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Networked Embedded System

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Awal Mamane
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134 views

Networked Embedded System

Uploaded by

Awal Mamane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORKED EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Thus, a network allows material or immaterial elements to be spread among


all of these entities, based on well-defined rules. There are different types of
networks that are commonly used in communication.

Figure 1: Sensor Network

As embedded systems are becoming more and more complex, the


knowledge about various disciplines like data processing, electronics,
telecommunications, and networks becomes mandatory for all. Nowadays,
“network” plays a prominent role in embedded systems. A proper
understanding of networks is also equally important.
For example – routers, gateways, remote process controllers, and sensor
networks interact with the networks.

Importance of Network in an embedded system

The embedded system was originally designed to work on a single device.


However, in the current scenario, the implementation of different networking
options has increased the overall performance of the embedded system in
terms of economy as well as technical considerations.
The most efficient types of the network used in the embedded system are
BUS network and an Ethernet network.
A BUS is used to connect different network devices and to transfer a huge
range of data, for example, serial bus, I2C bus, CAN bus, etc.
The Ethernet type network works with the TCP/IP protocol.
Examples of embedded networking include CAN, I2C, Component, sensor,
and serial bus networking.

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Figure 2: Embedded
Networking

Types of networks used in the embedded system


Telecommunication systems make use of numerous embedded systems
ranging from telephone switches for the network to mobile phones at the end-
user.
Computer networking uses dedicated routers and Network Bridge to route
data.
The Advanced HVAC system uses networked thermostats for more accurate
and efficient control of temperature that may change during a day or season.
The home automation system uses wired and wireless networking to control
lights, climate, security, audio and so on.

Different types of networks generally have the following


points in common:
• Servers: These are computers that provide the main information.
• Clients: These are computers or other devices that get access to
shared resources.
• Connection medium: Connection medium defines the interlinking of
different devices.
• Shared data: It refers to the information that is transmitted in a
network and received by the clients.
• Printers and other shared peripherals: Peripherals (devices) that
are connected to the client machines for processing and obtaining
the information.

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System architectures
In most cases, embedded systems are composed of hardware and software. A simplified
standalone embedded system is shown in Figure 1. Processing units, memory, special
purpose hardware logic such as ASIC or FPGA, sensors and actuators are included in
hardware. Real-time operating system and application are software. An embedded system
realizes more than one application.

Figure 3 Standalone embedded system

What are network embedded systems?

Network, or networked, embedded systems rely on wired or wireless networks and


communication with web servers for output generation.

Frequently cited examples of network embedded systems include:

• Home and office security systems


• Automated teller machines (ATMs)
• Point-of-sale (POS) systems

Home and office security systems comprise a network of sensors, cameras, alarms, and other
embedded devices that gather information about a building's interior and exterior and use it
to alert users to unusual, potentially dangerous disturbances closeby.

An ATM relies on network connections to a host computer and bank-owned computer to


approve and permit withdrawals, balance inquiries, deposits, and other account requests.

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POS systems comprise networks of multiple workstations and a server that keeps track of
customer transactions, sales revenue, and other customer-related information.

Overall, if embedded systems are part of or rely on networks of other devices to function,
they're classified as network or networked embedded systems.

A networked embedded system has network connectivity in addition to the components of


an embedded system. Software construction of networked embedded systems is slightly
different from that of embedded systems. In the case of networked, application may be
realized by means of functions resided on several nodes spreading in a network. Software is
composed in layered manner. Complex and integrated applications may also be executed in a
network by integrating several applications in the network. This is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 Networked embedded systems

Real-time operating system used in networked embedded systems for controlling must have
ability to handle network hardware component. There are several approaches to coordinate
among nodes interconnected by network medium. Classification of the approaches is based
on residence of network coordinators and network awareness at applications. Network
coordinators helps for applications communicate with one another. Network awareness
means whether or not application needs to know the existence of network or remote nodes.

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Networking Applications in Embedded Systems

Networking applications help to elevate the use of embedded systems and make
them more efficient. Because networking facilitates communication between
systems, embedded systems no longer are limited to performing a single task within
a single device, but rather can work with different devices. This allows users to get
more use out of their embedded systems.

The networks used with embedded systems impact the kinds of connectivity that are
possible. BUS can connect different network devices and also allows for large
amounts of data to be transferred. Ethernet networks work with TCP/IP protocols.

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