Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

Q1. Attempt any FOUR [4 X 2 = 8]

1. What is test planning?
=> Test planning is the process of defining the scope, approach,
resources, and schedule for testing activities in a project. It
involves identifying objectives, determining tasks, estimating
timelines, and establishing responsibilities, ensuring a clear
direction for quality assurance.

2. Write steps to prepare test plan.

=> Steps to Prepare Test Plan:
• Define Test Objectives: Clarify what needs to be achieved
through testing.
• Scope & Strategy: Determine the areas to be tested and the
approach.
• Resource Allocation: Assign roles and resources for testing
tasks.
• Test Environment Setup: Plan required hardware, software,
and setup needs.
• Schedule & Milestones: Set timelines and key milestones.
• Risk Analysis: Identify potential risks and mitigation
strategies.

3. What is test management?

=> Test management is the process of overseeing and
organizing the testing activities within a project. It includes
planning, monitoring, controlling, and ensuring that test
processes and resources align with project objectives to deliver
quality software.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

4. Explain defect management process with neat &

labeled diagram?
=> Defect management involves identifying, documenting,
prioritizing, and resolving defects found during testing. Key steps
include:
• Defect Detection: Identify and log defects.
• Defect Prioritization: Classify defects based on severity and
impact.
• Assignment: Assign defects to responsible team members.
• Resolution & Verification: Fix defects and verify resolution.
• Closure: Mark defect as closed if resolved satisfactorily.

5. Explain defect template.

=> A defect template is a structured format used to document
details of a defect in testing. It includes fields like defect ID,
description, severity, priority, steps to reproduce, expected and
actual results, status, and assigned personnel. This template
ensures all necessary information is consistently captured for
efficient defect tracking and resolution.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

6. Which are different defect causes of software

testing?
=> Common defect causes include:
• Requirements Issues: Incomplete or unclear requirements.
• Design Flaws: Errors in software design or architecture.
• Coding Errors: Mistakes during code implementation.
• Configuration Issues: Incorrect setup of environments.
• Data Issues: Problems with test or production data.
• Miscommunication: Poor understanding among team members.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

Q2. Attempt any THREE [3 X 4 = 12]

1. Which features are included in test approach while
planning test?
=> Features Included in Test Approach While Planning Test
The test approach outlines the strategy and techniques for
testing. Key features include:
• Test Levels: Defines stages like unit, integration, system, and
acceptance testing.
• Testing Techniques: Specifies methods like black-box, white-
box, and exploratory testing.
• Risk-Based Testing: Focuses on high-risk areas to prioritize
testing.
• Test Automation Strategy: Plans which tests to automate to
improve efficiency.
• Test Environment Setup: Details requirements for hardware,
software, and network configurations.
• Entry and Exit Criteria: Sets conditions for when testing
starts and ends.
• Resource Allocation: Identifies required personnel and tools
for each test phase.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

2. Design test cases for library management system.

=> Design Test Cases for Library Management System
Here are sample test cases for a Library Management System:
• Test Case 1: Login Functionality
o Objective: Verify login with valid credentials.
o Steps: Enter correct username and password, click login.
o Expected Result: User successfully logs in to the system.

• Test Case 2: Book Search

o Objective: Validate search functionality for existing
books.
o Steps: Enter book title in search bar, initiate search.
o Expected Result: System displays relevant search
results.

• Test Case 3: Issue Book

o Objective: Verify book issue process for a valid library
member.
o Steps: Select book, enter member ID, complete issue
process.
o Expected Result: Book status updates to "issued."

• Test Case 4: Return Book

o Objective: Ensure correct processing of book return.
o Steps: Select issued book, initiate return, confirm return.
o Expected Result: Book status updates to "available."

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

3. Explain test deliverables in details.

=> Explain Test Deliverables in Detail
Test deliverables are documents and outputs produced during
and after the testing process, ensuring transparency, traceability,
and project alignment. Key test deliverables include:

• Test Plan: Defines the testing scope, objectives, strategy, and

resources.
• Test Cases & Test Scripts: Detailed steps for each test
scenario, including input data and expected outcomes.
• Test Data: Prepared data sets required to execute test cases.
• Test Execution Report: Summary of test results, including
passed and failed cases.
• Defect Report: Detailed log of defects found, including status,
priority, and resolutions.
• Traceability Matrix: Maps requirements to test cases,
ensuring all requirements are tested.
• Final Test Summary Report: Comprehensive summary of the
testing phase, covering objectives met, metrics, defect status,
and overall quality assessment.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

4. Explain defect life cycle with diagram.

=> Explain Defect Life Cycle with Diagram
The defect life cycle, or bug life cycle, is the series of stages a
defect goes through from identification to closure:

• New: Defect is identified and logged.

• Assigned: Defect is assigned to a developer for investigation.
• Open: Developer begins analyzing and working on the defect.
• Fixed: Defect is resolved and marked as fixed by the
developer.
• Retest: Tester retests the defect to verify the fix.
• Verified: Defect passes retesting and is confirmed resolved.
• Closed: Defect is marked as closed if resolved; otherwise, it
may return to Reopened if issues persist.

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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

5. What are the different techniques to finding defect?

Explain in detail.
=> Different Techniques for Finding Defects in Detail
Various techniques are used to uncover defects in software, each
targeting different types of errors to ensure comprehensive
testing:
o Static Testing: Examines code and documentation
without execution, allowing early detection.
▪ Techniques: Code reviews, inspections,
walkthroughs, and static analysis.
▪ Purpose: Detect syntax errors, design flaws, and
non-compliance with coding standards.
o Dynamic Testing: Involves executing code to identify
runtime errors and functional issues.
▪ Techniques: Unit testing, integration testing, system
testing, and user acceptance testing.
▪ Purpose: Uncover functional, performance, and
security issues during actual execution.
o Black-Box Testing: Focuses on inputs and outputs
without knowledge of internal code.
▪ Techniques: Equivalence partitioning, boundary
value analysis, and decision table testing.
▪ Purpose: Ensure functionality as per requirements,
especially for user-facing features.
o White-Box Testing: Tests the internal structure and
logic of the code.
▪ Techniques: Statement coverage, branch coverage,
and path coverage.
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Software Testing Soln Easy to Understand

▪ Purpose: Ensure correct code flow, control

structures, and logic implementation.
o Experience-Based Testing: Leverages testers’
experience to intuitively identify potential issues.
▪ Techniques: Exploratory testing, error guessing, and
ad-hoc testing.
▪ Purpose: Quickly find defects based on past
experiences and common failure patterns.
Each technique offers unique insights, helping identify a wide
range of defects and ensuring software quality.

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