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Lectures 13 and 14

ir is about dac

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13 views17 pages

Lectures 13 and 14

ir is about dac

Uploaded by

tanveer1111110
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MTS 336 Instrumentation and

Measurements

Dr. Basharat Ullah

Week 07

Department of Mechatronics
College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering
Digital Signal Conditioning
Types of Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs)

Three main types:


❑ Successive Approximation/Parallel Feedback ADC
❑ Flash ADC
❑ Dual Slope ADC
Types of ADCs
Successive Approximation Approach
❑ Successively sets and tests each bit
❑ Start with all bits zero
❑ First operation: Set 𝑏1 = 1, 𝑉𝐹 = 𝑉𝑅 2−1
❑ Compare 𝑉𝐹 with 𝑉𝑥

❑ If 𝑉𝑥 is greater then 𝑉𝐹 , then 𝑏1 = 1, and


set 𝑏2 = 1, and test 𝑉𝑥 against 𝑉𝐹 =
𝑉𝑅 (2−1 +2−2 ).
❑ If 𝑉𝑥 is less then 𝑉𝐹 , then 𝑏1 = 0, and set
𝑏2 = 1
Types of ADCs
Example

Solution
Let 𝑉𝑥 = 3.127 𝑉
Types of ADCs
Types of ADCs
Flash ADC
❑ Made up of a series of comparators, each of
which evaluates the input signal in relation to a
reference voltage.
❑ A priority encoder is connected to the output of
each comparator and produces the binary code.
❑ A typical 8-bit flash ADC, for instance, there are
255 comparators (2𝑛 − 1) and 2𝑛 resistors.
❑ Advantage: highest possible sample rates
❑ Disadvantages: increased circuit components
and more power-consuming
Types of ADCs
Dual Slope ADC
❑ Dual-slope ADC uses integrator
❑ The integrator produces two ramps,
✓ One based on the known analog
input voltage
✓ Other on a reference voltage
❑ Advantages of high precision and
accuracy in measurements.
❑ Disadvantage of having slow
conversion time due to the ramp-up
and ramp-down iteration
Types of ADCs

After time T1, the input of the integrator is electronically


switched to the reference supply
Types of ADCs
Example

Solution
Comparison
Successive Approximation Flash Type Dual Slope
Advantages Good speed/resolution Fastest Accurate,
ratio, High accuracy, zero inexpensive
Latency
Disadvantages No inherent anti-aliasing Low bit resolution, Low speed
protection consumes more
power
Max Resolution 18 bits 12 bits 20 bits
Max Sample Rate 10 MHz 10 GHz 100 Hz
Main Application Data Acquisition Oscilloscopes, Voltmeters
Satellite
Communication,
Radar Processing
Types of ADCs
Example

Solution
Questions?
Lecture 14
Exercise Problem
❑ Problem: A system is presented in
the following figure to provide
computer temperature control. The
heater requires a voltage from 0.0 to
5.0 V for off (0%) to full on (100%).
The following algorithm will be used
by the computer to determine the
heater setting:
❑ If 𝑇 < 14℃: Heater at 100%
❑ If 14℃ < 𝑇 < 19℃: Heater at 70%
❑ If 19℃ < 𝑇 < 22℃: Heater at 38%
❑ If 𝑇 > 22℃: Heater at 0%
Exercise Problem
❑ Determine the ADC output for each critical temperature.
❑ Determine the necessary heater voltages and the proper DAC input to produce
those voltages.
❑ Prepare a flowchart showing how a computer program would satisfy the
algorithm requirements.
Solution
Exercise Problem
Questions?

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