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Phase Vignesh

Analog communication related experiment

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5 views5 pages

Phase Vignesh

Analog communication related experiment

Uploaded by

moh4n8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIGNESH E(212223060298)

EXPT.NO.9 Phase Modulation using NumPy and Matplotlib

Aim

To implement and analyze phase modulation (PM) using Python's NumPy and
Matplotlib libraries.

Apparatus Required

1. Software: Python with NumPy and Matplotlib libraries


2. Hardware: Personal Computer

Theory

Phase Modulation (PM) is a technique where the phase of the carrier wave is varied
in proportion to the instantaneous amplitude of the input signal (message signal).
Unlike frequency modulation, where the frequency is varied, in phase modulation, the
phase angle of the carrier wave changes with the amplitude of the message signal.

The general form of a PM signal can be represented as:

ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4Y5-1


VIGNESH E(212223060298)

Algorithm

o Initialize Parameters:
o Set values for carrier amplitude (AcA_cAc ), carrier frequency (fcf_cfc
), message frequency (fmf_mfm ), sampling frequency, and
phase deviation sensitivity (kpk_pkp ).
o Generate Time Axis:
o Create a time vector for the signal duration based on the
samplingfrequency.
o Generate Message Signal:
o Define the message signal as a cosine wave.
o Generate PM Signal:
o Apply the PM modulation formula to obtain the modulated signa
Plot the Signals:
o Use Matplotlib to plot the message signal, carrier signal, and phase-
modulated signa

PROGRAM:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fc = 60
fm = 10
fs = 6000
Am = 10
Ac = 20
kp = 3.7
t = np.arange(0, 2/fm, 1/fs)
em = Am * np.sin(2 * np.pi * fm * t)
ec = Ac * np.sin(2 * np.pi * fc * t)
epm = Ac * np.sin(2 * np.pi * fc * t + kp * em)
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))
plt.subplot(3, 1, 1)
plt.plot(t, em,color='r')
plt.title('Message Signal (em)')
plt.xlabel('Time [s]')

ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4Y5-1


VIGNESH E(212223060298)

plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
plt.subplot(3, 1, 2)
plt.plot(t, ec,color='g')
plt.title('Carrier Signal (ec)')
plt.xlabel('Time [s]')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
plt.subplot(3, 1, 3)
plt.plot(t, epm,color='b')
plt.title('PM Modulated Signal (epm)')
plt.xlabel('Time [s]')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

OUTPUT:

ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4Y5-1


VIGNESH E(212223060298)

TABULATION:

Sl. SIGNAL AMPLITU FREQUENCY (hz)


No. DE(v)
1 Message Signal Theory 10 6
(am)
Practical 10 T=0.175-0.075
T=0.1
F=1/0.1
F=10
2 Carrier Signal Theory 20 60
(ac)
Practical 20 T=0.130-0.1125
T=0.0175
F=1/0.0175
F=57.14
3 Modulated Practical Emax = 20 T=0.120-0.115
Signal
Emin = 5 T=0.005
F=1/0.005
F=200
4. Demodulated Practical
Signal

ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4Y5-1


VIGNESH E(212223060298)

CALCULATION:

1.ma (Theory) = am/ac = 10/20 = 0.5


2.ma(Practical) = (Emax-Emin)/(Emax+Emin) =(20-5)/(20+5)=15/25=0.6

Result

The message signal, carrier signal, and phase-modulated (PM) signal will be
displayed in separate plots. The modulated signal will show phase variations
corresponding to the amplitude of the message signal.

ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4Y5-1

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