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    Chapter 10 - Communication - 02 - Effective Use of the Internet

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    Chapter 10 - Communication - 02 - Effective Use of the Internet

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    abobakerhassan2211
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    2 views8 pages

    Chapter 10 - Communication - 02 - Effective Use of the Internet

    Uploaded by

    abobakerhassan2211

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    1

    Effective use of the internet


    We will consider the internet, intranets and extranets. This will include many
    of the features of each type of network.

    Characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of the in-


    ternet
    The differences between the internet and the World Wide Web
    (WWW)
    Internet comes from INTERconnected NETwork, because it is a worldwide
    collection of interconnected networks.
    The internet as a whole is actually a concept rather than something we can
    touch (hardware or equipments).
    It relies on a physical infrastructure that allows networks and individual de-
    vices to connect to other networks and devices.

    The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the internet in which users can ac-
    cess using web browser software.

    1
    2

    The World Wide Web consists of a collection of web pages, and has been
    based on the hypertext transfer protocol (http) since 1989.
    The World Wide Web is a way of accessing information using the internet.
    So, the internet and the World Wide Web are different. The following TABLE
    summarises the differences.

    Summary of differences between the internet and the World Wide Web

    internet World Wide Web (WWW)


    Users can send and receive It is a collection of web pages
    emails and other information on web-
    sites
    Allows online chatting (via Uses http(s) protocols to send
    text, audio and video) (HTML) documents
    Makes use of transmission Uses Uniform resource locators
    protocols (TCP) and internet (URLs) to specify the location of
    protocols (IP) web pages
    It is a worldwide collection of Web resources are accessed by
    interconnected networks and web browsers
    devices
    WWW uses the internet to ac-
    cess information from web
    servers

    Intranets and extranets


    Many companies use both intranet and the internet.
    An intranet is a computer network based on internet technology and designed
    to meet the company needs for sharing information.
    Intranet can be accessed by the company or organisation itself (is not avail-
    able to the general public, not like the internet).
    Intranets uses a firewall and can be only accessible by:
     internally to members of the company.
     to people given different levels of access (they are external to the com-
    pany).

    Why companies prefer intranets rather than the internet?


    2
    ‫‪3‬‬

    ‫‪Reasons depending on intranets rather than the internet:‬‬


    ‫‪1) Intranets are safer (because by using firewalls there no external hacking‬‬
    ‫‪or viruses).‬‬
    ‫‪2) Easier to prevent external links.‬‬
    ‫‪3) Companies can ensure that the information available belongs to their in-‬‬
    ‫‪ternal audience’s needs.‬‬
    ‫‪4) Easier to send out sensitive messages in the knowledge that they will re-‬‬
    ‫‪main within the company.‬‬
    ‫‪5) Intranets offer better bandwidth than the internet, therefore there are‬‬
    ‫‪fewer connection limits than with the internet (that is, the number of bits‬‬
    ‫‪per second that can be transmitted are usually higher within an intranet).‬‬

    ‫‪It is also possible to create extranets that allow intranets to be extended out-‬‬
    ‫‪side the organisation, but with the same advantages as an intranet; this al-‬‬
    ‫‪lows, for example, trading partners to have controlled access to some infor-‬‬
    ‫‪mation (commercially-sensitive information is password protected).‬‬

    ‫اإلنترانت والشبكات الخارجية تستخدم العديد من الشركات شبكة اإلنترانت وكذلك‬


    ‫اإلنترنت‪ .‬يتم تعريف اإلنترانت على أنها "شبكة كمبيوتر تعتمد على تقنية اإلنترنت ولكنها‬
    ‫مصممة لتلبية االحتياجات الداخلية لمشاركة المعلومات داخل مؤسسة أو شركة واحدة"‪.‬‬
    ‫عادًة ما يقتصر الوصول إلى اإلنترانت على شركة أو مؤسسة ‪ ،‬وعلى عكس اإلنترنت ‪،‬‬
    ‫فهو غير متاح لعامة الناس‪ .‬توجد الشبكات الداخلية خلف جدار حماية ويمكن الوصول إليها‬
    ‫فقط‪» :‬داخليًا ألعضاء الشركة ‪ ،‬أو »لألشخاص الذين تم منحهم مستويات مختلفة من‬
    ‫الوصول والذين هم خارج الشركة (انظر الحًقا)‬

    ‫‪ .‬هناك عدد من األسباب العتماد الشبكات الداخلية بدًال من استخدام اإلنترنت‪» :‬‬
    ‫تعتبر الشبكات الداخلية أكثر أماًنا نظًر ا لوجود فرصة أقل للقرصنة الخارجية أو الفيروسات‬
    ‫‪ » .‬من األسهل منع الروابط الخارجية ‪ ،‬على سبيل المثال ‪ ،‬بعض المواقع اإللكترونية‬
    ‫‪ » .‬يمكن للشركات التأكد من أن المعلومات المتاحة خاصة باحتياجات جمهورها الداخلي‬
    ‫‪» .‬من األسهل إرسال رسائل حساسة مع العلم بأنها ستبقى داخل الشركة‬
    ‫‪» .‬توفر الشبكات الداخلية نطاًقا ترددًيا أفضل من اإلنترنت ‪ ،‬وبالتالي هناك حدود اتصال‬
    ‫أقل من اإلنترنت (أي أن عدد البتات في الثانية التي يمكن نقلها يكون عادًة أعلى داخل‬
    ‫شبكة إنترانت)‪ .‬من الممكن أيًض ا إنشاء شبكات خارجية تسمح بتوسيع شبكات اإلنترانت‬
    ‫‪3‬‬
    ‫‪4‬‬

    ‫خارج المؤسسة ‪ ،‬ولكن مع نفس مزايا الشبكة الداخلية ؛ يسمح هذا ‪ ،‬على سبيل المثال ‪،‬‬
    ‫للشركاء التجاريين بالتحكم في الوصول إلى بعض المعلومات (المعلومات الحساسة‬
    ‫تجارًيا محمية بكلمة مرور)‪.‬‬

    ‫‪Figure 10.6 shows how intranets, extranets and the internet can‬‬
    ‫‪all be connected together. Access to servers behind a firewall is lim-‬‬
    ‫‪ited for external users.‬‬

    ‫يوضح الشكل ‪ 10.6‬كيف يمكن توصيل جميع الشبكات الداخلية واإلكسترانت واإلنترنت مًعا‪ .‬الوصول إلى‬
    ‫الخوادم خلف جدار الحماية محدود للمستخدمين الخارجيين‪.‬‬

    ‫‪4‬‬
    5

    What are the differences between the internet and an intranet?


    A table displays the differences between the internet and an intranet
    Internet Intranet
    Internet comes from the phrase: IN- Intranet comes from the phrase: IN-
    TERconnected NETwork. Ternal Restricted Access NETwork.
    Used to give local information rele- Covers everything.
    vant to the company or organization.
    Can block out certain websites. More difficult to block out certain
    websites.
    Requires a password and user ID, Can be accessed by anyone from
    and can only be accessed from anywhere (the user has an ISP ac-
    agreed points/computers. count).
    Behind a firewall, which gives some Less protection against hackers and
    protection against hackers, viruses, malware.
    and so on.
    Information used in intranets is usu- Information used in intranets is usu-
    ally stored on local servers, which ally stored on global servers, which
    makes it more secure from outside makes it less secure from outside
    users. users.

    5
    6

    Blogs, wikis, social networking sites and forums


    1- Blogs
    Web logs (Blogs) are personal internet journals where the writer (blogger) will
    type on a topic (or may provide links to some relevant websites).
    It’s always used/posted by the author (one user).
    Generally, Blogs focusing on small projects (topics) through to important so-
    cial issues.
    The comments made on blogs are under subject of the law (bloggers can be
    judged when writing offensive material).
    Features of blogs:
     Updated on a regular period by the author.
     Usually organised in descending order (from recent to last entry).
     Normally public (anyone can read them).
     Entries always are from a single author.
     Internet users cannot change blogs (they can only read them).

    Microblogs are similar to blogs, but are used on social networking sites to
    make short, frequent posts.
    In microblogs the posts can be done using instant messaging, emails or use
    other social networking vehicles (such as tweets).
    Social networking sites use microblogs to allow members to update their per-
    sonal profiles.
    (For example: B-blog (short for business blog) used by businesses to pro-
    mote themselves on the internet).

    6
    7

    2- Wikis
    Wikis are web applications or websites that allow any user to create and edit
    their web pages using any web browser.
    A wiki can involve hyperlinks and uses a very simple syntax called wiki
    markup to create pages. Can be described as ‘web pages with an <edit> but-
    ton’.
    Features of wikis:
     Anyone can edit, delete or modify the content.
     Many authors can be involved in a wiki.
     Pages can be organized by any way the author(s) wish(es).
     Shows/Keeps track of all entries (stores a document history).
     Can be easily edited using a web browser.
     Allows large documents to be seen by many people (easier than email-
    ing several people).

    3- Social networking sites


    Social networking sites used to build online communities of users who share
    the same interests and activities.
    The members can create public profiles and thus form relationships with other
    users.
    They made people able to share photos, videos and music and so on.
    The potential dangers of such sites by sending viruses.

    Features of social networking sites:


     Each member has free web storage space.
     Each member can build their own private and public profiles.
     Can upload content (like: text messages, photos and videos).
     Can write on other’s walls.
     Members has free instant messaging and video chatting.
     Can email other members within the community.
     Members can create pages so they can post photos, articles, and so
    on.
     Can invite people to become friends.
    7
    8

     Members control who can access their private or personal data.

    4- Forums
    A forum is an online discussion website where many people can post and dis-
    cuss many topics.
    There are two types of forums:
    1- Moderated
    2- Unmoderated
    A moderated forum refers to an online discussion forum in which all the posts
    are checked by an administrator before they are allowed to be posted.
    An unmoderated forum refers to an online discussion forum in which all the
    posts are not checked by an administrator before they are allowed to be
    posted.
    Many users prefer moderated forum, because administrator can:
    1) Prevent spam.
    2) Filter out any posts that are inappropriate.
    3) That wander off the main topic.

    The internet is a huge unmoderated forum, because no one ‘owns’ the inter-
    net, and it is essentially not policed or managed.
    The only protection in the internet is a voluntary company between the users
    and the network operators.
    Social forums or networking groups have a set of rules or protocols that mem-
    bers must follow or they will be deleted.

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