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Online Bookstore Abstraction

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navajimenamheeel
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6 views9 pages

Online Bookstore Abstraction

Uploaded by

navajimenamheeel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP 5

ONLINE
BOOKSTORE
ABSTRACTION

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

ABSTRACTION
Abstraction in Object-Oriented Programming
(OOP) is the process of hiding implementation
details while exposing only essential features or
functionalities to the user. It allows developers
to create simpler interfaces by focusing on what
an object does rather than how it does it.

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

ABSTRACTION
For example, a "Car" class might have methods
like startEngine() and drive(), without revealing
the complex logic behind engine ignition or fuel
management. Abstraction is typically achieved
using abstract classes and interfaces, where
methods are declared but not implemented.
This approach enhances code readability,
reduces complexity, and promotes
maintainability by separating the interface from
the implementation.

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

ABSTRACTION
The abstraction principle in software design
involves hiding complex implementation details
and exposing only essential features to simplify
system interaction. In an online bookstore
system, several components integrate this
principle effectively:

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

User Interface Layer (Frontend) Business Logic Layer (Backend Services)

Search and Browse Books: Users can search Book Management Service: Handles book
for books by title, author, or genre without inventory, prices, and descriptions, abstracting
knowing how the search algorithm works. database queries and data storage.

Shopping Cart: Users can add, remove, or


Order Processing Service: Manages order
update items in the cart, unaware of the
validation, payment processing, and shipping,
underlying data structures managing these
hiding transaction workflows.
actions.

Checkout Process: Users enter payment and User Authentication Service: Manages login
shipping details, abstracting payment gateway and registration without exposing password
and inventory management processes. hashing and session management logic.
Object Oriented Programming
GROUP 5

Data Access Layer (Database) External Integrations

Data Repositories: Use Data Access Objects Payment Gateway Integration: Abstracts
(DAOs) or repositories to abstract complex payment processing with APIs, so the
SQL queries, ensuring data retrieval and bookstore system doesn’t handle sensitive
persistence are hidden from higher layers. financial data directly.

System Architecture Shipping Services Integration: Uses third-party


APIs for shipping calculations and tracking,
API Layer: REST or GraphQL APIs expose hiding logistics details.
well-defined endpoints, abstracting internal
system complexities from external clients like
mobile apps or partner websites.

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

Object Oriented Programming


GROUP 5

THANK YOU!

Object Oriented Programming

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