Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

State whether each sentence is true or false. If 6. In some cases, dividing two equations in a system
false, replace the underlined term to make a together will eliminate one of the variables. This
true sentence. process is called elimination.
1. If a system has at least one solution, it is said to be
SOLUTION:
consistent.
The statement is false. In some cases, when adding
SOLUTION: or subtracting two equations in a system together will
If a system has at least one solution, it is said to be eliminate one of the variables, this process is called
consistent. So, the statement is true. elimination.

7. A set of two or more inequalities with the same

2. If a consistent system has exactly two solution(s), it is
variables is called a system of equations.
said to be independent.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
The statement is false. A set of two or more
The statement is false. If a consistent system has
inequalities with the same variables is called a system
exactly one solution(s), it is said to be independent.
of inequalities.
3. If a consistent system has an infinite number of
8. When the graphs of the inequalities in a system of
solutions, it is said to be inconsistent. inequalities do not intersect, there are no solutions to
SOLUTION: the system.
The statement is false. If a consistent system has an SOLUTION:
infinite number of solutions, it is said to be dependent. True

4. If a system has no solution, it is said to be

inconsistent.

SOLUTION:
If a system has no solution, it is said to be
inconsistent. So, the statement is true.

5. Substitution involves substituting an expression from

one equation for a variable in the other.

SOLUTION:
Substitution involves substituting an expression from
one equation for a variable in the other. So, the
statement is true.

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

Graph each system and determine the number 10. y = 2x − 4

of solutions that it has. If it has one solution, 4x + y = 2
name it.
SOLUTION:
9. x − y = 1
x+y=5 To graph the system, write both equations in slope-
intercept form.
SOLUTION:
To graph the system, write both equations in slope- Equation 2:
intercept form.
Equation 1:

Graph and find the solution.

y = 2x − 4
Equation 2: y = −4x + 2

Graph and locate the solution.

y=x−1
y = −x + 5

The graphs appear to intersect at the point (1, −2).

You can check this by substituting 1 for x and −2 for
y.

The graphs appear to intersect at the point (3, 2). You

can check this by substituting 3 for x and 2 for y.

The solution is (1, −2).

The solution is (3, 2).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

11. 2x − 3y = −6 12. −3x + y = −3

y = −3x + 2 y=x−3

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
To graph the system, write both equations in slope- To graph the system, write both equations in slope-
intercept form. intercept form.

Equation 1: Equation 1:

Graph and find the solution.

Graph and find the solution. y = 3x − 3

y=x−3

y= x+2
y = −3x + 2

The graphs appear to intersect at the point (0, −3).

You can check this by substituting 0 for x and −3 for
y.
The graphs appear to intersect at the point (0, 2). You
can check this by substituting 0 for x and 2 for y.

The solution is (0, −3).

13. x + 2y = 6
The solution is (0, 2). 3x + 6y = 8

SOLUTION:
To graph the system, write both equations in slope-

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

intercept form. 14. 3x + y = 5

6x = 10 − 2y
Equation 1:
SOLUTION:
To graph the system, write both equations in slope-
intercept form.

Equation 1:

Equation 2:
Equation 2:

Graph each equation.

Graph the equations.

y= x+3
y = −3x + 5
y= x+ y = −3x + 5

The two lines are identical, so there are an infinite

The lines have the same slope but different y-
number of solutions to the system. The system is
intercepts, so the lines are parallel. Since they do not
dependent.
intersect, there is no solution of this system. The
system is inconsistent. 15. MAGIC NUMBERS Sean is trying to find two
numbers with a sum of 14 and a difference of 4.
Define two variables, write a system of equations,
and solve by graphing.

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

SOLUTION: Use substitution to solve each system of

Sample answer: Let x be one number and y be the equations.
other number. 16. x + y = 3
x = 2y
x + y = 14
SOLUTION:
x −y =4
x+y=3
x = 2y
To graph the system, write both equations in slope-
Substitute 2y for x in the first equation.
intercept form.

Equation 1:

Use the solution for y and either equation to find x.

Equation 2: x = 2y
x = 2(1)
x =2

The solution is (2, 1).

17. x + 3y = −28
y = −5x
Graph the equations and find the solution.
SOLUTION:
x + 3y = −28
y = −x + 14
y = −5x
y=x−4
Substitute −5x for y in the first equation.

Use the solution for x and either equation to find y.

The graphs appear to intersect at the point (9, 5). So,

the numbers 9 and 5 have a sum of 14 and a
difference of 4.
The solution is (2, −10).
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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

18. 3x + 2y = 16 19. x − y = 8
x = 3y − 2 y = −3x

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
3x + 2y = 16 x−y=8
x = 3y − 2 y = −3x
Substitute −3x for y in the first equation.
Substitute 3y − 2 for x in the first equation.

Use the solution for x and either equation to find y.

Use the solution for y and either equation to find x.

The solution is (2, −6).

The solution is (4, 2).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

20. y = 5x − 3 21. x + 3y = 9
x + 2y = 27 x+y=1

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
y = 5x − 3 x + 3y = 9
x + 2y = 27 x+y=1
Substitute 5x − 3 for y in the second equation. First, solve the second equation for y to get y = −x
+1. Then substitute −x + 1 for y in the first equation.

Use the solution for x and either equation to find y.

Use the solution for x and either equation to find y.

The solution is (−3, 4).

The solution is (3, 12).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

22. GEOMETRY The perimeter of a rectangle is 48 Use elimination to solve each system of
inches. The length is 6 inches greater than the width. equations.
Define the variables, and write equations to represent 23. x + y = 13
this situation. Solve the system by using substitution. x−y=5

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Sample answer: Let w be the width and be the Because y and −y have opposite coefficients, add the
length. equations.
2 + 2w = 48
=w+6
Substitute w + 6 for in the first equation.

Now, substitute 9 for x in either equation to find y.

Use the solution for w and either equation to find .

The solution is (9, 4).
=w+6
=9+6
= 15

The solution is (9, 15).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

24. −3x + 4y = 21 25. x + 4y = −4

3x + 3y = 14 x + 10y = −16

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Because −3x and 3x have opposite coefficients, add Because x and x have the same coefficients, multiply
the equations. equation 1 by –1 so the x's are additive inverses.
Then add the equations.

Now, substitute 5 for y in either equation to find x.

Now, substitute −2 for y in either equation to find x.

The solution is .

The solution is (4, −2).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

26. 2x + y = −5 28. x − 4y = 2
x−y=2 3x + 4y = 38

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Because y and −y have opposite coefficients, add the Because −4y and 4y have opposite coefficients, add
equations. the equations.

Now, substitute −1 for x in either equation to find y. Now, substitute 10 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (−1, −3). The solution is (10, 2).

27. 6x + y = 9
−6x + 3y = 15

SOLUTION:
Because 6x and −6x have opposite coefficients, add
the equations.

Now, substitute 6 for y in either equation to find x.

The solution is .

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

29. 2x + 2y = 4 30. 3x + 2y = 8
2x − 8y = −46 x + 2y = 2

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Because 2x and 2x have the same coefficients, you Because 2y and 2y have same coefficients, multiply
need to multiply equation 2 by -1 so they are additive equation 2 by –1 so the terms are additive inverses.
inverses. Then add the equations. Then add the equations.

Now, substitute 5 for y in either equation to find x. Now, substitute 3 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (−3, 5). The solution is .

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

31. BASEBALL CARDS Cristiano bought 24 baseball Use elimination to solve each system of
cards for $50. One type cost $1 per card, and the equations.
other cost $3 per card. Define the variables, and 32. x + y = 4
write equations to find the number of each type of −2x + 3y = 7
card he bought. Solve by using elimination.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION: Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 2, the
Sample answer: Let f be the first type of card and let coefficients of the x-terms are additive inverses.
c be the second type of card.
f + c = 24 (total number of cards)
f + 3c = 50 (cost of the cards)
Because f and f have the same coefficients, multiply
equation 2 by –1 and then add the equations.

Now, substitute 3 for y in either equation to find x.

The solution is (1, 3).

33. x − y = −2
2x + 4y = 38
Now, substitute 13 for c in either equation to find f.
SOLUTION:
Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 4, the
coefficients of the y-terms are additive inverses.

The solution is (11, 13).

Cristiano bought 11 $1 cards and 13 $3 cards.

Now, substitute 5 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (5, 7).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

34. 3x + 4y = 1 36. 8x − 3y = −35

5x + 2y = 11 3x + 4y = 33

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Notice that if you multiply the second equation by −2, Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 4 and
the coefficients of the y-terms are additive inverses. the second equation by 3, the coefficients of the y-
terms are additive inverses.

Now, substitute 3 for x in either equation to find y.

Now, substitute −1 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (3, −2).

The solution is (−1, 9).
35. −9x + 3y = −3
3x − 2y = −4 37. 2x + 9y = 3
SOLUTION: 5x + 4y = 26
Notice that if you multiply the second equation by 3, SOLUTION:
the coefficients of the x-terms are additive inverses. Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 5 and
the second equation by −2, the coefficients of x-terms
are additive inverses.

Now, substitute 5 for y in either equation to find x.

Now, substitute −1 for y in either equation to find x.

The solution is (2, 5).

The solution is (6, −1).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

38. −7x + 3y = 12 40. BAKE SALE On the first day, a total of 40 items
2x − 8y = −32 were sold for $356. Define the variables, and write a
system of equations to find the number of cakes and
SOLUTION:
pies sold. Solve by using elimination.
Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 2 and
the second equation by 7, the coefficients of the x-
terms are additive inverses.

Now, substitute 4 for y in either equation to find x.

SOLUTION:
Let c represent the cakes and let p represent the
pies.
8c + 10p = 356
c + p = 40

The solution is (0, 4). Notice that if you multiply the second equation by −8,
the coefficients of the c-terms are additive inverses.
39. 8x − 5y = 18
6x + 6y = −6

SOLUTION:
Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 6 and
the second equation by 5, the coefficients of the y-
terms are additive inverses. Now, substitute 18 for p in either equation to find c.

The solution is (22, 18).

Now, substitute 1 for x in either equation to find y.
The Monarch Band Booster sold 22 cakes and 18
pies.

The solution is (1, −2).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

Determine the best method to solve each 43. x + 3y = 12

system of equations. Then solve the system. x = −6y
41. y = x − 8
SOLUTION:
y = −3x
Because one of the equations is solved for one of the
SOLUTION: variables, substitution is the best method.
Because both equations are solved for one of the Substitute −6y for x in the first equation.
variables, substitution is the best method.
Substitute −3x for y in the first equation.

Substitute −4 for y in either equation to find x.

Substitute 2 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (24, −4).

44. x + y = 10
The solution is (2, −6).
x − y = 18

42. y = −x SOLUTION:
y = 2x Because y and −y have opposite coefficients,
elimination using addition is the best method.
SOLUTION:
Because both equations are solved for one of the
variables, substitution is the best method.
Substitute 2x for y in the first equation.

Now, substitute 14 for x in either equation to find y.

Substitute 0 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (14, −4).

The solution is (0, 0).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

45. 3x + 2y = −4 46. 6x + 5y = 9
5x + 2y = −8 −2x + 4y = 14

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Because 2y and 2y have the same coefficient, Because none of the coefficients are 1 or −1,
elimination using addition is the best method. Multiply elimination using multiplication is the best method.
equation 2 by –1. Notice that if you multiply the second equation by 3,
the coefficients of the x-terms are additive inverses.

Now, substitute 3 for y in either equation to find x.

Now, substitute −2 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (−1, 3).

The solution is (−2, 1).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

47. 3x + 4y = 26 48. 11x − 6y = 3

2x + 3y = 19 5x − 8y = −25

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
Because none of the coefficients are 1 or −1, Because none of the coefficients are 1 or −1,
elimination using multiplication is the best method. elimination using multiplication is the best method.
Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 2 and Notice that if you multiply the first equation by 4 and
the second equation by −3, the coefficients of the x- the second equation by −3, the coefficients of the y-
terms are additive inverses. terms are additive inverses.

Now, substitute 5 for y in either equation to find x. Now, substitute 3 for x in either equation to find y.

The solution is (2, 5). The solution is (3, 5).

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

49. COINS Tionna has 25 coins in her piggy bank with a 50. FAIR At a county fair, the cost for 4 slices of pizza
value of $4. The coins are either dimes or quarters. and 2 orders of French fries is $21.00. The cost of 2
Define the variables, and write a system of equations slices of
to determine the number of dimes and quarters. Then pizza and 3 orders of French fries is $16.50. To find
out how much a single slice of pizza and an order of
solve the system using the best method for the
French
situation. fries costs, define the variables and write a system of
SOLUTION: equations to represent the situation. Determine the
best
Sample answer: Let d represent the number of dimes
method to solve the system of equations. Then solve
and let q represent the number of quarters. Use the the system.
fact that the value of a dime is $0.10 and the value of
a quarter is $0.25 to write the equation for the value. SOLUTION:
d + q = 25 Because none of the coefficients are 1 or −1,
0.10d + 0.25q = 4 elimination using multiplication is the best method.
Because the coefficients of d and q in the first Notice that if you multiply the second equation by -2,
equation are 1, the best method is substitution. Solve the coefficients of the p-terms are additive inverses.
the first equation for q.
q = −d + 25
Substitute −d + 25 for q in the second equation.

Now, substitute 3 for f in either equation to find p.

Substitute 15 for d in either equation to find q.

pizza: $3.75; French fries: $3

Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.

51. x > 3
The solution is (15, 10). y<x+2
So, Tionna has 15 dimes and 10 quarters in her piggy
bank. SOLUTION:
Graph each inequality.
The graph of x > 3 is dashed and is not included in
the graph of the solution.

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

SOLUTION:
Graph each inequality.

The graph of y ≤ 5 is solid and is included in the

graph of the solution.

The graph of y < x + 2 is also dashed and is not

included in the graph of the solution.

The graph of y > x − 4 is dashed and is not included

in the graph of the solution.

The solution of the system is the set of ordered pairs

in the intersection of the graphs of x > 3 and y < x +
2. Overlay the graphs and locate the green region.
This is the intersection.

The solution of the system is the set of ordered pairs

in the intersection of the graphs of y ≤ 5 and y > x −
4. Overlay the graphs and locate the green region.
This is the intersection.

The solution region is shaded in the graph below.

The solution region is shaded in the graph below.

52. y ≤ 5
y>x−4

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

The solution region is shaded in the graph below.

53. y < 3x − 1
y ≥ −2x + 4

SOLUTION:
Graph each inequality.
The graph of y < 3x − 1 is dashed and is not included
in the graph of the solution.

54. y ≤ −x − 3
y ≥ 3x − 2

SOLUTION:
Graph each inequality.
The graph of y ≤ −x − 3 is solid and is included in the
The graph of y ≥ −2x + 4 is solid and is included in graph of the solution.
the graph of the solution.

The graph of y ≥ 3x − 2 is also solid and is included in

The solution of the system is the set of ordered pairs the graph of the solution.
in the intersection of the graphs of y < 3x − 1 and y ≥
−2x + 4. Overlay the graphs and locate the green
region. This is the intersection.

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

The solution of the system is the set of ordered pairs

in the intersection of the graphs of y ≤ −x − 3 and y ≥
3x − 2. Overlay the graphs and locate the green
region. This is the intersection.

The graph of g + n ≤ 20 is also solid and is included

The solution region is shaded in the graph below. in the graph of the solution.

55. JOBS Kishi makes $7 an hour working at the

grocery store and $10 an hour delivering newspapers.
The solution of the system is the set of ordered pairs
She cannot work more than 20 hours per week.
in the intersection of the graphs of 7g +10n ≥ 90 and
Graph two inequalities that Kishi can use to
g + n ≤ 20. Overlay the graphs and locate the green
determine how many hours she needs to work at
region. This is the intersection.
each job if she wants to earn at least $90 per week.

SOLUTION:
Let g represent the number of hours Kishi works at
the grocery store. Let n represent the number of
hours she spends delivering newspapers. Write a
system of inequalities.
7g +10n ≥ 90
g + n ≤ 20
Graph each inequality.
The graph of 7g +10n ≥ 90 is solid and is included in
the graph of the solution.

The solution region is shaded in the graph below.

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Study Guide and Review - Chapter 6

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