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UEE Assignment-1

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
32 views18 pages

UEE Assignment-1

Uee
Copyright
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LECTRICAL ENER@y @s. The. cost Ke single phose Caisihe area, of cross seq, depreciation charger on f |economle cUrrert chemskig hey) ier s < follload current toy So ceder (% overhead § on in ror?) R50’ bee km anal the \imterext and Are 10% . Determine, the mest for Aran sinigs , On re. Oftin Ye oF the year ,The cost aoe re of generating electrical energy is Sy, Per unit. Assume résistance of Am. i. tH ond Imn® ee ; en aN) SORT RECS Ion at ean nn ReaG Fog RyGlver = Anava\ char ae on capiiditinetadert ose 3 \Metert anal depreciation char R : ¢ onifeeder =10% vat A for Lm length and 1mm? geciton To find Ss Voz? Solutioniy hs RE Veg is giver for Lm length we hove 45 ry Find the reslatanee for 1000m: Then we have! to find Ca loss ie Poy=2T°R here 2 ts ' moltiplicd as) in question itis giver: that the 'Féeder Ig 1g i $0 there will be 2 tire @ne phaie and other nevtral) Following this to tael emanaey loss = Poy xXime) x cost of ereratiny electrical energy ee pu times 365%24% 50%, (29 given) where Pou we calculated above Costof generating electrical ererqy pu= 57+ Cqiven). Foreconomic current density according 4o Kelvin's law) Annval cost on energy wasteal = Annual charges en capital cost that varies with oreovef 1 Vn conductor aamneien Solving this we can ger Ty, i i ' 260A at IN 1 feeder'’3kin long supplies a maximum ebrrent ef 26 RS Pe suite wits ieee eee dicutrent Flowing for Fmanths. The sdetonte ZX Creda 600) and Interest f the costrofiehergy 1s 57% pu: i ; 400V , the demand 1s such tha wopld be produced by: the full ea cost of conductor ikmand tmm and depreciatién charges are) lO 7 a a Find the most econamical cress $°° Oe ee Brarriintonts t/a go forefront la eaten ) giume the resistance A) Given:- R= 600 Por i200, Ret Amand tmmt.T=200A prof req =1000_ For 1000m,R SRol 4M For Lyear dime ia given so for & months 4 \s taken unit ur 2DIR ' per Per year Culoss = 21°R4 \s calculated ‘Ve fFind:-a=? According to Kelvinis law, Annual charge on capital \nvestme nt = cost of energy lose which varies with area of conductor Sewing smi Rar «20Rt Solving this We Wald abiain the Value © fo ‘i BE] 88) Determine the most economical section of Bhline Str lone : +e supply load a1 a constant voltage of 23K during each 24hr | Per period the loaalis 3000kW for L0hr, 2000 kW! For br and 1000kW for Bhr at unity power factor. The capital cost Per km of line ts (6250 +5000a) Cwhere aisiin crn?) interest and depreciation charges are Bye and cost: per energy loss \s Sy, pu. Assume resistance be '/sa4% for 1m length — | and 1mm*) area. t | A) Given:- i cosq=d (ar p.4 Ve unity qver) R-gy 2 im /imm?. ~ V=33kV | Lys lor, Pr=3000KW 45=Chr P,=2000kW t3=—hr Py=!000kW | Se we have 4o find respective 11,T 13 Using the formula | P={3 Vicosd faking cosp=! . t Then a itis a 3$line so Ru=3T°Rt ,s0 we have Find Reus, Peur and Peus then Poy= cust Pout Peus ) Cost per day = Fay Xcost per energy loss x (fer KW conversion Brom Annual charge oh capital coat varying - P,ar'= 50000 x8 (gre) with area of conductor ; Too Per day we hove to calculate the capital, cost dee & Teor, 365, According to Kelvin's law, Py gy | 3 Fee = 605+ gt enurg low perday eek this we can quk the axta of the conoluctyr. 94) Determine the most economic a Cross-Sectionol are required © Supply a 3h load at KV with Sete: MW and total ener Ao the su ; | unity power factor The cost re Maximum demand of Ay per annum 2.5 militia unit at of cob! no e s | perm (ais in mrt). The aut pb ransiaatencean, Gos ce8 Fenerqy wasted 16 10% piu intererd | and deprectation \S NO" - Assume toss load factor (4 G-6.25 assume resistance is Ysq SQ for Ln length and i. 50.254 96x n Rand Lrmmtarea A) Gwen - Peak load = 1Mw i Actual load = 2.5 x 16% kwh Loss load factor cf) =? | fe. Actvalload per annum Peak load for the period supstituting this value of fin the given equottor, G25 $40.45) y % Insane © FBTR =u = V3 Veosh FL =Pu = Peak lost As G=_Actval loss _ =} Actuol loss = 6 X peak lost Peak loss oat Then calculating cost of per annum a = actual toss x (865 X24) x Ener ra Cooute: ctual eu Culors bh x Cle for KW conersis+) a, tooo Prar = 0.200% I/gq (ax interest and depreciation charge|’ \o*/) According +0 Kelvin, law, | rar = cost of per annum actual Culoss this we will ob4*ain area of eross - Section of conductor Selving @5)A Zuire DC distributer shown below if the supply voltaq! | 280v. Calculate the voltage ot different load points, the resistance of distributor is 0.0001 2 per conductor per metre Baxip ya SOM yg BOM ye ee n the 2 8 f) Applying, KCL at each junetic ae c en corvents Lac Teo Tne ord Ten were ov 20k R=2 x (respective lengin of wire) x0.001 aleviated calculated: Bon SOA SOA ver) As it is a 2wire Sys se So Rep Roe 1 Repand Rac were ¢ ot dlifferent load points w c= Vag TacRac where» we Oy calculated 4, Vaz 250V and Tac & Rac ve calevlated prict Then volta Vee Va- atop ind Vp= Ve-dropin cP Ve = Vp-drop in DE QE)A DE distributor cable 1s 1000 m lenganidiis loaded axthown | 6 in the Figure the ve'sistante of each canductor \g 0.05,9- per l000m | Ao" éalevlate eet ateach lead point «| ees EBEOR Boras 1 ce ° & re A) First current flowing ears se cacaryl Beam leicom. | : } Sross- section ig calculated by ., es é y Using KEL, , « (ooA’ '3dN 1 SDA! 114 sy So Revictancs < > y clei SCL OOS | Clength. of ee TED? bo! AoA A) . By using the above formula VaTVr Ron Rag and Ree! Were calculated) ** w , Now, Va= 250 ~ chop across OA = 250~Ta,x Row 5 Pp i si | Ves= Va- drop across AB } Ne N= Ve- oop aciogs ‘Bey! h QF) 4 2 wire distributor 500m longia leaded as shotinbelowis fed | py atend A, the voliage at dhe feecling\end is 220M JAW mostmubn | Vellage dro psallaweld iis 5.75 of the supplied , calculate the cross-sectional Orea +o.be vsed ,jlake the resistivity of Cuas Yo on ? | 4) Applying RCL afeach oa pee co BD E J we can Find eurrept Flowing | | wy through each Cross-sectiani-e " 1b 2BAs p Tas, Tec eof Tne ene alee ads 3 kK m4 f te Max veltoge rep = me of supply ae given) eat Tig oe alah | Le So we Would! considér resistance ax r Qin ay it 1s "Hot gives i Renistance = 2 X(distanceicoverediby wire) Xr 4 vat 2 So RawiRecs Rey, Ree, Were calculated As os Voltage. drop = ve “Js of Supply Voltage” er Tha Raglt TeeRec t TopRep t Roe Ine = 2 2206 Then selving ate we would act @ Value of r+ ; Q 1 Them puiting w= pl 2x + pwe would que , 1d sad & Kt 18 Value ari: ys ‘ ths tq besos sou tm g) Adistributer \s fed ot both ends aa iy ; ‘ some th of feeder 1 e Naltgogletd Ps eee oer : ne 209m and \oods are Aneatet 250v.4, SCE pales ; ' calle re £ minimum potential . A follows , Ui) the current In each section (ny) the volage At lood point. : qre resistance per 1000m of the conductor f £ Q We 200m Or BO ONE ety ; a8 A a se A s Me > E f _ | ay aetere the clistributer aR Fg ; is fea from bothend ao yas | | Nasa is Say Neal | nove 40 Consider a minimum Bon VEG hoee 7 | we Som 80K Fs ; ant which con be or D'\.e Liven 4 . juatedt at the centres loge 44 si \— 180 rr } now applying: KCL at each junction ; } ye will find the corremt Inc slop Tne ,Tpeand Trp Resistance = 0.3% X& conductor length | Tosco oO By wing the above formula we have to calculate tonal Ree Ree | As minium potential point \3 considered oy £ 7 potential ot would be same Va drop across AE = Ve Vg- drop across BE = Ve So SA sHey the above tuo VK Ree Np- drop across AC,CD and DE = Ve~ drop across FB,EF 5 250-CincRact TepRent Lpe Roe) =250- (TreXRret Ret ay i Then we by solving this*we can get the minimum petential © current through each section ond voltage af each load point (4) NOTE.If the current ot the tead conaidered minimum potential i is imu otentlal pent, point is positive then that point is minimum poten , \e e mi ym potential if this negative then the point before. 1s the minimum pa ; se-sectlen Q9)Find the minimum potential point Determine the cross voltage! of 220V+ ef conductor for a minimum conse mer Rae) a 300m im, 200m 200m 100m 5 iN ¢C D. E Ge avin | loll AYA mintmund potential point Is considered which ts ot the Centre jie E here andl let r be the resistance of conduttor per Metie. aner Applying KCL at each junction we can find current throuph \o1 Fach cross section. cur Gh Resistance across each cross section 18 calculated os cyt Resistance =1 x 2 % length of omolurtor eS é Here, Minimum’ consumer’ voltage = 220V Cqrver) 5 L To find cross-section of the conductor Sr ore Taking Ato E 1 seetion, 4 Koo Ve = Vo Ipe Re rv: = Ve-IcpRen-Lpe Roe A) S > a con Ve= Ma -TrRre -LeoRep-Lve Roe — C1) | eats Taking Bo E ax section VE Ve-¥TepRer = Vo-Trara-TeeRee Ve=Ve-TesRea- TreRra-TerRer__(3) As we have two unknowns the current and resistance so by Solving the 4wo equations we will obtain the value of rand eventually a and alsa value of current across each oross section ea and the minimum potential point A 410) Determine the current supplied to the ring main from A to B ie ne eA As val G) Vaz Ve is CN) Vg=VatS se fo aft 0.04 | 0.04 A) Here in the question as ary {c F >I5A Th we have two unknowns go we Y A ofain 0.0 have do tele tio equations 40 salve ae 5 4 it, 0.06 SA | (Considering, loop ACDEB e where E 10 E St jis dhe intersection point, = we will take Ve ds the potential Point and eqvate the two \Sops i Va - diop across AE © Ve ~Arop across. BE Feet Jing at r ng the equatlons en aaa Pt obtained £, : current through eoch brane i % and 0 a9 | cry This is colwed in the come rranner on the + | problems and so current as evrained A) At aver in the question 4W0 cones were , ‘ : veneered one withitorinersor ahd the other without connector i Letus consider r as the res . 9g without intercennector and r’ be resistonce, with inter ae ae current Stowing through each crot were applying KCL Then applying KVL int a ne loop the ovtained and to a each cross section Wo A and C In core of presen valves so two eg Solving the equotiom curr oie 3 section wos obtained Then toking same voltage drap in both cose and equating th? voltage drop carers Atac ut and without intereonnect@? the volume wor compared a. andouler 8 ol beiween middle 2) Determine the Vv each load peint - r ) A) Applying KeL at poreach point current s pa liilarese 4 Traler, Toe, J, through each cross section [tec Lae: Tra dur ire ter: pe, Ted) ‘. CaF, QDEHR TER applying KVL Ineach loop PAD@ ,ABFED, ® ab i Thet Voltabey, Vaby Vpeu Meu 7Veu he the Volta a 100 between Pie Vulre. and outer duines ie, calavigt ec iy med atone end at 220 G12) AB udte ‘Devdtgrrbute hots Fad Of PNG ST ee: between wires and miadlemiire: a shown in the fique i The numbers between section iran jhe ré eae of io | e voltage scr+ween mic le wire a Texpective section: Caleviale ¥ Mage De ovter wire at each lead point Cea Mesa OM tec A) Hae : 5 V10A 3K : Applying KCL. at each | 220V A 12, Point we can find the nS Las Current Plowing through | 5 See oa €ach cross section: 220 Applying KVL In each loop a a < ) Foe apa ee < we would get the voltage R ra ae between middle wire and Outer wire atieach lead point 4.e- Van ) Vee »Ver Var Veg ,V | * IVE ke Q14)A 1g) clistributer fed at end Ais located as shownir Ahe figure. The toop resistance and reactance per km) are 0.3 and | 0.152. rerpeciively, Determine voltage drop at for end. A) A ,t00m 300m 300m _ | Given - R = 0.35% 7 ( | Ke OSD L L | Soa GOA 40a | Total voltage diop Pf 0.907 » t.9 0+% ceosh | =Neltage drop due to R Tt Noliate drop'due to x = 0.3 si $a5 [x X length of eaveluctor x power factor for 3 wires OS eet fn Til aves | 0 ¢] @15) A BC shunt motor rated at 250V ,JOkKW 1500 rpm hay q R || full load effictency of Box% ,We field and armature resictance } ore 1202 ond 6.25 respectively Determine the oe resistonce to be inserted in serien with Srmoture ond poy fost in the armoture circuit to reduce speed to 1200+ pen (dLoad terque-ia independent ofspsed % (8) Lead torque is directly prepartional 49 speed nd Li) Lood torque \8 proportional 40 square. 1 oe \ eivens- Rat od. 2502 V= 2504 We !200rpm — Ry = to Por =tokw cee : Ura 20% Ve od Frye Wore *e ; 3 Ae tine ce eet eT Ton? Gt? YF $ Reat=? ¥ zs E | “2 EQ Cqiver) ieee Lee L rd ISA SR, Bat AS Tee 4 yore As 6k Weel By solving this we will obtain the volue-of Ty 3 and As Ii=TatI, so by substituting values of TL and Ty we can obtain Ta . Ep V-TaRa .s0 we a Eb As ER aN 2 Ebr. 1200 cost Fees a'sbo Eps Ci) As in 48* case load torque is Inde pendent of speed > T= Pla=const Slay 2 Tas *S0 Eb= V-laRe Sptae. By substituting the values we will get R so a R=Rent +Ra so we will a Rext from Unie and so the power lost an P=Ia,R YW Wdeare Thaperd 2p Tad Xapeed 2 Ta, Ns BOR To 8 Ta,=0-8Ta mataling Tag value tar EpeV-TA,R We Wil qed value of Rand hence Rent ind ‘eo power lost » + Gii)In ar remee a. care T : cure Kepead ie YY To,40.¥) To 7 4 : Substitlting Ios Inthe same for mula ods above weuil] Act the solution (6 810) Abe Seney metomtated at 220V faker o cunrent of 204 Hibenirunning ad 1o00rpm the armature and. field ‘kesistance are | OAS. and 02.0. respec tively A resisiance of ZOS2 12 connected So ACTOSS the otmatuie terminals of the motor. Calculate ee C) The speed of motor if the lead tarque 14 ‘contant andthe ess Masnetic circult remain. unsodurated, Cli) The no load speed! apimotor! (Lae Ey? = ; P Jou Cit) The Sharding [tbrque-lexprewedl iin derma’ of toreud catrerpandirg ‘ £ $ , to 20A (without armature shunted ) if an external! revistdncea SQQ is connected in series with field winding, | , car A) Given - v=200v Ty=20h-T. | NI=1000r pm 5 (ir) Ree ree e~ corse Rp=0.22 E,=V-TaRa subst tiuding the quen Value we havets, tind Ey : ) E,ekdwm : F | As ot Tp ; a. | bop Niseep a KT AN df (as tim BEN ag 2h, is const . | a ss sei aad bo x E,- kiTeNy | ar | From dhis we can objain the value, of ky j.e Kye fe £ *y To, 1y = const TT kIoTy 2 T Kk 20x20 | TK 400 Tals = 400 2 Lo, 2-400. ; “1 Applying KVL , V-TahRsht TpRy f Substituting the values of Roh WV iRy and Ty, im term we obtain an eapremion for Tsh « WeTy= Toten substiPete Isp with the Velwe equation cbtoined above, eer een J So we OK subssitdte Ty, Value obtained above hers hon sub stitdhing value of Ly, Eb, in the following eqt we cbtoined apy Ve TonRsn + Newar Ip,=IaitIch go substituting Tay anal fen euaine in btain a quadratic equa this equation we will the value of Tar and Fb, well give the value of Ty, 5 can be obtained - (it) Forno load speed Bem | T+0 pan Ta=0 | \ * T4,=Tsh ® ill ge Peis wer volume YoU, Rp tT sptah welll get q q the value of Tg, and so the value of Ep, & from the equation Ep,= Vg Ry Cir) Ay Harting Eyed N=O Be XTh=T,, Tay = Tp, Xo Ret tRa Se-thestax So ay T&Ia Ty AY T * Se Tst_ _ Last: XT yet ! I To se2on X Ltson aici, a Sobsrit n 0 T $ ; WeMng value of Taste, 1y4, Tazon ard. Taandt, | A . We Will get the ebrekaraings te ig } a f staring torque S19) A De'serioy moter 1s connected a1 shown in the figure As below aletermine the speed for which torque is maximom and ; e ermih P ae By 3 cletermine the maximum torque? and 1 hi i Been Gainer consist eve Eb+Totetl yt, — ae isp Eb khan Boat Ou +m ae ae eae 4 abe SELHKRTy ww Dealt = Eb= k Titom Lubstitute Ey, value im equation (1) ‘Then applying KVL in the circuft »,Wwe will act o-equatton ! in terms ef wm and Ki for 12 } Now opplying. KCL in the some loop we will qe a equation ra ‘ As TIpTo 4 EaileerceT, . 4 So substituting vais of T, and Ty'we willges ee iq a equation ate equstion: tay 1 cay tt Now 46 get moximism torque cond™ we have to equate | p ro dhe derivate of TJ wrt &m equal to zero | Seat this we will qe Value. of um and so value. ef T A Sd Induction moter pt rated vollagqe and re ue! and a avardtine Aorquns 6 ais) han a maximum torque. of 245% Sze at foll load torque Determine the slip Wat marimum torque Ci) ot full load torque Assume. canstant fotor resistance, and Paaieee Stator tellstance an A rotattonal lost: j : 2 Sie Ri C18) Ws (SRAt Ri) 8CXtK)” . Qws Ge Jae s oxen)? | Car eae a [RR tay)? Ast By neqecting Riwe will get > equallen for R, By substio tng value of Ro in equation eat Vy ond neglecting Ri we will abtain a simple equation i Consisting: of only Tmax, f ) Simon and 3 many 20 ar S8= Ns-Ny _ “Ns i) For erascimnem starting condi Ho t So “putting s=4 we witha qadratic

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