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Class 9 Physics Motion Part C Notes 1624286029

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18 views5 pages

Class 9 Physics Motion Part C Notes 1624286029

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madhanadhi7
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© © All Rights Reserved
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DAV SCHOOL

SREE NANDEESWARAR CAMPUS

ADAMBAKKAM, CHENNAI-88

CLASS : IX PHYSICS

PART C - GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MOTION

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:

A. DISTANCE-TIME GRAPH:
(i) OBJECT AT REST:

(ii) UNIFORM MOTION:

𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆
Speed = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆
𝟑𝟎
= 𝟔
= 5 m/s.

(iii) NON-UNIFORM MOTION:


B. VELOCITY-TIME GRAPH:
(i) UNIFORM (CONSTANT) SPEED:

The following velocity-time graph shows the motion of a cyclist. Find (i)
its acceleration (ii) its velocity and (iii) the distance covered by the cyclist in 15
seconds.

• Acceleration = 0 m/𝑠 2
A B
• Velocity = 20 m/s
• Distance covered = Area of rectangle OABC
» = OA * OC
» = 20 * 15
» = 300 m
C

(ii) UNIFORM ACCELERATION:


The given velocity-time graph represents a particle moving in a straight line.
Determine its acceleration and displacement at 𝑡=2s.

𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑁𝐺𝐸 𝐼𝑁 𝑉𝐸𝐿𝑂𝐶𝐼𝑇𝑌
• ACCELERATION = 𝑇𝐼𝑀𝐸 𝑇𝐴𝐾𝐸𝑁
𝑣 −𝑢
• =
𝑡
𝑃𝑄 −0
• =
𝑂𝑄
𝑂𝑅
• = 𝑂𝑄
30
• = 2
R P
2
• = 15 cm/𝑠
• = 0.15 m/𝑠 2 Q

• DISTANCE TRAVELLED = AREA OF TRIANGLE OPQ


= 1/2 * base * height

= ½ * OQ * PQ

= ½ * OQ * OR

= ½ * 2 * 30

= 30 cm

(iii) UNIFORM ACCELERATION , BUT u ≠ 0.


Find the acceleration and the distance travelled of a moving body at time 8
seconds using the given velocity- time graph.
m/s
𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑁𝐺𝐸 𝐼𝑁 𝑉𝐸𝐿𝑂𝐶𝐼𝑇𝑌
Acceleration = 𝑇𝐼𝑀𝐸 𝑇𝐴𝐾𝐸𝑁 40
𝑣 −𝑢
= 𝑡
40 −10 30
= 8
30 20
= 8
2 A E
= 3.75 m/𝑠
10
Distance travelled D
2 4 6 8 SECONDS

= area enclosed by the speed-time curve and


D
the time-axis
D
= area of trapezium OABD
= ½ * sum of parallel sides * height
= ½ * (10 + 40) * 8
= ½ * 50 * 8
= 200 m.

NUMERICALS:

1. The graph given alongside shows how the speed of a car changes with time:

i) What is the initial speed of the car ?

ii) What is the maximum speed attained by the car ?

iii) Which part of the graph shows zero acceleration ? S2


S1
iv) Which part of the graph shows varying retardation ? A
v) Find the distance travelled in first 8 hours. F

ANSWER: (i) 10 km/h (ii) 35 km/h (iii)BC (iv) CD

(V) Find the distance travelled in first 8 hours.

Distance travelled = Area S1 + Area S2


= Area of trapezium OABF + Area of rectangle FBCE

= {½ * (sum of parallel sides) * height } + { l * b }

= {1/2 * (0A + BF) * OF} + {BF * FE }

= {1/2 * (10 + 35) * 3} + {35 * (8-3)}

= {135/2} + {35 *5}

= 67.5 + 175

= 242.5 km.

2. The graph given below shows the position of a body at different times. Calculate the speed
ofthe body as it moves from:
(i) A to B (ii) B to C (iii) C to D

(i) A TO B :
𝑆
SPEED (v) = 𝑇
3−0
SPEED (v) = 4−0
3
= 4
= 0.75 cm/s
(ii) B TO C :

SPEED (v) = 0 cm/s


(iii) C TO D :

𝑆
SPEED (v) = 𝑇
7−3
SPEED (v) = 8 −6
4
=2
= 2 cm/s
3. A driver of a car travelling at 52km h−1 applies the brakes and accelerates uniformly in the opposite
direction. The car stops in 5s. Another driver going at 3km h−1 in another car applies his brakes
slowly and stops in 10s. On the same graph paper, plot the speed versus time graphs for the two
cars. Which of the two cars travelled farther after the brakes were applied?

ANSWER:
Initial speed of the car A u = 52 km/h
5
=52 × 18

=14.44 m/s
The car stops in 5 seconds
so, v = 0 at t = 5 seconds
(B) : Initial speed of the car B u=3 km/h
5
=3 × 18

=0.83 m/s
The car stops in 10 seconds
So, v = 0 at t = 10 seconds
With the help of these initial and final points for both the cases, we can plot the graph of speed vs
time.

Area under the speed-time graph gives the distance covered.


∴ Distance covered by car A = Area of triangle OAD
=1/2 * OA * OD
= ½ * 14.44 * 5
= 36.1 m
∴ Distance covered by car B = Area of triangle OBC
=1/2 * OB * OC
= ½ * 0.83 * 10
=4.15 m

Thus car A travels more distance than B.

***********************

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