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    Document 12

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    pallavi.pnk

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    Document 12

    Uploaded by

    pallavi.pnk
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    Document 12

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    pallavi.pnk

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    of 5

    1.

    Indicate the σ and π bonds in the following molecules :


    C H , C H , CH Cl
    6 6 6 12 2 2

    2. identify1°,2°,3°carbon atoms and give the number of H atoms bonded to each one of
    these.

    H C–CH –C(CH ) –CH –CH(CH ) ,


    3 2 3 2 2 3 2

    3. Write structures of different isomeric alkyl groups corresponding to the


    molecular formula C H . 5 11

     isopropyl = 1-methylethyl
     isobutyl = 2-methylpropyl
     sec-butyl = 1-methylpropyl
     tert-butyl = 1,1-dimethylethyl
     neo-pentyl = 2,2-dimethylpropyl
     iso-pentyl = 3-methylbutyl

    IUPAC Rules for Alkane Nomenclature

    1. Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain.


    2. Identify and name groups attached to this chain.
    3. Number the chain consecutively, starting at the end nearest a
    substituent group.
    4. Designate the location of each substituent group by an appropriate
    number and name.
    5. Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order.
    6. The prefixes di, tri, tetra etc., used to designate several groups of the
    same kind, are not considered when alphabetizing.

    ALKANES NOMENCLATURE

    Try to name the following compounds...

    7.

    8.

    9.
    10.

    14.

    15.

    1. 2.
    3. 4.

    5. 6.

    Try to draw structures for the following compounds...

    7. 2,2-dimethylpropane
    8. 3-methylheptane
    9. 4,5-diethylnonane
    10. 4-(1-methylethyl)heptane
    11. 5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)nonane
    12. 4-isopropyloctane
    13. Isopentylcyclohexane

    All of the following names represent a compound that has been named
    improperly. Draw out the structure from the name and give the proper
    IUPAC name for the compounds.

    a. 2,2-diethylheptane
    b. 2-propylpentane
    c. 4,4-diethylbutane
    d. 1,3-dimethylbutane
    e. 4-ethylpentane
    f. 2-ethyl-3-methylpentane
    What is the name of the follow molecule?
    1. Give condensed and bond line structural formulas and identify the functional group(s)
    present, if any, for :

    (a) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (B) 2,5,6- Trimethyl octane (C) 3-Ethyl-5-


    methylheptane

    (d) 2,4-Dimethylpentane (e) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

    1. Which of the following represents the correct IUPAC name for the compounds
    concerned ? (a) 2,2-Dimethylpentane or 2-Dimethylpentane (b) 2,4,7-
    Trimethyloctane or 2,5,7-Trimethyloctane (c) 2-Chloro-4-methylpentane or 4-
    Chloro-2-methylpentane
    2. Write structures of different chain isomers of alkanes corresponding to the
    molecular formula C H . Also write their IUPAC names.
    6 14

    3. Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:


    (i) (CH ) C CH C(CH )
    3 3 2 3 3

    (ii) (CH ) C(C H )


    3 2 2 5 2

    (iii) tetra – tert-butylmethane

    4. Write structural formulas of the following compounds :

    (i) 3, 4, 4, 5–Tetramethylheptane (ii) 2,5-Dimethyhexane

    Write structures for each of the following compounds. Why are the given names
    incorrect? Write correct IUPAC names.

    (i) 2-Ethylpentane
    (ii) 5-Ethyl–3-methylheptane

    3. Draw the bond-line structure for each of the following molecues:

    a) 4-ethyl-5-isopropyl-3-methyloctane

    b) 1-ethyl-4-methyl-2-propylcyclopentane

    c) 5-(sec-butyl)-8-isopropyl-3,4,9-trimethylundecane

    d) 6-(sec-butyl)-7-ethyl-3,4-dimethyldecane

    e) 3-ethyl-4,5-dimethylheptane
    f) 4-ethyl-3-isopropyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane

    g) 6,6-diethyl-3,5,5-trimethylnonane

    h) 4-(sec-butyl)-3,3,5,5-tetramethylheptane

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