/* 1.

Write a query in SQL to display the first name, last name, department number,
and department name for each employee. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
e.department_id,
d.department_name
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id;

/* 2. Write a query in SQL to display the first and last name, department, city,
and state province for each employee. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
d.department_name,
l.city,
l.state_province
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id;

/* 3. Write a query in SQL to display the first name, last name, salary, and job
grade for all employees. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
e.salary,
j.grade_level
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN job_grades j
ON e.salary BETWEEN j.lowest_sal AND j.highest_sal;

/* 4. Write a query in SQL to display the first name, last name, department number
and department name, for all employees for departments 80 or 40. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
d.department_id,
d.department_name
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
AND d.department_id IN (80, 40)
ORDER BY e.last_name;

/* 5. Write a query in SQL to display those employees who contain a letter z to

their first name and also display their last name, department, city, and state
province. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
 d.department_name,
l.city,
l.state_province
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id
WHERE e.first_name LIKE '%z%';

/* 6. Write a query in SQL to display all departments including those where does
not have any employee. */

SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
d.department_id,
d.department_name
FROM departments d
LEFT JOIN employees e
ON d.department_id = e.department_id;

/* 7. Write a query in SQL to display the first and last name and salary for those
employees who earn less than the employee earn whose number is 182. */

SELECT e1.first_name,
e1.last_name,
e1.salary
FROM employees e1
INNER JOIN employees e2
ON e1.salary < e2.salary
AND e2.employee_id = 182;

/* 8. Write a query in SQL to display the first name of all employees including the
first name of their manager. */

SELECT e1.first_name AS "employee_name",

e2.first_name AS "manager_name"
FROM employees e1
INNER JOIN employees e2
ON e1.manager_id = e2.employee_id;

/* 9. Write a query in SQL to display the department name, city, and state province
for each department. */

SELECT d.department_name,
l.city,
l.state_province
FROM departments d
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id;

/* 10. Write a query in SQL to display the first name, last name, department number
and name, for all employees who have or have not any department. */
SELECT e.first_name,
e.last_name,
d.department_id,
d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id;

/* 11. Write a query in SQL to display the first name of all employees and the
first name of their manager including those who does not working under any manager.
*/

SELECT e1.first_name AS "employee_name",

e2.first_name AS "manager_name"
FROM employees e1
LEFT JOIN employees e2
ON e1.manager_id = e2.employee_id;

/* 12. Write a query in SQL to display the first name, last name, and department
number for those employees who works in the same department as the employee who
holds the last name as Taylor. */

SELECT e1.first_name,
e1.last_name,
e1.department_id
FROM employees e1
INNER JOIN employees e2
ON e1.department_id = e2.department_id
AND e2.last_name = 'Taylor';

/* 13. Write a query in SQL to display the job title, department name, full name
(first and last name ) of employee, and starting date for all the jobs which
started on or after 1st January, 1993 and ending with on or before 31 August, 1997
*/

SELECT j.job_title,
d.department_name,
CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,
jh.start_date
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN job_history jh
ON e.employee_id = jh.employee_id
AND jh.start_date BETWEEN '1993-01-01' AND '1997-08-31'
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON jh.job_id = j.job_id
INNER JOIN departments d
ON jh.department_id = d.department_id;

/* 14. Write a query in SQL to display job title, full name (first and last name )
of employee, and the difference between maximum salary for the job and salary of
the employee. */

SELECT j.job_title,
CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,
(j.max_salary - e.salary) AS salary_diff
 FROM employees e
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON e.job_id = j.job_id;

-- Note: This also works using a NATURAL JOIN which creates an implicit join based
on the common columns in the two tables being joined.

SELECT j.job_title,
CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,
(j.max_salary - e.salary) AS salary_diff
FROM employees e
NATURAL INNER JOIN jobs j;

/* 15. Write a query in SQL to display the name of the department, average salary
and number of employees working in that department who got commission. */

SELECT d.department_name,
AVG(e.salary),
COUNT(commission_pct)
FROM employees e
JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
GROUP BY d.department_name;

/* 16. Write a query in SQL to display the full name (first and last name ) of
employees, job title and the salary differences to their own job for those
employees who is working in the department ID 80. */

SELECT CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,

j.job_title,
(j.max_salary - e.salary) AS salary_diff
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON e.job_id = j.job_id
WHERE e.department_id = 80;

/* 17. Write a query in SQL to display the name of the country, city, and the
departments which are running there. */

SELECT c.country_name,
l.city,
d.department_name
FROM countries c
INNER JOIN locations l
ON c.country_id = l.country_id
INNER JOIN departments d
ON l.location_id = d.location_id;

-- Note: This also works using JOIN and USING on the common columns.

SELECT c.country_name,
l.city,
d.department_name
FROM countries c
INNER JOIN locations l USING (country_id)
INNER JOIN departments d USING (location_id);
/* 18. Write a query in SQL to display department name and the full name (first and
last name) of the manager. */

SELECT d.department_name,
CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name
FROM departments d
INNER JOIN employees e
ON d.manager_id = e.employee_id;

/* 19. Write a query in SQL to display job title and average salary of employees.
*/

SELECT j.job_title,
AVG(e.salary)
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON e.job_id = j.job_id
GROUP BY j.job_title;

/* 20. Write a query in SQL to display the details of jobs which was done by any of
the employees who is presently earning a salary on and above 12000. */

SELECT jh.*
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN job_history jh
ON e.employee_id = jh.employee_id
WHERE salary >= 12000.00;

/* 21. Write a query in SQL to display the country name, city, and number of those
departments where at least 2 employees are working. */

SELECT c.country_name,
l.city,
COUNT(d.department_id)
FROM countries c
INNER JOIN locations l
ON c.country_id = l.country_id
INNER JOIN departments d
ON l.location_id = d.location_id
WHERE d.department_id IN (SELECT e.department_id
FROM employees e
GROUP BY e.department_id
HAVING COUNT(e.department_id) >= 2)
GROUP BY c.country_name, l.city;

/* 22. Write a query in SQL to display the department name, full name (first and
last name) of manager, and their city. */

SELECT d.department_name,
CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,
l.city
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
 ON e.employee_id = d.manager_id
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id;

/* 23. Write a query in SQL to display the employee ID, job name, number of days
worked in for all those jobs in department 80. */

SELECT jh.employee_id,
j.job_title,
(jh.end_date - jh.start_date) AS num_days
FROM jobs j
INNER JOIN job_history jh
ON j.job_id = jh.job_id
WHERE jh.department_id = 80;

-- Note: This also works using a NATURAL JOIN which creates an implicit join based
on the common columns in the two tables being joined.

SELECT jh.employee_id,
j.job_title,
(jh.end_date - jh.start_date) AS num_days
FROM jobs j
NATURAL INNER JOIN job_history jh
WHERE jh.department_id = 80;

/* 24. Write a query in SQL to display the full name (first and last name), and
salary of those employees who working in any department located in London. */

SELECT CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,

e.salary
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id
WHERE l.city = 'London';

/* 25. Write a query in SQL to display full name(first and last name), job title,
starting and ending date of last jobs for those employees with worked without a
commission percentage. */

SELECT CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,

j.job_title,
jh.*
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN (SELECT MAX(start_date) AS starting_date,
MAX(end_date) AS ending_date,
employee_id
FROM job_history
GROUP BY employee_id) jh
ON e.employee_id = jh.employee_id
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON e.job_id = j.job_id
WHERE e.commission_pct = 0;
/* 26. Write a query in SQL to display the department name and number of employees
in each of the department. */

SELECT d.department_name,
COUNT(e.employee_id) AS num_employees
FROM departments d
INNER JOIN employees e
ON d.department_id = e.department_id
GROUP BY d.department_name;

/* 27. Write a query in SQL to display the full name (first and last name) of
employee with ID and name of the country presently where (s)he is working. */

SELECT CONCAT(e.first_name, ' ', e.last_name) AS full_name,

e.employee_id,
c.country_name
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id
INNER JOIN locations l
ON d.location_id = l.location_id
INNER JOIN countries c
ON l.country_id = c.country_id;