!;
;2!; log 3 =log£ 3=1
log 6
= =log£ 6
log 3

2 a¤ =b‹ (a¤ ) =(b‹ ) b=a

;3!; ;3!; ;3@;

3log '3 =3 log£ 6=6 log£ 3=6

'6
b‹ =c› (b‹ ) =(c› )
;4!; ;4!;
c=b
;4#;

6 logå b+log∫ c=logå a +log∫ b

;3@; ;4#;

2 3 17
= + =
log'3 '6=log3 6 =log£ 6 ;2!;
;2!; 3 4 12
p+q=12+17=29
29
7 log A⁄ ‚ =10 log A
=10_2.1190
;2!; ;2!;
3 øπ3"√3'3={3¥(3¥3;2!; ) } =(3¥3 ¥3 )
;2!; ;4!; ;2!;
=21.19
;2!;+;4!;+;8!;
=3 ¥3 ¥3 =3
;2!; ;4!; ;8!;
=21+0.19
log A⁄ ‚ 21 0.19 =3
;8&;

n=21 a=0.19 log¡∞ øπ3"√3'3=log¡∞ 3

;8&;

n+100a=21+100_0.19=40 7 log∞ 3
= _
8 log∞ 15
40
7 log∞ 3
=
8(log∞ 3+log∞ 5)
1 15 1
8 log {
3
} =15 log =-15 log 3
3 =
7a
8(a+1)
=-15_0.48
=-7.20
=-8+0.80=å8.80
15
4 logå '2=log∫ 8
1 1 15
log { -8 8
log 8 ;2!; log 2
} { }
3 3 log '2 3 log 2
= , =
0 log a log b log a log b
a=8 log b
=6 logå b=6 yy`
log a
logå '2=logç 4

log '2 log 4 ;2!; log 2 2 log 2

= , =
log a log c log a log c
log c
=4 logå c=4 yy`
log a

1 2 29 3 4 20 5
6 162 7 8 19 log'a bc=2(logå b+logå c)=2(6+4)=20
20
1
1 2
log£ 72-2 log£ 2+log£ '2
5 A‹ 30 log A‹ 29
=log£ 6'2-log£ 4+log£ '2 29…log A‹ <30

31
29…3 log A<30 2
log x
3
29
…log A<10
3
1 1
log =- log A
'ßA 2
8 log x 1
1 29 1…log x<2 yy`
-5<- log A…-
2 6
log x‹ log 'x
1 1
log =- log A=-5+a (0<a<1) 1 5
'ßA 2 log x‹ -log 'x=3 log x- log x= log x=
2 2
1
log -5 5 5 5
'ßA … log x<5 log x 3 4
2 2 2
1
5 0
'ßA
5 6
log x=3 log x= x=10
;5^;
2 5
a=5
5 8
log x=4 log x= x=10
;5*;
2 5
x
;5^;+;5*;
10 _10 =10 =10
;5^; ;5*; :¡5¢:
1
6 log x=-3+
3
log 9
p+q=5+14=19
log xfl ‚ =60 log x=-180+20 log 9 19
=-180+40 log 3
40 log 3=40_0.48=19.2
log xfl ‚ =-161+0.2
log 1<0.2<log 2
log (1_10—⁄ fl ⁄ )<log xfl ‚ <log (2_10—⁄ fl ⁄ )
xfl ‚ 161 0 1 1 2 3

a+b=161+1=162 bå =(2'2)log™ 10=10log™ 2'2

1
162 =10log™ 2 =10
;2#; ;2#;

a log b=log bå
7 100<x<1000 x log x 3
=log 10 =
;2#;
2
2
log x a
log x=2+a (0<a<1)
n 10
1 1
log 'x= log x= (2+a)=1+
a 2 {
10
} 0
2 2 2
n 10
a a 1 log { } -6
0< < log 'x 10
2 2 2
n 10
a 3 3 3 3 -6…log { } <-5
a+ = a=1 { 0< a< , a } 10
2 2 2 2 2
-6…10(log n-1)<-5
2
a= 4…10 log n<5
3

32
 www.ebsi.co.kr

0 4…log n<0 5
log 2=0.3010 log 3=0.4771 log 4=2 log 2=0.6020
1 2 12 3 4 5 39
log 2<0.4…log n<0.5<log 4
1 5 1 5
2<n<4 1 2
log™ -log™ '2å0= {log™ -log™ 20}
4 2 4
n 3
1 5 1
= log™ { _ }
2 4 20
1 1
= log™
10
2 16
n
{ } 0
10 1
= log™ 2—›
10
2
n
log { } =-6+a (0…a<1)
10 1
= _(-4)=-2
2
10(log n-1)=-6+a
-6+a
log n-1=
10
4+a
2 log£ ('1å1+'2)fl +log£ ('1å1-'2)fl
log n=
10 =6{log£ ('1å1+'2)+log£ ('1å1-'2)}
4 4+a 5 =6 log£ {('1å1+'2)('1å1-'2)}
0…a<1 … <
10 10 10 =6 log£ 9
0.4…log n<0.5 =6 log£ 3¤
log 2=0.3010, log 3=0.4771, log 4=2 log 2=0.6020 =12 log£ 3=12
12
log 2<0.4…log n<0.5<log 4
2<n<4 3
n 3 |x-1|>0 |x-1|+1
x+1 x+0 x+2 yy`
3 T=Tº+k log (8t+1)
9 -x¤ +5x+14>0
Tº=20, t= T=365
8 x¤ -5x-14<0 (x+2)(x-7)<0
9 -2<x<7 yy`
365=20+k log {8¥ +1}
8
x -1 3 4 5 6 5
365=20+k log 10
365=20+k k=345
T=Tº+345 log (8t+1)
Tº=20, t=a T=710 4 3å =4 a=log£ 4
710=20+345 log (8¥a+1) 4∫ =81 b=log¢ 81=log2¤ 9¤ =log™ 9
690=345 log (8a+1) ab=log£ 4¥log™ 9
log (8a+1)=2 log£ 9
=2 log£ 2_
8a+1=10¤ =100 log£ 2

100-1 99 =2 log£ 9=2_log£ 3¤

a= =
8 8 =2_2=4

33
 log x log x¤ 1
3å =4, 4∫ =81 1
⁄ 0…a<
ab 2
4∫ =(3å )∫ =3 =81
log x¤ 2a
ab=log£ 81=log£ 3› =4
1
a+2a=1 a=
3
5 3« 10 log 3« 9
1 7
log x=2+ =
3 3
9…log 3« <10 9…n log 3<10 x=10
;3&;

9 10 1
…n< ¤ …a<1
log 3 log 3 2
18.75…n<20.83 log x¤ 2a-1
n 19 20 39 2
a+(2a-1)=1 a=
3
39
2 8
log x=2+ =
3 3
x=10
;3*;

x
;3&;+;3*;
10 _10 =10 =10fi
;3&; ;3*;

19 2 3 4 80 5 47

1 a=‹ '8å1=‹ "≈3› =3 b=27› =(3‹ )› =3⁄ ¤ 4 20=2¤ _5 20 1 2 4 5 10 20

;3$;

3 6
logå b=log3 3⁄ ¤ = _12_log£ 3=9
;3$;
4
log 1, log 2, log 4, log 5, log 10, log 20
9 0, log 2, log 4, log 5, 0, log 2
f(a¡)+f(a™)+f(a£)+y+f(a«)
2 log A=n+a n 0…a<1 =0+log 2+log 4+log 5+0+log 2
3x¤ +7x+k=0 =log 80
7 k 10 f(a¡)_10f(a™)_10f(a£)_y_10f(a«)
n+a=- , na=
3 3
=10 f(a¡)+f(a™)+f(a£)+y+f(a«)
n 0…a<1
=10log 80
7 2
n+a=- =-3+ =80log 10
3 3
2 =80
n=-3 a=
3 80
2
k=3na=3_(-3)_ =-6
3
1 1
5 f{
2
} log
2
1
3 log x a (0…a<1) log
2
=-log 2=-1+(1-log 2)
log x=2+a
10
log x¤ =2 log x=4+2a =-1+log =-1+log 5
2

34
 www.ebsi.co.kr

1 100<n<300
f{ }=log 5
2 n 125, 250
1 125+250=375
f(n)…f { } f(n)…log 5
2
375
n log 5
⁄ 1…n<10
n 1 2 3 4 5 5 2 a<b 1…log a<log b<2

¤ 10…n<100 f(a)=log a-1 f(b)=log b-1

n 10 11 12 y 50 41 f(a)<f(b)

‹ n=100 log a=1+a (0…a<1)

n 100 1 log a¤ =2 log a=2(1+a)=2+2a

A 1
⁄ 0…a<
2
5+41+1=47
log a¤ 2a
47
a=2a a=0
log a=1+0 a=10
log a‹ =3 log a=3 log 10=3
f(a‹ )=0
1
¤ …a<1
2
1 375 2 3 4 log a¤ 2a-1
a=2a-1 a=1
1 2° =256, 2· =512 8<log™ 500<9
⁄ ¤ f(a¤ )=f(a) f(a‹ )=0
f(500)=log™ 500-[log™ 500]=log™ 500-8
a=20 b=50 ab=10‹
100<n<300
log ab=log 10‹ =3 f(ab)=0
2fl <100<n<300<2·
f(a)=log 2+0 f(b)=log 5+0
6<log™ n<9
[log™ n]=6 [log™ n]=7 [log™ n]=8
⁄ [log™ n]=6 f(n)=f(500)
f(n)=log™ n-6=log™ 500-8
3 A 1L (mole) a
500
log™ n=log™ 500-2=log™ =log™ 125
4
n=125 4=-log a a=10—›

¤ [log™ n]=7 f(n)=f(500) B 1L (mole) b

f(n)=log™ n-7=log™ 500-8 5=-log b b=10—fi

500 A 2L
log™ n=log™ 500-1=log™ =log™ 250
2 2a=2_10—›
n=250 B 3L
‹ [log™ n]=8 f(n)=f(500) 3b=3_10—fi
f(n)=log™ n-8=log™ 500-8
log™ n=log™ 500 A 2L B 3L 5L
n=500

35
2a+3b=2_10—› +3_10—fi =23_10—fi
A B 1L 07
2a+3b
=4.6_10—fi
5
pH 1 18 2 3 43 5
-log(4 6_10—fi )=-log 4 6+5
6 7 12 82
=5-0 66=4 34
1 f(x)=log'3 x
f(a)=4 f(a)=log'3 a=4
a=('3)› =9
4 log 60=1+log 6 log 60 log 6
f(3)=b
log n log 60 n
f(3)=log'3 3=log3 3=2 log£ 3=2
log n=k+log 6 k
;2!;

b=2
log n=log (6_10˚ )
ab=9_2=18
n=6_10˚ =2_3_(2˚ _5˚ )=2˚ ±⁄ _3_5˚
18
n 180
(k+2)_2_(k+1)…180
(k+2)(k+1)…90
2 y
k y=logå x
k=0, 1, 2, y, 8
1
n 9
O bc 1 a x
y=log∫ x
n
n=aπ bœ c® a, b, c p, q, r y=logç x
n
y=logå x, y=log∫ x, y=logç x
(p+1)(q+1)(r+1)
y=1 x
1=logå x x=a
1=log∫ x x=b
1=logç x x=c

b<c<a

3 y=log3a-1 x x y
3a-1 0<3a-1<1

1 2
1<3a<2 <a<
3 3

36
 www.ebsi.co.kr

4 y=log™ 3x x 1 y
-1 log™ 4=log™ 2¤ =2
y=log™ 3(x-1)-1 x=1 8
log™ 8=log™ 2‹ =3
y=log™ 3(x-1)-1
=log™ (3x-3)-log™ 2 3-2=1
3x-3
=log™
2
3 3
=log™ {
2
x- }
2 7
x+1>0 x-2>0
3 3
y=log™ { x- } y=log™ (ax+b) x>-1, x>2 x>2 yy`
2 2

3 3 log™ (x+1)(x-2)=2
a= , b=-
2 2 (x+1)(x-2)=2¤
3 3 x¤ -x-6=0
a-b= -{- }=3
2 2
(x+2)(x-3)=0
3
x=-2 x=3

1 1 x=3
5 y=log ;2!; (5x-1)
2
0<
2
<1
a=3 4a=12
x y 12
1 2
…x… y=log;2!; (5x-1)
4 5
1 8
x= x-3>0, x-1>0
4
x>3, x>1 x>3 yy`
-1}=log;2!; =log;2!; { }2 =2
1 1 1
log;2!; {5_
4 4 2
M=2 log™ (x-3)…log2¤ (x-1)
2 1
x= log™ (x-3)… log™ (x-1)
5 2
2 2 log™ (x-3)…log™ (x-1)
log;2!; {5_ -1}=log;2!; (2-1)=log;2!; 1=0
5
log™ (x-3)¤ …log™ (x-1)
m=0
2 2>1
M+m=2+0=2
(x-3)¤ …x-1
x¤ -7x+10…0
(x-2)(x-5)…0
6 y=log™ (x¤ +2x+5) 2 2>1 2…x…5 yy`
y=log™ (x¤ +2x+5)
3<x…5
x¤ +2x+5=(x+1)¤ +4 -2…x…1 x 4, 5 2
x=-1 4 2

37
 f(x)
f(1)=log;2!; (a-1)=-2
1 2 13 3 4 5
1 —¤
6 7 10 8 a-1={ } =4 a=5
2
1
f(x)=log;2!; (x¤ -2x+5) f(x)
1 y=2≈ x a y 2
b 1
0< <1 g(x) f(x)
x-a 2
y=2 +b
y=x
x=2y-a+b 0…x…3 g(x) x=3
f(x)

2y-a=x-b, y-a=log™ (x-b) f(3)=log;2!; (3¤ -2_3+5)=log;2!; 8=-3

y=log™ (x-b)+a yy`

y=log™ (x-5)-4
a=-4 b=5 4
a+b=-4+5=1 4
y=log;2!; x¥log;2!;
x
=(log;2!; x)(log;2!; 4-log;2!; x)
=(log;2!; x)(-2-log;2!; x)
2 y=-2≈ x=log™ (-y)
x y =-(log;2!; x)¤ -2 log;2!; x

y=log™ (-x) 1
log;2!; x=t …x…8
4
x-3
y=log™ {- }+2 1
16 log;2!; 8…log;2!; x…log;2!;
4
=log™ {-(x-3)}-log™ 16+2
-3…t…2
=log™ {-(x-3)}-2

y=-t¤ -2t=-(t+1)¤ +1
x-3
y=log™ {- }+2 y=log™ (-x) -3…t…2 y=-(t+1)¤ +1
16
x 3 y -2 t=-1
-(-1+1)¤ +1=1 M=1
m=3, n=-2 t=2
m¤ +n¤ =3¤ +(-2)¤ =13 -(2+1)¤ +1=-8 m=-8
13 Mm=1_(-8)=-8

1 1
3 f(x)=log;2!; (x¤ -2x+a)
2
0<
2
<1
5 log£ x-logÆ 9=1
f(x) log£ x-2 logÆ 3=1
g(x)=x¤ -2x+a 2
log£ x- =1
g(x)=x¤ -2x+a=(x-1)¤ +a-1 log£ x
0…x…3 g(x) x=1 (log£ x)¤ -log£ x-2=0 yy`
g(1)=a-1 a, b

38
 www.ebsi.co.kr

log£ a, log£ b log£ x ⁄ ¤ x

log£ a+log£ b=1 5<x<16

log£ ab=1 x 6, 7, 8, y, 15 10
ab=3 10

8 x¤ -2x log£ a+2-log£ a=0 a b

xlog™ x=16x¤ D
6 2
log™ x¥log™ x=log™ 16x¤ D
⁄ =(-log£ a)¤ -(2-log£ a)æ0
4
(log™ x)¤ =log™ 2› +log™ x¤
(log£ a)¤ +log£ a-2æ0
(log™ x)¤ -2 log™ x-4=0
(log£ a+2)(log£ a-1)æ0
log™ x=t t¤ -2t-4=0 yy`
log£ a…-2 log£ aæ1
a, b
log£ a…log£ 3—¤ log£ aælog£ 3
log™ a log™ b
1
0<a… aæ3 yy`
9
log™ a+log™ b=2 log™ a¥log™ b=-4 ¤ a+b=2 log£ a>0 log£ a>0
(log™ a-2)(log™ b-2) log£ a>log£ 1
=log™ a¥log™ b-2(log™ a+log™ b)+4 a>1 yy`
=-4-4+4=-4 ‹ ab=2-log£ a>0 log£ a<2
log£ a<log£ 3¤
0<a<9 yy`
7 ⁄ logÆ–™ (2x¤ -11x+14)
3…a<9
2x¤ -11x+14=(x-2)(2x-7)>0
7 a 8
x<2 x> yy`
2
x-2>0, x-2+1
2<x<3 x>3 yy`
7
x> yy`
2
logÆ–™ (2x¤ -11x+14)>2
logÆ–™ (2x¤ -11x+14)>logÆ–™ (x-2)¤
x-2 1 1 11 2 3
2x¤ -11x+14>(x-2)¤
x¤ -7x+10>0 1 7-x>0, 7+x>0

(x-2)(x-5)>0 -7<x<7 yy`

x<2 x>5 yy` log™ (7-x)+log™ (7+x)>4

x>5 log™ (7-x)(7+x)>4=log™ 2›

¤ log™ x<4 x>0, log™ x<log™ 2› 2 2>1

0<x<16 (7-x)(7+x)>16

39
49-x¤ >16, x¤ <33
-'3å3<x<'3å3 yy`
1 2 3 4 5 20
5<'3å3<6
-'3å3<x<'3å3
x -5, -4, -3,
1 B B(a, 0) AB”=2 A
A(a, 2) A y=log™ x
-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 11
11
2=log™ a a=4
B B(4, 0) BC”=2
x
2 y=2-
n
n (0, 2) C x 6

y=f(x) 0 1

log x (1…x<10) 2 f(x)=log;2!; (x+a)+b y=log;2!; x

f(x)=g x -a y b
log x-1 (10…x<100)
y=f(x)
y y=log;2!; x x=0
y=f(x) x=-a
2
y=f(x) -a=-4 a=4
1
f(x)=log;2!; (x+4)+b
O 1 10 100 x y=f(x) y y
y=log;2!; (0+4)+b=-2+b
x
2 y=2- -2+b=3 b=5
n
n a+b=4+5=9

⁄ (10, 0)
10
0=2- n=5
n 3
¤ (10, 1) y=log™ x¥log;2!; x+2 log™ x+10
10 =log™ x¥(-log™ x)+2 log™ x+10
1=2- n=10
n
=-(log™ x)¤ +2 log™ x+10
⁄ ¤ 5…n<10
log™ x=t 1…x…16
n 5
log™ 1…log™ x…log™ 16 0…t…4

y=-t¤ +2t+10=-(t-1)¤ +11

3 y=3+log£ (x¤ -4x+31) 0…t…4 y=-(t-1)¤ +11
f(x)=x¤ -4x+31 t=1
f(x)=(x-2)¤ +27 -(1-1)¤ +11=11 M=11
f(x) x=2 27 t=4
y=3+log£ (x¤ -4x+31) -(4-1)¤ +11=2 m=2
3+log£ 27=3+log£ 3‹ =3+3=6 M+m=11+2=13

40
 www.ebsi.co.kr

4 x>0, x+1 (fΩh)(x)=x+2

log£ x=t (t+0) (fΩh)(4)=4+2=6
1 1 1 1
logª x= log£ x= t logÆ 3= =
2 2 log£ x t
1 1
2
t- =0
t 2 y=|log x-1|(log x-3) log x=t
y=|t-1|(t-3) 1…x…100 0…t…2
2t
⁄ 0…t…1
t¤ -2=0 t=—'2
y=-(t-1)(t-3)
log£ x='2 x=3'2
=-t¤ +4t-3=-(t-2)¤ +1
log£ x=-'2 x=3-'2
¤ 1<t…2
y=(t-1)(t-3)
3'2_3-'2=3‚ =1
=t¤ -4t+3=(t-2)¤ -1
⁄ ¤ y=f(t)
y
5 (log∞ x-1)(log;5!; x+2)>0
log;5!; x=-log∞ x
(log∞ x-1)(-log∞ x+2)>0 O 2
-1 1 3 t
(log∞ x-1)(log∞ x-2)<0
1<log∞ x<2 -3

5<x<25
a=5, b=25 t=1 f(t) f(1)=0
b-a=25-5=20 t=0 f(t) f(0)=-3
20 M=0, m=-3 M+m=-3

1 x
3 f(x)={
2
} , g(x)=log;2!; x

y=x
y
y=g(x) y=x
1 2 3 4 29 5

1
1 f(x) g(x)
f(a) y=f(x)
y=1+log™ x y-1=log™ x O 1 a x
x=2y-1 g(a)
x y y=2x-1
g(x)=2x-1
a>1 f(a)>g(a)
h(x)=4¥2x-1=2x+1
y=x a=b
( fΩh)(x)=f(h(x))
=1+log™ 2x+1
1 x
f(x)={ } , g(x)=log;2!; x
=1+x+1=x+2 2

41
 g(x) x y
b<f(a) g(b)>g(f(a))=a
2g(b)>2a
1 2 38 49
2g(b)=2 log;2!; b=log;2!; b¤ =g(b¤ )
g(b¤ )>2a
1 log™ x=n+a n , 0…a<1
⁄ a=0
1
log™ x=n log™ =-log™ x=-n
x
1
f(x)=[log™ x]+[log™ ]=n+(-n)=0
g
log£ |x-5|<3 yy` x
4 log™ x+log™ (x+6)æ4 yy`
¤ 0<a<1
|x-5|>0
1
log£ |x-5|<3 |x-5|<27 log™ x=n+a log™ =-log™ x=-n-a
x
-27<x-5<0 0<x-5<27 1
f(x)=[log™ x]+[log™ ]
-22<x<5 5<x<32 yy` x

x>0, x+6>0 =[n+a ]+[-n-1+(1-a)]

x>0 yy` =n+(-n-1)=-1
log™ x+log™ (x+6)æ4 ⁄ ¤ f(x) {-1 0}
log™ x(x+6)æ4 x(x+6)æ2› =16
x¤ +6x-16æ0, (x+8)(x-2)æ0 -1+0=-1
x…-8 xæ2 yy`

log™ x+log™ (x+6)æ4 xæ2 yy` 2 P« y n n=2≈ x=log™ n

P« P« (log™ n, n)
2…x<5 5<x<32 Q« y n n=log™ x x=2«
x Q« Q«(2« n)
3+26=29 P«Q«”=a«=2« -log™ n
29 S∞=a¡+a™+a£+a¢+a∞
=(2⁄ +2¤ +2‹ +2› +2fi )
5 4(1+log a)x¤ +2(1+log a)x+1=0 -(log™ 1+log™ 2+log™ 3+log™ 4+log™ 5)
D =62-log™ (1_2_3_4_5)
D =62-log™ 120
=(1+log a)¤ -4(1+log a)<0
4
2fl <120<2‡ 6<log™ 120<7
(log a)¤ -2 log a-3<0
62-7<62-log™ 120<62-6
(log a+1)(log a-3)<0
55<62-log™ 120<56
-1<log a<3
[S∞]=[62-log™ 120]=55
log 10—⁄ <log a<log 10‹
1
<a<1000
10
a M=999 m=1 3 |f(x)|>0 |g(x)|>0

M-m=999-1=998 f(x)+0, g(x)+0 yy`

log;3!; |f(x)|>log;3!; |g(x)| 1

42
 www.ebsi.co.kr

|f(x)|<|g(x)| yy`
y y=|f(x)|
y=|g(x)|
08

-8 -4 -2 O 2 4 8 x
15 2 3 100 4 54
6 7 8 52
x
-8<x<-4 -4<x<-2 2<x<4
1+9
4<x<8 1 a 1 9 a=
2
=5

x -7, -6, 5
-5, -3, 3, 5, 6, 7 8
8 2 d
d=a™-a¡=7-3=4
8 a¡º=a¡+(10-1)¥d
4 x>0, y>0 y…
x
, y…2x, yæ1
=3+9¥4
2 =39
8
log™ y…log™ , log™ y…log™ 2x, log™ yælog™ 1
x
log™ y…3-log™ x, log™ y…1+log™ x, log™ yæ0
log™ x=X, log™ y=Y
3 a¡=1 d d=2
{a«} 10 S¡º
Y…-X+3, Y…X+1, Yæ0
10{2a¡+(10-1)¥d}
S¡º=
2
=5(2¥1+9¥2)
Y Y=X+1 =100

3
100
2
1
4 a£=S£-S™
-1 O 1 3 X =(3¤ +2¥3)-(2¤ +2¥2)
Y=-X+3 =15-8

X¤ +Y¤ =k (X, Y) =7

'k
X¤ +Y¤ X=3, Y=0 3¤ +0¤ =9
5 8'2 a 32

9 (8'2)¤ =a_32
32a=128
a=4
4

6 a¢=a¡_r‹
-48=6r‹

43
r‹ =-8
r r=-2 a¡+a¡º=a™+aª=a£+a•=a¢+a¶=a∞+a§=20

a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=20_5=100
7 r
a™ 6 2 d
r= = =3
a¡ 2
a¡=-23 d=2
a¡(r⁄ ‚ -1)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º= a«=-23+(n-1)¥2=2n-25
r-1
2(3⁄ ‚ -1) 25
a«<0 2n-25<0 n<
= 2
3-1
n…12 a«<0
=3⁄ ‚ -1
næ13 a«>0
|a¡|+|a™|+|a£|+y+|a¡™|=23+21+19+y+1,
|a¡£|+|a¡¢|+|a¡∞|+y+|a™¢|=1+3+5+y+23
8 2012 a
a=20
|a¡|+|a™|+|a£|+y+|a™¢|
2022 2012 10
=2(1+3+5+y+23)
10 % r=0 1 10
12(1+23)
a(1+r)⁄ ‚ =2_
2
P=a(1+r)⁄ ‚ =20(1+0 1)⁄ ‚
=12_24
=20_1 1⁄ ‚ =20_2 6=52
=288
52

3 a∞+a§+a¶+a•+aª+a¡º
=(a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º)-(a¡+a™+a£+a¢)
=S¡º-S¢
=(3¥10¤ +2¥10)-(3¥4¤ +2¥4)
1 100 2 3 4 17 5 =320-56
6 315 7 =264

1 {a«} d
a¢=1+3d a¶=1+6d
4 a¡=S¡=k+3
a¢+a¶=20
a™=S™-S¡
(1+3d)+(1+6d)=20
=(4k+6)-(k+3)
9d=18 d=2
=3k+3
10(2a¡+9d)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º= {a«} d
2
10(2¥1+9¥2) d=a™-a¡
=
2 =(3k+3)-(k+3)
=100 =2k=4
100 k=2

44
 www.ebsi.co.kr

a™˚=a¢=S¢-S£ 7 2013 a
=(16k+12)-(9k+9) 2022
=7k+3 a(1+0.05)⁄ ‚
=7¥2+3 2014 a(1+0.05)
=17 2022
17 a(1+0.05)(1+0.05)· =a(1+0.05)⁄ ‚
2015 a(1+0.05)¤
2022
5 {a«} r
a(1+0.05)¤ (1+0.05)° =a(1+0.05)⁄ ‚
a™=a¡r a£=a¡r¤
a™-a¡=8 a¡(r-1)=8 yy`
2022 a(1+0.05)·
a£-a¡=-16 a¡(r¤ -1)=-16 yy`
2022
a¡+0 r+1
a(1+0.05)· (1+0.05)=a(1+0.05)⁄ ‚
a¡(r¤ -1)
÷ =-2 2022
a¡(r-1)
r+1=-2 r=-3 10_a(1+0.05)⁄ ‚ =10_a_1.6=16a

a∞=a¡_r› a§=a™_r› a¶=a£_r› a•=a¢_r› 16a=3200 a=200

a∞+a§+a¶+a• r› (a¡+a™+a£+a¢)
=
a¡+a™+a£+a¢ a¡+a™+a£+a¢
=r›
=(-3)›
=81
1 2 10 3

1 a«=-5+(n-1)_2=2n-7
6 a¡=a r
¡ a˚=a¡¡+a¡™+a¡£+y+a™º
20

a(r‹ -1) k=11

a¡+a™+a£= =15 yy`
r-1
10(a¡¡+a™º)
a(rfl -1) =
2
a¡+a™+a£+y+a§= =75 yy`
r-1
10(15+33)
a(r‹ -1)(r‹ +1) =
2
=15(r‹ +1)=75
r-1
=240
r‹ +1=5 r‹ =4
r‹ =4
a(4-1) a
r-1
=15
r-1
=5 2 a, a+b, 2a-b
2(a+b)=a+(2a-b)
a(r· -1)
a¡+a™+a£+y+aª= a=3b yy`
r-1
a 1, a-1, 3b+1
= _{(r‹ )‹ -1}
r-1 (a-1)¤ =1¥(3b+1) yy`
=5(4‹ -1)
=315 a¤ -2a+1=a+1
315 a¤ -3a=0 a(a-3)=0

45
 a=0 a=3 a£=S£-S™=21-12=9
⁄ a=0 b=0 1 a-1 3b+1 1, -1, a§ 15 5
= =
1 a£ 9 3

¤ a=3 b=1
a=3, b=1 a¤ +b¤ =9+1=10
10 4 a, 2, b
2_2=a+b a+b=4 yy
3 {a«} a r 1, a+b, 2b 1, 4, 2b
a>0, r>0
a¡a™ a¤ r a 4¤ =1_2b b=8
= = =2
a£ ar¤ r a=4-b=4-8=-4
a=2r b-a=8-(-4)=12
2a™ a¢ 2ar ar‹ 12
+ = + =2r+r¤ =8
a¡ a™ a ar
r¤ +2r-8=0, (r-2)(r+4)=0
a¡(2⁄ ‚ -1)
r=2 r>0 5 a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=
2-1
=120
a=4, r=2 a¡(2⁄ ‚ -1)=120 yy
a£=4¥2¤ =16 a¡, a£, a∞, y 4
a¡(4fi -1)
a¡+a£+a∞+a¶+aª=
4-1
a¡(2⁄ ‚ -1)
=
3
120
1 2 3 4 12 5 =
3
=40
1 d a∞=a™+3d
12=3+3d d=3
a•=a∞+3d=12+3¥3=21
a¡+a£+a∞+a¶+aª=S
a™+a¢+a§+a•+a¡º=2a¡+2a£+2a∞+2a¶+2aª
=2(a¡+a£+a∞+a¶+aª)
2 d
=2S
a™+a∞=(a¡+d)+(a§-d)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=S+2S=120
=a¡+a§=12
S=40
a£+a¢=(a™+d)+(a∞-d)
=a™+a∞=12
a™+a£+a¢+a∞=(a™+a∞)+(a£+a¢)
=12+12
=24 1 2 900 3 4 5

1 {a«} d
3 S«=n(n+4) a¢=a¡+3d=1, a§=a¡+5d=5
a§=S§-S∞=60-45=15 a¡=-5, d=2

46
 www.ebsi.co.kr

15{2¥(-5)+14¥2} 13
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡∞= -2n+13>0 n<
2 2
=135 a«>0 n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6 6

15(a¡+a¡∞)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡∞=
2
a¡, a•, a¡∞
4 f(x)=x¤ -ax+2a f(x) x-1, x-2,
x-3 f(1), f(2), f(3)
a¡+a¡∞=2a•
p=f(1)=1+a, q=f(2)=4, r=f(3)=9-a
15_2a•
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡∞= =15a• a+1, 4, 9-a
2
{a«} a¢=1 a§=5 a§ a¢, a• (a+1)(9-a)=4¤
-a¤ +8a+9=16 a¤ -8a+7=0
2a§=a¢+a• 2¥5=1+a• a•=9 (a-1)(a-7)=0
a=1 a=7
15a•=15_9=135 a 8

2 d f(x) x-a f(a)

a∞+a§+a¶=(a§-d)+a§+(a§+d)=48
3a§=48 a§=16
2 1
a∞a¶=(16-d)(16+d)=247 5 A={
0 1
}
256-d¤ =247, d¤ =9
2 1 2 1 2¤ 2+1
d>0 d=3 A¤ ={ }{ }={ }
0 1 0 1 0 1
a§=a¡+5_3=16 a¡=1 2¤ 2+1 2 1 2‹ 2¤ +2+1
a™=a¡+d=1+3=4 A‹ ={ }{ }={ }
0 1 0 1 0 1
a¡+2a™+a£+2a¢+y+a¡ª+2a™º
=(a¡+a™+a£+y+a™º)+(a™+a¢+a§+y+a™º) 2« 2« —⁄ +2« —¤ +y+2+1
A« ={ }
20(2_1+19_3) 10(2_4+9_6) 0 1
= +
2 2
A« (1, 2) a«
=590+310=900
a«=1+2+2¤ +y+2« —⁄
900
1¥(2« -1)
= =2« -1
2-1

3 a¡=S¡=12-1=11 a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º
næ2 =(2-1)+(2¤ -1)+(2‹ -1)+y+(2⁄ ‚ -1)
a«=S«-S«–¡ =(2+2¤ +2‹ +y+2⁄ ‚ )-10
=(12n-n¤ )-{12(n-1)-(n-1)¤ } 2(2⁄ ‚ -1)
= -10
=(12n-n¤ )-(-n¤ +14n-13) 2-1
=-2n+13 =2⁄ ⁄ -12
a«>0

47
 21(2a¡+20d)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a™¡=
2
1 2 3 =21(a¡+10d)
=21_40
1 Cº rº=9 =840
1 1 1 P™¡
OP¡”= rº, OP™”= rº, OP£”= rº,
3 3¤ 3‹
a™¡=a¡+20d=10+20_3=70
1 1
OP¢”= rº, OP∞”= rº
3› 3fi
2 2 2
OQ¡”= rº, OQ™”= rº, OQ£”= rº, P™¡
3 3¤ 3‹
2 2
OQ¢”= rº, OQ∞”= rº
3› 3fi 70 p
2p_ =
840 6
S∞=p[{ }2 -{ }2 ]rº¤ =p¥
2 1 4-1
¥9¤
3fi 3fi 3⁄ ‚
1 1
=p¥ ¥3› = p
3· 3fi

2 50=1+(k-1)d
(k-1)d=49 yy`
d, k
d=1, k=50 d=7, k=8 d=49, k=2
d=7, k=8 d+k 1
7 10
10(2_1+9_7)
=325
2

3
P« (n=1, 2, 3, y, 21) a«
{a«}
{a«} d
a™+a£+a¢+a∞=a™¡
(a¡+d)+(a¡+2d)+(a¡+3d)+(a¡+4d)=a¡+20d
3
3a¡=10d d= a¡
10
a¡¡=a¡+10d=40
3
a¡+10_ a¡=40 4a¡=40
10
a¡=10 d=3

48
 www.ebsi.co.kr

9
5 a¡º=a¡+ ;K+! b˚
09 9
=1+ ;K+! (2k+1)
9
=1+2 ;K+! k+9
1 2 3 495 4 20 5 100
9¥10
6 75 8 =1+2¥ +9=100
2
100
10
1 ;K+! {1+(-1) k+1
}
6 a«=1¥2n-1=2n-1
=2+0+2+0+2+0+2+0+2+0
8
=10 aª=a¡+ ;K+! b˚
8
b¡+b™+b£+y+b•= ;K+! b˚=aª-a¡

10 10 10 =2° -1=255
2 ;K+! (2a˚+c)= ;K+! 2a˚+ ;K+! c
10
=2 ;K+! a˚+10c

=2¥8+10c a«=2« —⁄
=16+10c b«=a«≠¡-a«=2« -2« —⁄
16+10c=46 =(2-1)¥2« —⁄ =2« —⁄
8 1¥(2° -1)
c=3 b¡+b™+b£+y+b•= ;K+! 2˚ —⁄ =
2-1
=2° -1=255
10 10 10
3 ;K+! (k¤ +2k)= ;K+! k¤ +2 ;K+! k
7 n n
10¥11¥21 10¥11
= +2¥
6 2 (1), (1, 2), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3, 4), y
=385+110 n n 1 n
=495
495 n(n+1)
1+2+3+y+n=
2
20 1
4 ;K+!
k(k+1) 1+2+3+y+9=45,
1
20 1
= ;K+! { - } 1+2+3+y+10=55
k k+1
50 10 5 .
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
={1- }+{ - }+{ - }+y+{ - } 10 1, 2, 3, y, 10 50 5 .
2 2 3 3 4 20 21
1 5
=1-
21
20 8 n
=
21
n
m=20
1 2 1 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
{ }, { , }, { , , }, { , , , }, y
20 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4

49
 10 10 10
3
8 3 ;K+! (k+2)¤ - ;K+! (k¤ +2)= ;K+! {(k+2)¤ -(k¤ +2)}
8
10
1 7 = ;K+! (4k+2)
7¥8
1+2+3+y+7= =28 10 10
2 =4 ;K+! k+ ;K+! 2
3
8 6 10¥11
8 =4¥ +2¥10
2
k=28+6=34
=220+20
=240
240

6 6
4 ;K+! (k+1)(k+a)= ;K+! {k¤ +(a+1)k+a}
6 6 6
1 2 3 240 4 5 = ;K+! k¤ +(a+1) ;K+! k+ ;K+! a
68 7 91 8 9 10 512
6¥7¥13 6¥7
= +(a+1)¥ +6a
6 2
15 15
1 ;K+! (a˚+1)¤ + ;K+! (a˚-1)¤ =91+21(a+1)+6a
15 =27a+112
= ;K+! {(a˚+1)¤ +(a˚-1)¤ }
27a+112=274 a=6
15
= ;K+! (2a˚¤ +2)
15
=2 ;K+! a˚¤ +2¥15 8 1 8 1
5 ;K+! = ;K+!
a˚ k¤ +2k
=2¥30+30
8 1
=90 = ;K+!
k(k+2)
8 1 1 1
= ;K+! { - }
2 k k+2
10 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 ;K+! {(a˚+b˚)+(a˚-b˚)}= ;K+! (a˚+b˚)+ ;K+! (a˚-b˚) = [{1- }+{ - }+{ - }
2 3 2 4 3 5
=50+10=60 1 1 1 1
+y+{ - }+{ - }]
7 9 8 10
10 10 1 1 1 1
;K+! 2a˚=60 ;K+! a˚=30 =
2
{1+ - -
2 9 10
}

10 10 10 1 58 29
;K+! {(a˚+b˚)-(a˚-b˚)}= ;K+! (a˚+b˚)- ;K+! (a˚-b˚) = ¥ =
2 45 45
=50-10=40

10 10
;K+! 2b˚=40 ;K+! b˚=20 6
1
=
1
a˚+a˚≠¡ 'k+'ƒk+1
10 10 10
;K+! (3a˚+4b˚)=3 ;K+! a˚+4 ;K+! b˚ 'k-'ƒk+1
=
('k+'ƒk+1)('k-'ƒk+1)
=3¥30+4¥20=170
'k-'ƒk+1
= ='ƒk+1-'k
-1

50
 www.ebsi.co.kr

12¤ +3¥12
n=12 =90
2
80 1 80
;K+! = ;K+! ('ƒk+1-'k)
a˚+a˚≠¡ 13¤ +3¥13
n=13 =104
={('2-'1)+('3-'2)+('4-'3) 2

+y+('8å1-'8å0)} 100 13 10

='8å1-'1 13

=9-1=8 14, 13, 12, y, 3, 2, 1

8 13 10 5 .

9
7 a¡º=a¡+ ;K+! b˚
10 n
=1+Tª=1+(9¤ +9) n
=91 1 1 3 1 3 5 7
{ }, { , }, { , , , },
91 2 2¤ 2¤ 2‹ 2‹ 2‹ 2‹
1 3 5 15
{ , , , y, }, y
2› 2› 2› 2›
8 b¡=a™-a¡=2-1=1
b™=a£-a™=4-2=2 1
10 1
2⁄ ‚
, {b«} r
n 2n-1 1 9
b™
r= =2
b¡
b«=1¥2n-1=2n-1 1¥(2· -1)
1+2+2¤ +y+2° = =511
2-1
n-1
a«=a¡+ ;K+! b˚ 1
512
n-1
2⁄ ‚
=1+ ;K+! 2 k-1
m=512
n-1
1¥(2 -1) 512
=1+
2-1
=2n-1 (næ2)
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=1+2+2¤ +y+2·
1¥(2⁄ ‚ -1)
=
2-1
1 2 29 3
=2⁄ ‚ -1

1 a˚≠¡=S˚≠¡-S˚
10 a˚≠¡ 10 S˚≠¡-S˚
9 n ;K+! = ;K+!
S˚ S˚≠¡ S˚S˚≠¡
n 10 1 1
(2, 1), (3, 2, 1), (4, 3, 2, 1), y = ;K+! { - }
S˚ S˚≠¡
n n+1 1 1 1 1 1 1
={ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }
1 n S¡ S™ S™ S£ S¡º S¡¡
(n+1)(n+2) 1 1
2+3+4+y+(n+1)= -1 = -
2 S¡ S¡¡
n¤ +3n 1 1
= = - S¡=a¡=2
2 2 S¡¡

51
 1 1 1 10¥11 10¥11¥21
- = =7¥ -
2 S¡¡ 3 2 6
1 1 1 1 =385-385
= - =
S¡¡ 2 3 6 =0
S¡¡=6

1 1 1
14 1 14 1 1
3 1+
1+2
+
1+2+3
+y+
1+2+3+y+10
2 ;K+! = ;K+! { - }
k(k+1) k k+1 10 1
= ;K+!
1 1 1 1 1 1 1+2+3+y+k
={ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }
1 2 2 3 14 15 10 1
= ;K+!
1111
1 14 k(k+1)
=1- =
15 15 2
p+q=15+14=29 10 2
= ;K+!
29 k(k+1)
10 1 1
=2 ;K+! { - }
k k+1
3 a«≠¡-a«=2n
1 1 1 1 1
{a«} 2n =2[{1- }+{ - }+y+{ - }]
2 2 3 10 11
9
a¡º=a¡+ ;K+! 2k =2{1-
1
}
11
9¥10
=a¡+2¥ 20
2 =
11
=a¡+90=94
a¡=4
10
4 a¡¡=a¡+ ;K+! b˚
10
;K+! b˚=a¡¡-a¡=a2_6-1-a2_1-1

=6-1=5

1 2 3 4 5 100
5 n
10
1 ;K+! (a™˚–¡+a™˚)=(a¡+a™)+(a£+a¢)+y+(a¡ª+a™º) n

20
(1), (1, 2), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3, 4), y
= ;K+! a˚ n n
=20¤ -2¥20 1 n
=360 n(n+1)
1+2+3+y+n=
2
8¥9
1 8 =36
2
10 10
2 ;K+! k(7-k)= ;K+! (7k-k¤ ) 10¥11
1 10 =55
10 10
2
=7 ;K+! k- ;K+! k¤ 9 10

52
 www.ebsi.co.kr

¡ a˚=(1+2+3+y+9)+(1+2+3+y+10)
55
3 ='4('5-'3)+'5('6-'4)
k=37
+'6('7-'5)+y+'4å8('4å9-'4å7)
9¥10 10¥11
= + =('4'5-'3'4)+('5'6-'4'5)
2 2
+('6'7-'5'6)+y+('4å8'4å9-'4å7'4å8)
=45+55
='4å8'4å9-'3'4
=100
=4'3_7-'3_2
100
=28'3-2'3
=26'3

'ƒk+3('ƒk+4-'ƒk+2)='ƒk+3'ƒk+4-'ƒk+2'ƒk+3
f(k)='ƒk+2'ƒk+3
1 2 3 4 5 304 45
;K+! 'ƒk+3('ƒk+4-'ƒk+2)
6 7 8 121 9
45
= ;K+! ('ƒk+3'ƒk+4-'ƒk+2'ƒk+3)
n
1 S«= ;K+!a˚=n¤ +2n 45
= ;K+! { f(k+1)-f(k)}
næ2 ,
={ f(2)-f(1)}+{ f(3)-f(2)}+y+{ f(46)-f(45)}
a«=S«-S«–¡
=f(46)-f(1)
=(n¤ +2n)-{(n-1)¤ +2(n-1)}
='4å8'4å9-'3'4
=2n+1
=28'3-2'3
10 10
;K+! a™˚= ;K+! (4k+1) =26'3

10¥11
=4¥ +10
2
2n 2n(2n+1)
=230 4 ;K+! k= =n(2n+1)
2
n(2n+1) n 2n+1
f(n)=2n+1
2 20 20
;K+! f(k)= ;K+! (2k+1)
a+b=-4, ab=1
(k+a)(k+b)=k¤ +(a+b)k+ab 20
=2 ;K+! k+20
=k¤ -4k+1
20¥21
=2¥ +20
2
10 10
;K+! (k+a)(k+b)= ;K+! (k¤ -4k+1) =440
10 10 10
= ;K+! k¤ -4 ;K+! k+ ;K+! 1

10¥11¥21 10¥11
= -4¥ +10
6 2 5 1…‹ 'k<2 1…k<8 , a˚=1
=385-220+10 2…‹ 'k<3 8…k<27 , a˚=2
=175 3…‹ 'k<4 27…k<64 , a˚=3
4…‹ 'k<5 64…k<125 , a˚=4

53
 100
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=10a¡+5b¡,
;K+! a˚=1¥7+2¥19+3¥37+4¥37
a¡¡+a¡™+a¡£+y+a™º=10a¡+5b¡
=304
a¡+a™+a£+y+a¡º=a¡¡+a¡™+a¡£+y+a™º
304
, , .

1 1 1 1
6 a™˚–¡a™˚≠¡
= { -
a™˚≠¡-a™˚–¡ a™˚–¡ a™˚≠¡
}

a™˚≠¡-a™˚–¡=(a™˚≠¡-a™˚)+(a™˚-a™˚–¡) 8 n
=2+2=4 n
(0, 1), (0, 1, 2, 1), (0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1), y
10 1 n 2n
;K+!
a™˚–¡a™˚≠¡ 1 n S«
110 1 1
= ;K+! { n(n+1)
n
4 a™˚–¡
-
a™˚≠¡
} S«= ;K+! 2k=2¥ =n(n+1)
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , 2
= [{ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }]
4 a¡ a£ a£ a∞ a¡ª a™¡
1 10 1 19 .
1 1 1 2
= { - }= 1 20 11 2 .
4 a¡ a™¡ 45
1 10
1 1 8
- =
a¡ a™¡ 45 S¡º=10¥11=110
a™¡=a¡+20¥2=a¡+40 p=110+2=112
1 1 8 1 9
- =
a¡ a¡+40 45 Sª=9¥10=90
40 8 100 10 10 .
=
a¡(a¡+40) 45
10 0, 1, 2, y, 9, 10, 9, y, 2, 1
a¡(a¡+40)=225
10 10 9 .
a¡¤ +40a¡-225=0
q=9
(a¡+45)(a¡-5)=0
p+q=112+9=121
a¡>0 a¡=5
121

7 a«≠¡-a«=1 9 n
n
b«=1 (n=1, 2, 3, y)
(1), (2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), y
b¡+b™+b£+y+b¡º=1+1+1+y+1=10
p q
a¡¡=a¡¥(-1)⁄ ‚ =a¡ ,
(p, q)
a¡¡=a¡+(b¡+b™+b£+y+b¡º)
.
b¡+b™+b£+y+b¡º=0
1 {(1, 1)},
{b«} b¡, -b¡, b¡, -b¡, y
2n 2n-1
2 {(3, 1), (2, 2), (1, 3)},
;K+! b˚=0, ;K+! b˚=b¡ (n=1, 2, 3, y)
3 {(5, 1), (4, 2), (3, 3), (2, 4), (1, 5)},
2n-1
a™«=a¡+ ;K+! b˚=a¡+b¡,
20 6
2n
a™«≠¡=a¡+ ;K+! b˚=a¡ (20, 6) 13 6

54
 www.ebsi.co.kr

n 1 a« 2 2n+1
a«=1+(n-1)¥ =
{a«} 1, 2, 5, 10, y , 3 3
2k+1
;K+! [a˚]= ;K+! [ ]
30 30
{a«} {b«}
3
{b«} 1, 3, 5, 7, y
2(3k-2)+1 2(3k-1)+1
= ;K+! [ ]+ ;K+! [ ]
10 10
b«=2n-1 (n=1, 2, 3, y)
3 3
12
a¡£=a¡+ ;K+! b˚ 2¥3k+1
+ ;K+! [ ]
10

3
12
=1+ ;K+! (2k-1) 1 1
= ;K+! [2k-1]+ ;K+! [2k- ]+ ;K+! [2k+ ]
10 10 10

3 3
12¥13
=1+2¥ -12 10 10 10
2 = ;K+! (2k-1)+ ;K+! (2k-1)+ ;K+! 2k
=145
10
13 1 145 = ;K+! (6k-2)
13 6 150 10¥11
=6¥ -2¥10
2
=310

2 n P (n, n)
f(n)
f(1)=1+1
f(2)=1+1+2+2+3+3
f(3)=1+1+2+2+3+3+4+4+5+5
1 310 2 3 4 420

f(n)=2{1+2+3+y+(2n-1)}
2 2n+1
1 a«=1+(n-1)¥
3
=
3 =2¥
(2n-1)¥2n
2
2k+1
;K+! [a˚]= ;K+! [ ]
30 30

3 =2n(2n-1)
f(8)=16¥15=240
3 5 7 9 11 13
=[ ]+[ ]+[ ]+[ ]+[ ]+[ ]
3 3 3 3 3 3 f(9)=18¥17=306
15 17 19 P (9, 9)
+[ ]+[ ]+[ ]+y
3 3 3 306
57 59 61
+[ ]+[ ]+[ ] P 5 300
3 3 3
(9, 9) 6 P
=(1+1+2)+(3+3+4)+(5+5+6)+y
(3, 9)
+(19+19+20)
=(1+3+5+y+19)
+(1+2+3+4+5+6+y+19+20)
10(1+19)
3 n n a«
20¥21
= + {a«} 1, 4, 7, 12, 17, 24, y ,
2 2
=100+210=310 {a«} {b«}

310 {b«} 3, 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, y

55
 18
a¡ª=a¡+ ;K+! b˚

=1+2(3+5+7+y+19)
10
9(3+19)
=1+2¥ =199
2
a=199 1 2 3 4 5
a™º=a¡ª+21=199+21=220 6 7 8
b=a™º-2=220-2=218
a+b=199+218 =417 1 ¤ n=k
2+4+6+y+2k=k(k+1)

4 A (1, 0) OA”=1 2+4+6+y+2k+2(k+1)

OQ”=p AQ”=p-1 =k(k+1)+ 2(k+1) = (k+1)(k+2)
1 f(k)=2(k+1) g(k)=(k+1)(k+2)
OAPR (p+1)¥2=p+1
2
f(10)+g(8)=2(10+1)+(8+1)(8+2)=112
1
PAQ (p-1)¥2=p-1
2
(p+1) (p-1)=3 2
3(p-1)=2(p+1) p=5 2 {a«} 1 2a«≠¡=a«+a«≠™
1 1
P (5, 2) f(5)=logå 5=2 a«≠¡-a«=a«≠™-a«≠¡ a™-a¡= -1=-
2 2
a¤ =5
a>1 a='5
1
20 20 20 aª=1+(9-1)¥{-
;K+! f(10˚ )- ;K+! f(2˚ )= ;K+! { f(10˚ )-f(2˚ )}
}=-3
2

20
= ;K+! (log'5 10˚ -log'5 2˚ )

20 10˚ 2 2
= ;K+! log'5 3 a«≠¡=
3
a« {a«}
3
2˚
20 2 n-1 2 4 16
= ;K+! log'5 5˚ a¡=27 a«=27¥{
3
} a∞=27¥{
3
}=
3
20 20¥21
= ;K+! 2k=2¥
2
=420 a«≠¡ a«≠™ 1
420
4 a«
=
a«≠¡
{a«}
2

;3!;
a™ 2 1 2 n-1
= = a«= ¥{ }
a¡ 3 2 3
;2!;
11
;2!; ¥{;3@;}
a¡™ 2 -3 27
= ={ } =
a¡∞ 14 3 8
;2!; ¥{;3@;}

5 a«≠¡-a«=2n {a«} {b«}

56
 www.ebsi.co.kr

b«=2n
(n-1)n n-1
a«=1+ ;K+! (-2)¥(-3)k-1
n-1 n-1
a«=a¡+ ;K+! b˚=3+ ;K+! 2k=3+2¥
2
=n¤ -n+3 (næ2) (-2)_{1-(-3)n-1}
=1+
1-(-3)
a¡∞=15¤ -15+3=213
1 1
= ¥(-3)n-1+ (næ2)
2 2

a«≠¡=a«+2n n 1 2 3 y n-1
a«≠¡=-3a«+2 yy`
a«≠™=-3a«≠¡+2 yy`
a™=a¡+2¥1
- a«≠™-a«≠¡=-3(a«≠¡-a«)
a£=a™+2¥2
{a«} -2 -3
a¢=a£+2¥3

+>≥ a«=a«–¡+2(n-1)≥
7 n a
a«=a¡+2{1+2+3+y+(n-1)}
n 0 1 2 3 y 10
(n-1)¥n
=3+2¥ =n¤ -n+3 (næ2) a 0 1 1+2 1+2+3 y 1+2+3+y+10
2

a
6 a«≠¡=-3a«+2 a«≠¡-a=-3(a«-a)
10_11
1+2+3+y+10= =55
a«≠¡=-3a«+4a 2
1
4a=2 a=
2
1 1
a«≠¡-
2
=-3{a«- }
2
8 a n

1 1 1 1 a n
[a«- ] a¡- =1- =
2 2 2 2 2 1
-3 2+(1+1) 1

1 1 1 1 2+(1+1)+(2+1) 2
a«- = ¥(-3)n-1 a«= ¥(-3)n-1+
2 2 2 2
1 1 730 2+(1+1)+(2+1)+y+(k+1) k
a¶= ¥(-3)fl + = =365
2 2 2
n=10
10 10_11
a=2+ ;K+! (k+1)=2+ +10=67
2
a¡=1 a«≠¡=-3a«+2
n=1 a™=-3a¡+2=-1
n=2 a£=-3a™+2=5
n=3 a¢=-3a£+2=-13
n=4 a∞=-3a¢+2=41
1 2 3 4 5
1, -1, 5, -13, 41, y

-2, 6, -18, 54, y 1 ⁄ n=1 =1 =2'1=2

{a«} -2 -3

57
¤ n=m {b«+3} b¡+3 2
m 1
;K+! 2'∂m
'k b«+3=(b¡+3)¥2n-1
m+1 1 1m 1
;K+! = ;K+! + ={
1
+3}¥2n-1
'k 'k 'ƒm+1 a¡
1 =(5+3)¥2n-1=2n+2
2'∂m+
'ƒm+1
b«=2n+2-3
2"√m¤ +m+1
= 1
'ƒm+1 a«=
2n+2-3
2æ{≠m+;2!;}2 +1 1 1 1
a˚< <
< 2000 2k+2-3 2000
'ƒm+1
2k+2-3>2000, 2k+2>2003
=2'ƒm+1
2⁄ ‚ =1024, 2⁄ ⁄ =2048
n=m+1
k+2æ11 k
⁄, ¤ n
kæ9
k 9

1 1
2 a«≠¡=
2
a«+3 a«≠¡-6=
2
(a«-6)
4 a« % 5g b« % 1g
1
{a«-6} a¡-6=-5 a«≠¡ %
2
11_5+11_1
a« b«
100 100 5a«+b«
1 n-1 a«≠¡= _100=
a«-6=-5{ } 5+1 6
2
a« % 1g b« % 3g
1 n-1
a«=6-5{ } b«≠¡ %
2
11_1+11_3
a« b«
1 k 1 k-1
a˚≠¡-a˚=6-5{ } -6+5{ } 100 100 a«+3b«
2 2 b«≠¡= _100=
1+3 4
} {1- }=5{ }k
1 k-1 1 1
=5{ 5 1 1 3
2 2 2 p= , q= , r= , s=
6 6 4 4
1 k 1
5{ }< 2˚ >500 5 3 1
2 100 pr-qs= - =
24 24 12
2° =256, 2· =512 2˚ >500 k
9

5 S
a« 100-3n
3 a«≠¡=
3a«+2 100
100-3næ0 3n…100 n…
1 3a«+2 1 2 3
= = +3
a«≠¡ a« a«≠¡ a«
33 Næa? a=33
1
=b« b«≠¡=2b«+3
a«
b«≠¡+3=2(b«+3)

58
 www.ebsi.co.kr

2n
1 2 a«≠¡= a«
n+1
(n+1)¥a«≠¡=2¥na«
a˚ n
1 a«≠¡=n¥2« + ;K+! (næ1) yy` {na«} 1¥a¡=1 2
k

2n-1
a˚ n-1 n¥a«=1¥2n-1 a«=
a«=(n-1)¥2« —⁄ + ;K+! (næ2) yy` n
k
24-1
a¢= =2
4
- 2 n
a«
a«≠¡-a«= (n+1)¥2« —⁄ +
n
(n+1)a«
a«≠¡= + (n+1)¥2« —⁄ 1 2 37 3 4 5 15
n
n+1
a«≠¡ a«
1 a«≠¡=a«-2 a«≠¡-a«=-2 {a«}
= +2« —⁄ a -2
n+1 n
a« a«=a+(n-1)¥(-2)=-2n+2+a
b«=
n a¡º=-20+2+a=10 a=28
(n+1)¥2« —⁄
b«≠¡=b«+ (næ2)
n+1
b™=3 2 a«≠¡¤ =a«a«≠™ {a«}
n-1 2(2« —¤ -1) a™ 3
b«=b™+ ;K+@ 2˚ —⁄ =3+ = 2« —⁄ +1 (næ2) a¡
= =9
2-1 ;3!;
4 (n=1)
a«=[ 1 n-1 2n-3
a«= ¥9 =3
n_( 2« —⁄ +1 ) (næ2) 3
f(n)=(n+1)¥2« —⁄ , g(n)=2« —⁄ +1 log£ a™º=log£ 3‹ ‡ =37
f(4)+g(7)=5¥2‹ +(2fl +1)=40+65=105 37

1
3 a«≠¡=a«+
n(n+1)
n 1, 2, 3, y, n-1
n
2 a«≠¡=2¥
n+1
a« (n=1, 2, 3, y)

1 1
a™=2¥ a¡ a™=a¡+
2 1¥2
2 1
a£=2¥ a™ a£=a™+
3 2¥3
3 1
_} a¢=2¥ a£ a¢=a£+
≥ 4 3¥4
1
a¢=2‹ ¥ a¡
4
1
1 +}≥ a«=a«–¡+≥ (n-1)¥n
a¢=2‹ ¥ ¥1=2
4
1 1 1 1
a«=a¡+ + + +y+ (næ2)
1¥2 2¥3 3¥4 (n-1)n

59
 a«≠™-a«-192 0
n+2
1 1 1 1 (2 -1)-(2« -1)-192 0
+ + +y+
1¥2 2¥3 3¥4 (n-1)n 3¥2« -192 0 2« 64
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2fi =32, 2fl =64 n
={ - }+{ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }
1 2 2 3 3 4 n-1 n
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 n 15
1
=1- 15
n

1 1 1
a«=a¡+{1- }=-2+{1- }=-1- a¡=-2
n n n
1 1
a£º-a¡º={-1- }-{-1- }
30 10
1 1 1 1 2 148 3
= - =
10 30 15
1 na«≠¡=(n+1)a«+3 n(n+1)
a«≠¡ a« 3
= +
n+1 n+1 n n(n+1)
4 a«≠¡=
n+2
a« n 1, 2, 3, y, n-1
a« a¡
3
=b« b«≠¡=b«+ b¡= =1
n n(n+1) 1
n-1 n-1 3
a™=
2
a¡ b«=b¡+ ;K+! (b˚≠¡-b˚)=1+ ;K+!
3 k(k+1)
n-1 1 1
a£=
3
a™ =1+3 ;K+! { - }
4 k k+1

4 1 1 1 1 1 1
a¢= a£ =1+3[{ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }]
5 1 2 2 3 n-1 n
1
=1+3{1- }
n
n
_}≥ a«= n+1 a«–¡ 3
=4- (næ2)
n
2 3 4 n
a«=a¡_{ _ _ _y_ } 3
3 4 5 n+1 a«=nb«=n{4- }=4n-3
n
2
=2_ a¡=2 a™º¡£-a™º¡º=4(2013-2010)=4_3=12
n+1
4
= (næ2)
n+1
4 1 2 {a«+a«≠¡} 1 3
aªª= =
100 25
a«+a«≠¡=1+(n-1)¥3=3n-2

a¡+a¡ºº=(a¡+a™+a£+a¢+y+aªª+a¡ºº)
5 a«≠¡=2a«+1
-(a™+a£+a¢+a∞+y+aª•+aªª)
a«≠¡-a=2(a«-a)
={(a¡+a™)+(a£+a¢)+y+(aªª+a¡ºº)}
a«≠¡=2a«-a a=-1
-{(a™+a£)+(a¢+a∞)+y+(aª•+aªª)}
a«≠¡+1=2(a«+1) {a«+1}
=(1+7+y+295)-(4+10+y+292)
a¡+1=2 2
50 49
a«+1=2¥2n-1=2« a«=2« -1 = ;K+! (6k-5)- ;K+! (6k-2)

60
 www.ebsi.co.kr

50_51 49_50 b˚≠¡=a˚-b˚ b˚≠¡+b˚=a˚

={6_ -5_50}-{6_ -2_49}
2 2 20
;K+! b˚=(b¡+b™)+(b£+b¢)+(b∞+b§)+y+(b¡ª+b™º)
=148
148 =a¡+a£+a∞+y+a¡ª
10 10
= ;K+! a™˚–¡= ;K+! 22k-1
a¡+a¡ºº=(a¡+a™)-(a™+a£)+(a£+a¢)-y
1 10
-(aª•+aªª)+(aªª+a¡ºº) = K; +! 4˚
2
=1-4+7-10+y+289-292+295 1 4(4⁄ ‚ -1)
= ¥
=(1-4)+(7-10)+y+(289-292)+295 2 4-1

=(-3)_49+295=148 2
= (4⁄ ‚ -1)
3

3 a«≠™-pa«≠¡=q(a«≠¡-pa«)
p+q=6, pq=8 p=2, q=4 p=4, q=2
⁄ p=2, q=4 a«≠™-2a«≠¡=4(a«≠¡-2a«) 2 A«≠¡ A« 3 1

a«≠¡-2a«= 4« —⁄ a™-2a¡=1 yy`

a¡=4 a«≠¡=3a«+1 (n=1, 2, 3, y)
¤ p=4, q=2 a«≠™-4a«≠¡=2(a«≠¡-4a«)
a«≠¡-4a«= 2« —⁄ a™-4a¡=1 yy`
p=3, q=1
-
1 1 1
2a«=4« —⁄ -2« —⁄ =2¤ « —¤ -2« —⁄ a«≠¡+ =3{a«+ } [a«+ ]
2 2 2
a«= 2¤ « —‹ -2« —¤ 1 1 9
a¡+ =4+ = 3
2 2 2
f(n)=4« —⁄ , g(n)=2« —⁄ , h(n)=2¤ « —‹ -2« —¤
1 9
f(5)=4› =2° , g(10)=2· , h(10)=2⁄ ‡ -2° a«+ = ¥3« —⁄
2 2
h(10) 2⁄ ‡ -2° 2° (2· -1)
= = =2· -1=511 3« ±⁄ -1
g(10)-f(5) 2· -2° 2° (2-1) a«=
2
10p+q=31
3‹ ¤ -1
a¡ºπ≠œ=a£¡=
2

1 2 3
3 {a«}

1 {a«} 2 2 a¡=7 a™=3 a£=-1 a¢=9 a∞=5 a§=1 a¶=-3

a«=2¥2 n-1
=2« a•=7 aª=3 y
P(b˚ b˚¤ ) a˚ a«=a«≠¶ (n=1, 2, 3, y)
7
y=a˚(x-b˚)+b˚¤ 100=7_14+2 ;K+! a˚=21
y=x¤ x 100 7

a˚(x-b˚)+b˚¤ =x¤ ;K+! a˚=14 ;K+! a˚+(aªª+a¡ºº)

x¤ -a˚¥x+a˚b˚-b˚¤ =0 =14_21+(7+3)
(x-b˚)(x+b˚-a˚)=0 =304
x=b˚ x=a˚-b˚

61
 sin 2n=—1 n
11
1
3-;n!;-13
3n¤ -n-1 n¤
1 2 27 3 4 5 4 lim
n ⁄¶ 2n¤ +1
= nlim
ڦ 1
2+13
6 n¤
1
lim {3-;n!;-13}
n ⁄¶` n¤
1 lim a«=0 0 =
n ڦ 1
lim {2+13}
n ڦ`
{0} 0 0 n¤
3-0-0
n⁄¶ ⁄0
10 10 =
[ ] 0 2+0
n n
3
n⁄¶ ⁄0
1 1 =
- [- ] 0 2
n n

{1+(-1)« }
0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, y
5 lim ('ƒn+2-'ƒn-1)
n ڦ

n⁄¶ ⁄0
1 1 ('ƒn+2-'ƒn-1)('ƒn+2+'ƒn-1)
[ ] 0 = nlim
ڦ
n¤ n¤ 'ƒn+2+'ƒn-1
lim a«=0
n ڦ
{a«} (n+2)-(n-1)
= nlim
⁄¶ 'ƒn+2+'ƒn-1
3
= nlim
⁄¶ 'ƒn+2+'ƒn-1

12
2 lim a«=3 3
n ڦ
'n
lim (b«+10)= nlim b«+ nlim 10 = nlim
⁄¶ 'ƒn+2+'ƒn-1
1111111
n ڦ ڦ ڦ

(b«+10)=-1+10=9 'n

12
3
lim a«(b«+10)= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
a«_ nlim
ڦ
(b«+10) = nlim
'n
ڦ
æ≠112+æ≠112
n+2 n-1
a«(b«+10)=3_9=27 n n
27
12
3
'n
= nlim
ڦ
Æ…1+;n@;+Æ…1-;n!;
3 n

lim 12
-1<sin 2n<1 3
n ڦ`
1 sin 2n 1 =
'n
- < <
n n n lim {Æ…1+;n@;+Æ…1-;n!;}
n ڦ`
1 1
lim {- }= nlim
n ڦ ڦ n
=0
n 0
=
sin 2n 'ƒ1+0+'ƒ1-0
lim
n ڦ
=0
n =0

62
 www.ebsi.co.kr

6 lim
2« +1
= nlim
2«
{ +
1 3 lim ("√n¤ +2n-n)
n ڦ
n ڦ ڦ
}
3« 3« 3«
("√n¤ +2n-n)("√n¤ +2n+n)
2 n = nlim
} +{ }n ]
1 ڦ
= nlim "√n¤ +2n+n
ڦ
[{
3 3
2n
2 n = nlim
{ }n
1 ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
{ } + nlim
ڦ
"√n¤ +2n+n
3 3
12
2n
2 1 n
=0+0=0 { -1< <1 -1< <1}
3 3 = nlim
ڦ
1111+1
"√n¤ +2n n
n n
2
= nlim
ڦ
æ≠1113+1
n¤ +2n
n¤
2
= nlim
ڦ
Æ…1+;n@;+1

2
=
'ƒ1+0+1
1 2 3 4 5 16
=1
6 7 8 9 10
11 12

(2n-1)(3n+2) 6n¤ +n-2

1 lim
n ڦ (n+1)(2n+1)
= nlim
⁄¶ 2n¤ +3n+1

2
6+;n!;-13
n¤ 'ƒn+2-'n
= nlim
ڦ 4 lim
1 n ⁄¶ 'n-'ƒn+1
2+;n#;+13
n¤
('ƒn+2-'n)('ƒn+2+'n)('n+'ƒn+1)
6+0-0 = nlim
ڦ
= =3 ('n-'ƒn+1)('n+'ƒn+1)('ƒn+2+'n)
2+0+0
{(n+2)-n}('n+'ƒn+1)
= nlim
⁄¶ {n-(n+1)}('ƒn+2+'n)
'n+'ƒn+1
=-2 nlim
111113
n+"√n¤ +n ⁄¶ 'ƒn+2+'n
n+"√n¤ +n n
2 lim = nlim
1555+555555555555555
n ⁄¶ ⁄¶ 'n 'ƒn+1
1112
"√n¤ +1 "√n¤ +1
n =-2 nlim
'n 'n
ڦ
1115+1555
'ƒn+2 'n
3333+æ≠333333333
n n¤ +n 'n 'n
n n¤
= nlim
ڦ 1
æ≠1 123
n¤ +1 1+æ≠1+55555
n
n¤ =-2 nlim
ڦ 2
æ≠1+55555+1
1+æ≠1+;n!; n
= nlim
⁄¶ 1+'ƒ1+0
1 =-2_
æ≠1+13 '1∂+0+1
n¤
1+'ƒ1+0 =-2_1
= =2
'ƒ1+0 =-2

63
 113+113
4n+1 3n+1 a«
4n+1
+3 n+1
4« 4«
8 2« +1
=b« a«=(2« +1)b« lim b«=4
n ڦ
5 lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
121
4n-1 4n-1 a™«=(2¤ « +1)b™«=(4« +1)b™«
n ڦ 2n ڦ
4«

4+3_{;4#;}n lim b™«= nlim b«=4

n ڦ ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
a™« (4« +1)b™«
;4!; lim
n ڦ
= lim
4« -1 n ⁄¶ 4« -1
3 n
=4 nlim 4« +1
ڦ
[4+3_{ }]
4 = nlim
ڦ
_ nlim
ڦ
b™«
4« -1
3 n 1
=4(4+3_0) { lim {
n ڦ
} =0}
4 1+13
4«
=16 = nlim
ڦ 1 _ nlim
ڦ
b™«
1-13
16 4«
1+0
= _4
1-0
6 ⁄ 0<x<1 lim x« =0
n ڦ
=4
xn+1+x 0+x
f(x)= nlim
ڦ
= =x
xn-1+1 0+1
1 1
f{ }=
2 2 a« a™«
lim
n ڦ
=4 lim
n ڦ
=4
¤ x=1 lim 1« =1 2« +1 2¤ « +1
n ڦ
a™« a™« 2¤ « +1
1n+1+1 1+1 lim
n ڦ
= lim { _
4« -1 n ⁄¶ 2¤ « +1
}
f(1)= nlim
ڦ
= =1 4« -1
1n-1+1 1+1
a™« 4« +1
1 = nlim
ڦ
_ lim
‹ x>1 lim x« =¶
n ڦ
lim
n ڦ
=0 2¤ « +1 n ⁄¶ 4« -1
x«
1
1 1+13
x¤ +11 a™« 4«
xn+1+x xn-2 = nlim _ nlim
f(x)= nlim = nlim ⁄¶ 2¤ « +1 ⁄¶ 1
ڦ xn-1+1 ڦ 1 1-13
1+112 4«
xn-1
x¤ +0 1+0
= =x¤ =4_
1+0 1-0

f(3)=3¤ =9 =4

⁄ ¤ ‹
1 1 21 9 n -1…(-1)« …1
f{ }+f(1)+f(3)= +1+9=
2 2 2 -1 (-1)« 1
… …
'ƒn+1 'ƒn+1 'ƒn+1
lim 'ƒn+1=¶
n ڦ

na« a« n(n+1) -1 1
7 lim
n ⁄¶ n¤ +1
= nlim
ڦ
[
n+1
_
n¤ +1
] lim
n ڦ
= lim
'ƒn+1 n ⁄¶ 'ƒn+1
=0

a« n¤ +n (-1)«
= nlim
ڦ
{ _ } lim
n ڦ
=0
n+1 n¤ +1 'ƒn+1
a« n¤ +n
= nlim
ڦ
_ lim
n+1 n ⁄¶ n¤ +1
=2_1=2 2n+1
10 2n-1<f(n)<2n+1
n¤

64
 www.ebsi.co.kr

(2n-1)(2n+1) (2n+1)f(n) (2n+1)¤ x

n¤
<
n¤
<
n¤
12 x¤ +(y-1)¤ =9 (0, 1) y=
n
(2n-1)(2n+1) (2n+1)¤ x-ny=0 d«
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
=4
n¤ n¤ |0-n| n
d«= =
(2n+1)f(n) "√1¤ +(-n)¤ "√n¤ +1
lim
n ڦ
=4
n¤ y
™ ™
x +(y-1) =9

x
y=;:;
n
3
n+1 1 d«
-;n!;-112 O
n+2
11 a«= a« x
111-112
3n+1 1
n+1 n+1

1 n+1 1 n+1
lim {-
n ڦ
- }=- nlim
ڦ n
- nlim
⁄¶ n+2 x¤ +(y-1)¤ =9 3
n n+2
=-0-1=-1 n¤
a«=2"√3¤ -d«¤ =2æ≠9-
n¤ +1
3n+1 1 3n+1 1
lim {
n ڦ
- }= nlim
ڦ n+1
- nlim
⁄¶ n+1 n¤
n+1 n+1 lim =1
n ⁄¶ n¤ +1
=3-0=3
n¤
lim a«=2 nlim
n ڦ ڦ
æ≠9-
n¤ +1
n+1
lim {-;n!;-112}
n ڦ
=2_'ƒ9-1=4'2
n+2
lim a«=
n ڦ 3n+1 1
lim {111-112}
n ڦ n+1 n+1

n ⁄¶ ⁄0
-1 1 1 x
= =- y= y=0
3 3 n n

y=0 x¤ +(y-1)¤ =9 (-2'2 0)

1 n+1 3n+1 (2'2 0) 4'2
lim
n ڦ
=0 nlim
ڦ n+2
=1 nlim
ڦ n+1
=3
n+1 lim a«=4'2
n ڦ
1
lim {- }=0
n ڦ n

n ڦ
1 n+1
A«{ } A(0, 1)
n+1 n+2
3n+1 1
B«{ - } B(3, 0)
n+1 n

A« B« A(0, 1),
0-1 1
B(3, 0) =-
3-0 3 1 2 12 3

1 2_5« -3«
lim a«=-
n ⁄¶ 3 1 5n+1+2«
5«

65
 2-{;5#;}n x=a«+
n
2_5« -3« 5
=
5n+1+2«
5+{;5@;}n n n
C« x a«+ A«≠¡{a«+ 0}
5 5
3 n
{ }n =0
2
lim {
n ڦ
} =0, nlim
ڦ
n
5 5 a«≠¡=a«+ (n=1, 2, 3, y)
5
2-{;5#;}n n
2_5« -3« {a«} a¡=1
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
5
5n+1+2«
5+{;5@;}n (n-1)n
n-1 k 1 n¤ -n+10
a«=1+ ;K+! =1+ _ = (næ2)
5 5 2 10
2-0 2
= =
5+0 5 a« n¤ -n+10 1
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
=
n¤ 10n¤ 10

an+b+;n&;
an¤ +bn+7
2 lim
n ڦ 3n+1
= nlim
ڦ
=4 y
3+;n!;

⁄3 ⁄ ¶
C«
a+0 -¶
an¤ +bn+7
[ ]
3n+1 O A« A«≠¡ B« x
a=0

b+;n&; A«C« 2
b+0 b
lim
n ڦ
= = =4 C«A«≠¡”=2A«A«≠¡”
3+0 3
3+;n!;
A«A«≠¡C« A«C«B«
b=3_4=12
a+b=12 B«C«”=2A«C«”
12 A«B«”="√2¤ +1¤ A«C«”='5 √A«C«
A«B«”=n
3 A« (a« 0) B«(a«+n 0)
1 n
2 A« l« B« A«C«”= _A«B«”=
'5 '5
l« l'«
l« 1 1 1 n
A«A«≠¡”= _A«C«”= _ _A«B«”=
y=2(x-a«) y=2x-2a« yy` '5 '5 '5 5
1 n
- l'« a«≠¡=a«+
2 5
1
B«(a«+n 0) -
2
l'«
1 1 1 1
y=- (x-a«-n) y=- x+ a«+ n yy`
2 2 2 2
C« l« l'«
1 1 1
2x-2a«=- x+ a«+ n
2 2 2
1 2 18 3 4 5
4x-4a«=-x+a«+n

66
 www.ebsi.co.kr

x+1 n
51255555555555555
'∂2n+'3
'∂2n+'3
4 [{
2
}]
'n
1 lim
n ڦ 'Ķ2n+3
= nlim
ڦ
11152
'ƒ2n+3 x+1
-1< …1
'n 2

'2+Æ;n#; -2<x+1…2
= nlim -3<x…1
ڦ
Æ…2+;n#; x -2, -1, 0, 1 4
'2+'0
= =1
'ƒ2+0

5 n=1 2 3 y 100 a« lim a«

n ڦ

1 n¤
3+13 lim a«= lim
3n¤ +1 n¤ 3+0 n ⁄¶ n ⁄¶ n¤ +1
2 lim
n ⁄¶ n¤ +n
= nlim
ڦ 1
=
1+0
=3
1+1 1
n = nlim
ڦ 1
1+5523
n¤
3n¤ +1 3n¤ +1 1
lim a«= nlim = =1
n ڦ ڦ
[{a«- }+ ] 1+0
n¤ +n n¤ +n
3n¤ +1 3n¤ +1
= nlim
ڦ
{a«- }+ nlim
⁄¶ n¤ +n
n¤ +n
=15+3=18
18

6n+1+1 6n+1+1 1 2 3 4 37
3 lim
n ⁄¶ (2« +1)(3« +1)
= nlim
⁄¶ 2« ¥3« +3« +2« +1

6n+1+1 1 lim ("√n¤ +nx¤ +ny¤ -n)

= nlim
ڦ
n ڦ
6« +3« +2« +1
n(x¤ +y¤ )
6« = nlim
ڦ
"√n¤ +nx¤ +ny¤ +n
1
6+13 x¤ +y¤
6« = nlim
ڦ
= nlim
⁄¶ x¤ y¤
3« 2« 1 æ≠1+13+13+1
1+13+13+13 n n
6« 6« 6«
x¤ +y¤ x¤ +y¤
6+{;6!;}n =
'ƒ1+0+0+1
=
2
=9
= nlim
⁄¶ x¤ +y¤ =18
1+{;2!;}n +{;3!;}n +{;6!;}n
(x, y) O(0, 0)
lim { }n =0, nlim { }n =0, nlim { }n =0
1 1 1 3'2
n ڦ 2 ڦ 3 ڦ 6
18p
6+{;6!;}n
= nlim
ڦ
1+{;2!;}n +{;3!;}n +{;6!;}n
2 A«B«”=3« -2«
6 S«= PA«B«
= =6
1
1
= n(3« -2« )
2

67
PC«”=3« -1 4 3n-1<2a«-nb«<3n+5
T«= PA«C« 3n-1 2a«-nb« 3n+5
< <
n n n
1
= n(3« -1)
2 3n-1 3n+5
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
=3
S« n n
3« -2«
lim
n ⁄¶ T«
= nlim
⁄¶ 3« -1 2a«-nb«
lim
n ڦ
=3
n
1-{;3@;}n
= nlim
ڦ
1-{;3!;}n 2a« a« 2n+1
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
{2_ _ }
n 2n+1 n
2 n
{ }n =0}
1-0 1
= { lim {
n ڦ
} =0, nlim
ڦ
a« 2n+1
1-0 3 3 =2 nlim _ lim
ڦ 2n+1 n ڦ n
=1
=2_10_2
=40

2a« 2a«
3 næ2 x¤ +y¤ =n¤ y lim b«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
[
n
-{
n
-b«}]
(0, n), (0, -n)
2a« 2a«-nb«
a«=n a«>0 = nlim
ڦ
- nlim
ڦ
n n
x¤ +y¤ =n¤ x='n =40-3
y=—"√n¤ -n =37
x¤ +y¤ =n¤ x='n 1
37
('n "√n¤ -n)
y (0, "√n¤ -n)
b«="√n¤ -n
lim (a«-b«)= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
(n-"√n¤ -n)
(n-"√n¤ -n)(n+"√n¤ -n)
= nlim
ڦ
n+"√n¤ -n 1 2 3 31
n¤ -(n¤ -n)
= nlim
ڦ
n+"√n¤ -n
a« a¡
n 1 næ2 {
b«
}=A« —⁄ { }
b¡
= nlim
ڦ
n+"√n¤ -n
a«≠¡ a¡
1
n { }=A« { }
b«≠¡ b¡
n
= nlim
⁄¶ a¡ a«
1+1112
n "√n¤ -n
=A[A« —⁄ { }]=A{ }
n n b¡ b«
1 1 2 a«
= nlim
ڦ ={
1 }{ }
2 1 b«
1+Æ…1-1
n
a«≠¡=a«+2b« b«≠¡=2a«+b« (n=1, 2, 3, y)
1
=
1+'ƒ1-0
1 a«≠¡+b«≠¡=3(a«+b«)
=
2 {a«+b«} a¡+b¡=1 3

68
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a«+b«=1¥3n-1=3n-1 p p 1 n-1
a«- ={a¡- }{- }
a«+b« 3 3 2
lim
n ⁄¶ 3« -2« +1 p 1 n-1 p
a«={a¡- }{- } +
3 2 3
3n-1
= nlim
⁄¶ 3« -2« +1 p 1 n-1 p 1 n-1
lim {a¡-
n ڦ
}{- } ={a¡- } nlim {- } =0
3 2 3 ڦ 2
;3!;
= nlim
ڦ
1-{;3@;}n +{;3!;}n p p
lim a«=0+
n ڦ
=
3 3
;3!; p=3, q=1
2 n
{ }n =0}
1
= { lim {
n ڦ
} =0, nlim
ڦ
1-0+0 3 3 10p+q=30+1=31
1 31
=
3
a«≠¡=pa«+q (p+0, p+1, q+0)
{a«} |p|<1
lim a«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
a«≠¡ lim a«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
a«≠¡=a

2 lim a«=a
n ڦ
lim b«=b
n ڦ
lim c«=c
n ڦ
n
lim a«≠¡= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
(pa«+q)=p nlim
ڦ
a«+q
0<a«<b«<c«
0…a…b…c yy` a=pa+q

1 2 3 q
a«= b«= c«= n a=
n n n 1-p

0<a«<b«<c« lim c«=0

n ڦ

lim b«=b=0
n ڦ
0…a…0
1 p 1
a=0 a«≠¡=- a«+ |- |<1 {a«}
2 2 2
lim a«c«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
a«_ nlim
ڦ
c«=a_c=0_c=0
lim a«c«=a_c>0
n ڦ
a+0 a>0 1 p
lim a«=a
n ڦ
a=- a+
2 2
bæa
lim b«>0 p
n ڦ
a=
3

p p
3 0<a«<
2
0<2a«≠¡<p { 0<a«≠¡<
2
}

2a«≠¡+a«
sin 2a«≠¡=sin a« HjK 2a«≠¡=p-a«
1 p
a«≠¡=- a«+
2 2
p 1 p p
a«≠¡- =- {a«- } [a«- ]
3 2 3 3
p 1
a¡- -
3 2

69
 1
4 S¡= _4¤ _sin 60˘
12 2
'3
=8_ =4'3
2
A«≠¡B«≠¡C«≠¡ A«B«C«
13 2 3 4 1
2

3n-1 A«≠¡B«≠¡C«≠¡ A«B«C«

;N+! a«= nlim
¶
1 ڦ
S«= nlim
ڦ n+1 1 2 1
{ }=
2 4
3-;n!;
= nlim 1
⁄¶ S«≠¡= S« (n=1, 2, 3, y)
1+;n!; 4

3-0 1
= =3 {S«} 4'3
1+0 4

3
4'3 4'3 16'3
;N+! S«=
¶
= =
3
2n 1-;4!;
;N+! {a«-
¶ ;4#;
2 n+1
}

2n
lim {a«-
n ڦ
}=0 a
n+1
2n 2n 1 '3
lim a«= nlim _a¤ _sin 60˘= a¤
n ڦ ڦ 2 4
[{a«- }+ ]
n+1 n+1
2n 2n
= nlim
ڦ
{a«- }+ nlim
ڦ n+1
n+1
=0+2=2

1 2 50 3 4 5
6 7
1 n-1 1
3 [{
2
} ] 1
2
n k-1 k
1 n-1 1 1 1 ;K+! { -
;N+! {
¶ }
} = = =2 k k+1
2
1-;2!; ;2!;
0 1 1 2 n-1 n
={ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }
n-1 1 2 2 3 n n+1
1 1
[2¥{ } ] 2
4 4 n n
=0- =-
n+1 n+1

1 n-1 2 2 8
;N+! 2¥{
¶
} = = =
4 3 n 1 1
1-;4!; ;4#; lim = lim = =1
n ڦ n+1 n ڦ 1+0
1+;n!;
1 n-1 1 n-1
N; +! [{
¶
} +2¥{ } ]
2 4
1 n-1 ¶ 1 n-1 n-1 n k-1 k
= ;N+! { } + ;N+! 2¥{ }
¶ n
;N+! { ;K+! {
¶
- }= nlim
ڦ
- }
2 4 n n+1 k k+1
8 14 n
=2+ = = nlim
ڦ
{- }=-1
3 3 n+1

70
 www.ebsi.co.kr

n(n+1) =0+2=2
2 1+2+3+y+n=
2 n¤ a« n+1
lim na«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
{ _ }
a 2a n+1 n
;N+! = ;N+!
¶ ¶

1+2+3+y+n n(n+1) n¤ a« n+1

= nlim
ڦ
_ lim
1 n+1 n ڦ n
=2a ;N+!
¶

n(n+1) =2_1=2

n 1 n 1 1
;K+! = ;K+! { - }
k(k+1) k k+1
1 n
;N+! 5-n+1=5 ;N+! {
¶ ¶
1 1 1 1 1 1
={
1
- }+{ - }+y+{ -
2 2 3 n n+1
} 5 5
}

1 1
= - ;5!;
1 n+1 =5_
n 1-;5!;
=
n+1
1
=5_
4
1 n 1 n
;N+! ;K+!
¶
= nlim = lim =1 5
n(n+1) ڦ k(k+1) n ڦ n+1 =
4

a 1
;N+! =2a ;N+!
¶ ¶

1+2+3+y+n n(n+1)
=2a=100 ;2!;
= ;N+! { }n =
1 1
;N+! a«= ;N+!
¶ ¶ ¶
6 2« 2
=1
1-;2!;
a=50
50
;3@;
= ;N+! { }n =
2« 2
;N+! b«= ;N+!
¶ ¶ ¶
=2
3« 3
n n 1-;3@;
;N+! {a«-
¶
3 n+1
} lim {a«-
n ڦ n+1
}=0
_ ={ }n
1 2« 1
n n a«b«=
lim a«= nlim 2« 3« 3
n ڦ ڦ
[{a«- }+ ]
n+1 n+1
;3!;
n n 1
;N+! a«b«=
¶
= nlim
ڦ
{a«- }+ nlim
ڦ n+1
=
n+1 2
1-;3!;
=0+1
;N+! (a«+b«-a«b«)= ;N+! a«+ ;N+! b«- ;N+! a«b«
¶ ¶ ¶ ¶
=1

1
=1+2-
2
n¤ a«-2n
;N+!
¶
5
4 n+1 =
2
n¤ a«-2n n¤ a« 2n
lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ n+1
{ - }=0
n+1 n+1
;N+! a« ;N+! b«
¶ ¶

n¤ a« n¤ a« 2n 2n
lim
n ڦ n+1
= nlim
ڦ
[{ - }+ ]
n+1 n+1 n+1
n¤ a« 2n 2n
;N+! a«b«= ;N+! a«_ ;N+! b«
¶ ¶ ¶
= nlim
ڦ
{ - }+ nlim
ڦ n+1
n+1 n+1

71
;N+! a«b«= ;N+! a«_ ;N+! b«=1_2=2
¶ ¶ ¶
;2“;
2
;N+! S«=
¶
= p
3
1-;4!;

7 C«

C«≠¡

C«≠™ H«≠¡
H«
1 2 32 3
y

A
B«≠™ B«≠¡ B«

n¤ +1
;N+! {na«-
¶
B«≠¡B«C«≠¡ P« H« Q« 1 }=3
2n+1
n¤ +1
S«=P«-Q« lim {na«-
n ڦ
}=0
2n+1
n¤ +1
b«=na«-
B«≠¡, C«≠¡ AB«, AC« 2n+1
B«C«” // B«≠¡”C«≠¡” b« n¤ +1
a«= +
B«B«≠¡ ” B«≠¡”C«≠¡” B«≠¡B«C«≠¡ n 2n¤ +n

90˘ lim b«=0

n ڦ

1 b« 1 1
B¡B™”= _AB¡”=2 B™B¡C™ lim
n ڦ
= nlim
ڦ
{b«_ }= nlim
ڦ
b«_ nlim
ڦ n
=0_0=0
2 n n
1 b« n¤ +1
P¡= _(p_2¤ )=p lim a«= nlim
n ڦ ڦ
{ + }
4 n 2n¤ +n
1 b« n¤ +1 1 1
B™C™”= _B¡C¡”=2 H¡ = nlim
ڦ
+ nlim
⁄¶ 2n¤ +n
=0+ =
2 n 2 2
1 p 1 1 1
Q¡= _(p_1¤ )= lim a«¤ = nlim a«_ nlim a«= _ =
2 2 n ڦ ڦ ڦ 2 2 4
p p lim (a«¤ +2a«+2)= nlim a«¤ +2 nlim a«+ nlim 2
S¡=P¡-Q¡=p- = n ⁄¶ ⁄¶ ⁄¶ ⁄¶
2 2
1 1 13
1 (a«¤ +2a«+2)= +2_ +2=
B«≠¡”B«≠™”= _B«B«≠¡” 4 2 4
2
1 2 1
P«≠¡={ } P«= P«
2 4
1 2 r
B«≠™”C«≠™”= _B«≠¡C«≠¡”
2 a•=a∞_r‹

Q«≠¡={ }2 Q«= Q«
1 1 1
2 4 2fi =2° _r‹ , r‹ =
2‹
1 1 1
S«≠¡=P«≠¡-Q«≠¡= (P«-Q«)= S« r=
4 4 2
p 1 1
{S«} S¡= aª=a•_r=2fi _ =2› =16
2 4 2

72
 www.ebsi.co.kr

16 p 4
;N+( a«=
¶ '3
=32 {S«} -
6 4 9
1-;2!;

32
1-123 11113
p '3 2p-3'3
6 4 12 6p-9'3
N; +! S«=
¶
= =
1
4 5 20
a∞=ar› =2° yy` 1-1
9 9
a•=ar‡ =2fi yy`
1
÷ r‹ =2—‹ r= a=2⁄ ¤
2
1
;N+( a«
¶
aª
2
aª=ar° =2⁄ ¤ _2—° =2› =16

aª
;N+( a«=
¶
=2_16=32
1-;2!;

1 2 3 30 4 5

3 A
n 1
1 ;K+!
2 (2k-1)(2k+1)
3
1 n 1 1
= ;K+! { - }
1 O 2 2k-1 2k+1
B™ C™
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= [{ - }+{ - }+{ - }+y
M 2 1 3 3 5 5 7
B¡ P Q C¡
S¡ 1 1
+{ - }]
2n-1 2n+1
2
B™C™”=AB™”= _3=2 1 1
3 = {1- }
2 2n+1
B™C™ O B™C™ B¡C¡
p
P Q OPQ 1 n 1
3 ;N+! ;K+!
¶
= nlim
ڦ
(2n-1)(2n+1) (2k-1)(2k+1)
OPQ
1 1
1 p '3 p '3 = nlim
ڦ
{1- }
S¡= _1¤ _ - ¥1¤ = - 2 2n+1
2 3 4 6 4
1 1
B«C« r« = (1-0) { lim
n ڦ
=0}
2 2n+1
1 1
r«= B«C«”= AB«” yy` 1
2 2 =
2
AB«” AB«≠¡”=3 2
2
AB«≠¡”= AB«” yy`
3
5« ±⁄ -1
2 lim S«= nlim
n ⁄¶ ⁄¶ 5« +5n-1
1 1 2 2 1 2
5-{1}n
r«≠¡= AB”«≠¡”= ¥ AB«”= { AB«”}= r« 1
2 2 3 3 2 3
5
= nlim
ڦ
2 2 4 1
S«≠¡={ } S«= S« 1+1
3 9 5

73
 5-0 a
= { lim {;5!;}n =0}
n ڦ
1+;5!; -5, -4, -3, y, 3, 4
a -5
25
=
6

25
;N+! a«= nlim
¶

ڦ
S«=
6
5¤ -1 25-1
a¡=S¡= = =4
5⁄ +5‚ 5+1

;N+@ a«= ;N+! a«-a¡

¶ ¶

1 2 3 4
25 1
= -4=
6 6
1 n cos np=-1
n cos np=1
;N+! a« ;N+! b«
¶ ¶
3 10 20 cos np=(-1)«
1 n
} cos np= ;N+! [{ }n _(-1)« ]
1
;N+! {
¶ ¶

;N+! (2b«-a«)=2 ;N+! b«- ;N+! a«

¶ ¶ ¶
2 2
1 n
= ;N+! {-
¶
=2_20-10 }
2
=30
30 -;2!;
=
1-{-;2!;}
4 a«=2_('3)n-1
1 1 1 n-1
= _{ } -;2!;
a« 2 '3 =

1 1
1 1 ;2#;
1 2 2
N; +! =
¶
= 1
a«
111
1 '3-1 =-
1-12 3
'3 '3
'3
=
2('3-1)
1 n
} cos np=- +{ }2 -{ }3 +{ }4 -{ }5 +y
1 1 1 1 1
;N+! {
¶
'3('3+1)
= 2 2 2 2 2 2
4
3+'3 1 n
= ;N+! {-
¶
= 2
}
4

-;2!;
=
2a+1 n 1-{-;2!;}
;N+! {
¶
5 10
}

2a+1 -;2!;
-1< <1 =
10
;2#;
-10<2a+1<10
11 9 1
- <a< =-
2 2 3

74
 www.ebsi.co.kr

2 a r(-1<r<1) lim b«= nlim

n ڦ ڦ
(a«≠¡-a«)= nlim
ڦ
a«≠¡- nlim
ڦ
a«=0-0=0
a™=ar=-3 yy`
a
;N+! a«=
¶
=4 yy`
1-r
1 1
a=4(1-r) r 4 AB™”=
2
_AB¡”=
2
4r(1-r)=-3, 4r-4r¤ =-3 '3
C¡B™”='3_AB™”=
4r¤ -4r-3=0, (2r+1)(2r-3)=0 2

1 1 1
r=- -1<r<1 AC™”= _AB™”=
2 2 4

1 B™C™”='3_AC™”=
'3
r=- 4
2
1
- a=-3
2 C¡B™”+B™C™”+C™B£”+B£C£”+y
a=-3_(-2)=6 '3 '3 '3 '3
= + + + +y
a¡ºº 1 11 2 4 8 16
a¡+ =a+r=6+{- }=
aªª 2 2
123
'3
2
= ='3
1
1-1
2
3 b«=a«≠¡-a« {a«} {b«}
n-1
a«=a¡+ ;K+! b˚ (n=2, 3, 4, y)
n-1
lim a«=a¡+ nlim
n ڦ ڦ
;K+! b˚=a a
n-1
lim ;K+! b˚=a-a¡
n ڦ

;N+! b«=a-a¡
¶

16 2 3
;N+! b«
¶

a«=n b«=a«≠¡-a«=(n+1)-n=1 1 b¡=a¡+a™+a£=2+1+0=3

{a«} {b«} a¡ 2
a¢=a3_1+1= = =1,
2⁄ 2
;N+! a«
¶
lim a«=0
n ⁄¶ a™ 1
a∞=a3_1+2= = ,
2⁄ 2
;N+! b«
¶
{a«}
a£ 0
a§=a3_1+3= = =0
2⁄ 2
lim b«=0
n ڦ

{b«} 2+1+0 3
b™=a¢+a∞+a§= =
2 2
a¡ 2 1
a¶=a3_2+1= = = ,
2¤ 2¤ 2
a™ 1 1
a•=a3_2+2= = = ,
2¤ 2¤ 4
;N+! a«
¶
lim a«=0
n ڦ
a£ 0
aª=a3_2+3= = =0
lim a«≠¡=0
n ڦ
2¤ 2¤

75
 1 a¡(1-r« )
= _
1-r 1-r
2+1+0 3
b£=a¶+a•+aª= =
2¤ 2¤ a¡(1-r« )
=
(1-r)¤

3 1
b«= (n=1, 2, 3, y) a¡=2, r=
3
2n-1
3 2[1-{;3!;}n ]
;N+! b«=
¶
=6
1-;2!; T«=
{;3@;}2
6
[1-{ }n ]
9 1
=
2 3

lim [1-{ }n ]
9 1
2 2r«≠¡ lim T«=
n ڦ 2 n ڦ 3

1 9 1 n
= _(1-0) { lim {
n ڦ
} =0}
;:;r«
2 2 3
O 60˘
9
r« =
2

n r«

1
r«= r«+2rn+1
2
1
rn+1= r«
4
[n+1 ] [n ]
3
1 2 3
S«≠¡=3_{ } _S«= S«
4 16
1
r¡= _4=1
4
S¡=3_(p_1¤ )=3p
3p 48
;N+! S«=
¶
= p
13
1-;1£6;

3 {a«} r

T«= ;K+! a˚+ ;K+@ a˚+ ;K+# a˚+y+ ;K+N a˚

¶ ¶ ¶ ¶

a¡ a™ a£ a«
= + + +y+
1-r 1-r 1-r 1-r
1
= (a¡+a™+y+a«)
1-r

76
 www.ebsi.co.kr

y=3x
y (2, 6) y=f(x)
6

T∏
(-1, 2) 2

-1 O 2 4 x

1 C=2A+B 1
y= x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k y=3x
3
0 3 1 -2
=2{ }+{ } x x=a(0…a…2)
3 -1 -3 2
1 4 ( f(a)=;3!;a‹ -3a¤ +8a+k=3a yy`
={ } {
9 f '(a)=a¤ -6a+8=3
3 0 yy`
TÇ (0, 0), (1, 3), (4, 0) y
a¤ -6a+5=0
3 (a-1)(a-5)=0 a=1 a=5
TÇ S TÇ
0…a…2 a=1 a=1
1 7
S= _4_3=6 x k=-
2 O 1 4
3
1
T∏ yæ x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k
3

-1 2 k
2 P={
2 6
} T∏ (0, 0), (-1, 2),
7
k…-
3
(2, 6)
7
1 k -
f(x)= x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k 3
3
f'(x)=x¤ -6x+8=(x-2)(x-4)
f'(x)=0 x=2 x=4
f(x)
3 log 10n=log n+1 f(10n)=f(n)+1
x y 2 y 4 y f(n)…f(2n)…f(3n)…y…f(10n)
f '(x) + 0 - 0 + 10
;K+! f(kn)=f(n)+f(2n)+f(3n)+y+f(10n)=42
f(x)
f(n)=f(2n)=f(3n)=y=f(8n)=4
f(x) x=2 x=4 f(9n)=f(10n)=5
1
yæ x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k
3
f(8n)=4 4…log 8n<5
1
y= x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k T∏ 4…3 log 2+log n<5
3
1 4-3 log 2…log n<5-3 log 2
yæ x‹ -3x¤ +8x+k
3 4-3_0.30…log n<5-3_0.30
y=f(x) (2, 6) 3.10…log n<4.10 yy`

77
 f(9n)=5 5…log 9n<6 ⁄ ¤ 200…a<500
5…2 log 3+log n<6 f(2a)+f(50a)=6 a
5-2_0.48…log n<6-2_0.48
4.04…log n<5.04 yy` 500-200=300
4.04…log n<4.10
20.2…log nfi <20.5 300 1
=
900 3
log nfi 20 nfi 21

5 {b«} 1 2
n-1
b«=2
20 20
4 100, 101, 102, y, 999 ;K+! log™ b˚= ;K+! log™ 2˚ —⁄
900
20
a f(a)=2 = ;K+! (k-1)
2…log a<3 19
= ;K+! k
log 2a=log a+log 2
2+log 2…log 2a<3+log 2 yy` 19_20
=
2
f(2a)=2 f(2a)=3
=190
log 50a=log a+1+log 5
{a«} 1 2
3+log 5…log 50a<4+log 5 yy`
a«=2n-1
f(50a)=3 f(50a)=4
m m
f(2a)+f(50a)=6 ;K+! (a˚-9)= ;K+! (2k-1)-9m

m(m+1)
=2¥ -m-9m
⁄ f(2a)=2, f(50a)=4 2
f(2a)=2 2+log 2…log 2a<3 =m¤ -9m
2…log a<3-log 2 m¤ -9m=190
log 100…log a<log 500 yy` m¤ -9m-190=0
f(50a)=4 4…log 50a<4+log 5 (m-19)(m+10)=0
3-log 5…log a<3 m=19 m
log 200…log a<log 1000 yy`
log 200…log a<log 500
200…a<500 6 P 10_10=100
¤ f(2a)=3, f(50a)=3 aμ=2m-1 a¡, a™, a£, y, a¡º 3
f(2a)=3 3…log 2a<3+log 2
3-log 2…log a<3 ⁄ 3 1
log 500…log a<log 1000 yy` a¡, a¢, a¶, a¡º
f(50a)=3 3+log 5…log 50a<4 ¤ 3 0
2…log a<3-log 5 a™, a∞, a•
log 100…log a<log 200 yy` ‹ 3 2
a a£, a§, aª

78
 www.ebsi.co.kr

b«=2n-1 b¡, b™, b£, y, b¡º 3 3 1

8+1+12
n n¤
= nlim
ڦ 3 1
⁄ 3 1 2+1+12
n n¤
b¡, b£, b∞, b¶, bª 8+0+0
=
¤ 3 2 2+0+0
b™, b¢, b§, b•, b¡º =4
aμ+b« 3
⁄ aμ, b« 3 1 2
(aμ, b«)
8 :N2 n g(x)dx=n_n¤ +:)n f(x)dx
4_5=20
¤ aμ, b« 3 2 1 :)2 n F«(x)dx=:)n f(x)dx+:N2 n g(x)dx
(aμ, b«)
3_5=15 =:)n f(x)dx+n‹ +:)n f(x)dx

=n‹ +2:)n x¤ dx
20+15 7
=
100 20
x‹
=n‹ +2_[ ]n)
3
2
=n‹ + n‹
3
5
x¤ (0…x…n) = n‹
3
7 F«(x)=g
(x-n)¤ +n¤ (n<x…2n)
5
n‹ =1215
1…k…n F«(k)=k¤ 3
a˚=k¤ n‹ =729=3fl
a¡+a™+a£+y+a«=1¤ +2¤ +3¤ +y+n¤ n=3¤ =9
n(n+1)(2n+1)
=
6
n+1…k…2n F«(k)=(k-n)¤ +n¤
a˚=(k-n)¤ +n¤
a«≠¡+a«≠™+a«≠£+y+a™«
=(1¤ +n¤ )+(2¤ +n¤ )+(3¤ +n¤ )+y+(n¤ +n¤ )
n(n+1)(2n+1)
= +n_n¤
6
n(8n¤ +3n+1)
=
6
a«≠¡+a«≠™+a«≠£+y+a™«
lim
n ⁄¶ a¡+a™+a£+y+a«

111111423
n(8n¤ +3n+1)
6
= nlim
⁄¶ n(2n¤ +3n+1)
1111111
6
8n¤ +3n+1
= nlim
⁄¶ 2n¤ +3n+1

79
memo