PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA GACHIBOWLI, GPRA CAMPUS, HYD–32

PRACTICE PAPER 10 (2024-25)

CHAPTER 10 WAVE OPTICS
SUBJECT: PHYSICS MAX. MARKS : 40
CLASS : XII DURATION : 1½ hrs
General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 10 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 3 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 1 question of 5
marks each and Section E comprises of 2 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.
1. A ray of monochromatic light propagating in air, is incident on the surface of water. Which of
the following will be the same for the reflected and refracted rays?
(a) Energy carried (b) Speed (c) Frequency (d) Wavelength

2. In a Young’s double slit experiment, the path difference at a certain point on the screen between
two interfering waves is 1/8 th of the wavelength. The ratio of intensity at this point to that at the
centre of a bright fringe is close to:
(a) 0.80 (b) 0.74 (c) 0.94 (d) 0.85

3. The shape of the interference fringes in Young’s double slit experiment when D (distance
between slit and screen) is very large as compared to fringe width is nearly:
(a) straight line (b) parabolic (c) circular (d) hyperbolic

4. What happens, if the monochromatic light used in Young’s double slit experiment is replaced by
white light?
(a) No fringes are observed.
(b) All bright fringes become while.
(c) All bright fringes have colour between violet and red.
(d) Only the central fringe is white and all other fringes are coloured.

5. In Young’s double-slit experiment, the intensity at the central maximum is I0 if one of the slit is
covered, then the intensity at the central maximum become:
I I I
(a) 0 (b) 0 (c) 0 (d) I0
2 2 4

6. In a Young’s double slit experiment, the source is white light. One of the holes is covered by a
red filter and another by a blue filter. In this case
(a) there shall be alternate interference patterns of red and blue.
(b) there shall be an interference pattern for red distinct from that for blue.
(c) there shall be no interference fringes.
(d) there shall be an interference pattern for red mixing with one for blue.

7. Figure shows a standard two slit arrangement with slits S1, S2. P1, P2 are the two minima points
on either side of P (Figure). At P2 on the screen, there is a hole and behind P2 is a second 2- slit
arrangement with slits S3, S4 and a second screen behind them.

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 1 -

 (a) There would be no interference pattern on the second screen but it would be lighted.
(b) The second screen would be totally dark.
(c) There would be a single bright point on the second screen.
(d) There would be a regular two slit pattern on the second screen.

8. An interference pattern is observed by Young’s double slit experiment. If now the separation
between coherent sources is halved and the distance of screen from coherent sources is doubled,
the new fringe width
(a) becomes double (b) becomes one-fourth
(c) remains the same (d) becomes four times

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): In interference and diffraction of light, light energy reduces in one region
producing a dark fringe. It increases in another region and produces a bright fringe.
Reason (R): This happens because energy is not conserved in the phenomena of interference and
diffraction.

10. Assertion (A): In Young’s double slit experiment all fringes are of equal width.
Reason (R): The fringe width depends upon wavelength of light (λ) used, distance of screen
from plane of slits (D) and slits separation (d).

SECTION – B
Questions 11 to 14 carry 2 marks each.
11. Draw the graph showing intensity distribution of fringes with phase angle due to diffraction
through single slit.

12. What is the effect on the interference fringes in Young’s double slit experiment due to each of
the following operations? Justify your answers.
(a) The screen is moved away from the plane of the slits.
(b) The separation between slits is increased.
(c) The source slit is moved closer to the plane of double slit.
OR
How will the interference pattern in Young’s double-slit experiment be affected if:
(a) the screen is moved away from the plane of the slits.
(b) the source slit is moved away from the plane of the slits.
(c) the phase difference between the light waves emanating from the two slits S1 and S2 changes
from 0 to π and remains constant.

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 2 -

13. Two coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 4I superpose each other. Find the
ratio of maximum and minimum intensities in the resulting beam.
OR
Find the intensity at a point on a screen in Young’s double slit experiment where the interfering
waves of equal intensity have a path difference of (i) λ/4, and (ii) λ/3.

14. In a Young’s double slit experiment, the separation between the two slits is d and distance of the
screen from the slits is 1000 d. If the first minima falls at a distance d from the central maximum,
obtain the relation between d and λ.
OR
In Young’s double-slit experiment, the two slits are separated by a distance equal to 100 times
the wavelength of light that passes through the slits. Calculate:
(a) the angular separation in radians between the central maximum and the adjacent maximum.
(b) the distance between these two maxima on a screen 50 cm from the slits.

SECTION – C
Questions 15 to 17 carry 3 marks each.

15. (a) Write three characteristic features to distinguish between the interference fringes in Young’s
double slit experiment and the diffraction pattern obtained due to a narrow single slit.
(b) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting
diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is a
distance of 2.5 mm away from the centre. Find the width of the slit.
OR
What is the shape of the wavefront in each of the following cases:
(a) light diverging from a point source.
(b) light emerging out of a convex lens when a point source is placed at its focus.
(c) the portion of a wavefront of light from a distant star intercepted by the earth.

16. Derive an expression for the de-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron accelerated
through a potential V. Draw a schematic diagram of a localised-wave describing the wave nature
of the moving electron.
OR
Define the term wavefront. Using Huygen’s wave theory, verify the law of refraction.

17. State Huygen’s principle. With the help of a diagram, show how a plane wave is reflected from a
surface. Hence verify the law of reflection.
OR
Explain the following, giving reasons:
(i) When monochromatic light is incident on a surface separating two media, the reflected and
refracted light both have the same frequency as the incident frequency.
(ii) When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does this decrease
in speed imply a reduction in the energy carried by the wave?
(iii) In the wave picture of light, intensity of light is determined by the square of the amplitude of
the wave. What determines the intensity in the photon picture of light?

SECTION – D
Questions 18 carry 5 marks.

18. Describe briefly how a diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen due to a single narrow slit
illuminated by a monochromatic source of light. Hence obtain the conditions for the angular
width of secondary maxima and secondary minima.
OR

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 3 -

 Describe Young’s double slit experiment to produce interference pattern due to a monochromatic
source of light. Deduce the expression for the fringe width.

SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 19 to 20 carry 4 marks each.
19. Diffraction: Diffraction of light is bending of light around the corners of an object whose size is
comparable with the wavelength of light. Diffraction actually defines the limits of ray optics.
This limit for optical instruments is set by the wavelength of light. An experimental arrangement
is set up to observe the diffraction pattern due to a single slit.

(i) The penetration of light into the region of geometrical shadow is called
(a) polarisation (b) interference (c) diffraction (d) refraction

(ii) To observe diffraction, the size of an obstacle

(a) should be of the same order as wavelength
(b) should be much larger than the wavelength
(c) have no relation to wavelength
(d) should be exactly l/2

(iii) Both, light and sound waves produce diffraction. It is more difficult to observe diffraction
with light waves because
(a) light waves do not require medium (b) wavelength of light waves is too small
(c) light waves are transverse in nature (d) speed of light is far greater

(iv) Angular width of central maximum of a diffraction pattern of a single slit does not depend
upon
(a) distance between slit and source (b) wavelength of light used
(c) width of the slit (d) frequency of light used
OR
The diffraction effect can be observed in
(a) only sound waves (b) only light waves
(c) only ultrasonic waves (d) sound as well as light waves

20. Huygen's principle:

According to Huygen's principle, each point of the wavefront is the source of a secondary
disturbance and the wavelets emanating from these points spread out in all directions with the
speed of the wave. These wavelets emanating from the wavefront are usually referred to as
secondary wavelets and if we draw a common tangent to all these spheres, we obtain the new
position of the wavefront at a later time.

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 4 -

 (i) According to the Huygen’s principle, light is a form of:
(a) particle
(b) rays
(c) wave
(d) particle and wave both

(ii) Huygen’s wave theory allows us to know:

(a) the wavelength of the wave
(b) the velocity of the wave
(c) the amplitude of the wave
(d) the propagation of wavefronts

(ii) A ‘wavefront’ is the surface of constant:

(a) phase (b) frequency
(c) wavelength (d) amplitude

(iv) The wavefront due to a source situated at infinity is:

(a) spherical (b) cylindrical
(c) planar (d) rectilinear

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 5 -