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Databases and DBMS

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23 views

Databases and DBMS

Nice

Uploaded by

keshavvishwakarma865
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Databases and DBMS

A database is a collection of logically related data items stored in an organised manner. The
information being stored in a database can be added, modified, deleted or displayed
according to the requirements of the user.
The software that is used to create, update and retrieve data is known as database
management system (DBMS). It facilitates planning and maintenance of the database for the
user. Some of the common examples of DBMS are MS Access, Open Office or LibreOffice
Base, Oracle, Ingress, MySQL.

ADVANTAGES OF A DATABASE/DBMS The centralised nature of database system provides


several advantages
1. Reduce Data Redundancy: Redundancy means ‘duplication of data’. Database reduces
redundancy. This also ensures data consistency and saves the storage space.
2. Enforcing Data Integrity: It means that, the data contained in the database is accurate and
consistent.
3. Data Sharing: The data stored in the database can be shared among multiple users or
application programs.
4. Data Security: The DBMS ensures that the access of database is done only through an
authorised user.
5. Backup and Recovery: The DBMS provides backup and recovery sub-system that is
responsible to recover data from hardware and software failures.
Data Model is the structure of database and it describes the manner in which data will be
stored and retrieved.
• There are different data models, such as hierarchical data model, network data model and
relational data model.
• In Hierarchical Data Model, the data is organized into a tree like structure. The data is stored
in the form of linked records.
• In Network Data model, multiple records are linked to same master file.
• The Relational data model is based on the principle of setting relationships between two or
more tables of the same database.
• Entity is a real world object about which information is to be stored in a database.
• The details associated with the entity are called attributes.
• A table is a collection of logically related records. It is organised as a set of columns, and
can haveany number of rows.
• A field is the smallest entity in the database. These are individual record characteristics and
are presented as columns within a table.
• Data values are the raw data represented in numeric, character or alphanumeric form.
• The data values for all the fields related to a person or object is called a record. It is
presented as rows within a table.
• A primary key is a field that uniquely identifies a row in a table.
• This foreign key helps to build a relation between two or more tables in a database.
• All the field values that are eligible to be the primary key are the candidate keys for that
table.
In Student Registration Table, ‘Enrolment_Number’is the primary key and in the Student
Marks Table,‘Roll_Number’ is the primary key, whereas ‘Enrollment_Number’ is the foreign
key. This foreign key can be used to set a relation between two tables

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