Q1.What is Dynamic HTML (DHTML)? Q2.

What are the key protocols governing

Explain its features and significance in web? Explain how these protocols
web development? ensure secure & reliable communication
1. DHTML is a collection of over the internet?
technologies (HTML, CSS, Key Web Protocols*
JavaScript, and DOM) used to 1. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol):
create interactive and dynamic web Governs data transfer between web
pages. browsers and servers.
2. Unlike static HTML, DHTML allows 2. HTTPS (HTTP Secure): Secures HTTP
web page content to change by encrypting data using SSL/TLS.
dynamically without reloading the 3. TCP/IP (Transmission Control
entire page. Protocol/Internet Protocol): Ensures
reliable data delivery and routing
Features of DHTML between devices.
1. Dynamic Content Updates: Allows 4. DNS (Domain Name System):
real-time updates to web page Translates domain names into IP
content. addresses.
2. Animation Effects: Enables 5. FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
animation of elements (e.g., moving Facilitates file transfers between
text or images). systems.
3. Event Handling: Supports
interactive responses to user events Ensuring Secure & Reliable
like clicks or hovers. Communication
4. Style Manipulation: Dynamically 1. Encryption: HTTPS uses SSL/TLS to
changes styles using JavaScript and encrypt data, protecting it from
CSS. eavesdropping.
5. Client-Side Scripting: Reduces 2. Error Detection: TCP ensures
server dependency, enhancing reliable communication by
performance. retransmitting lost or corrupted
packets.
Significance in Web Development 3. Authentication: SSL/TLS provides
1. Creates interactive and user- certificates to verify server
friendly interfaces. identities.
2. Enhances user engagement with 4. Data Integrity: Ensures data isn’t
dynamic features. altered during transmission using
3. Improves performance by reducing checksums.
server interactions. 5. Routing & Addressing: DNS and IP
4. Forms the basis of modern web protocols ensure accurate data
development frameworks. delivery to the correct destination.
Q3.What is CSS? Explain how CSS can Q4.What do you understand by ASP?
be used to style a web page? What are its advantages and
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a disadvantages? How is ASP different
stylesheet language used to control the from ASP.NET?
presentation and layout of HTML elements ASP is a server-side scripting technology
in a web page. It separates content (HTML) developed by Microsoft for creating
from design, enabling developers to style dynamic and interactive web applications.
web pages efficiently. It uses scripting languages like VBScript
CSS can style a web page by defining rules and JavaScript to generate HTML
for various HTML elements. It allows dynamically.
customization of properties such as color,
font, margin, padding, borders, Advantages of ASP:
background, and layout. CSS can be 1. Ease of Use: Simple for developers
applied in three ways: familiar with scripting languages.
2. Dynamic Content: Enables real-
points time content generation.
3. Integration: Works seamlessly with
• Text Styling: Adjusts font type, size, Microsoft tools and technologies.
color, and alignment for a polished
look. Disadvantages of ASP:
• Backgrounds: Adds colors, images, 1. Limited Scalability: Not ideal for
or gradients to enhance visual large-scale applications.
appeal. 2. Performance: Slower compared to
• Layout Control: Defines spacing, newer technologies.
positioning, and structure of 3. Obsolete: Replaced by ASP.NET
elements, including flexible layouts. with enhanced features.
• Borders and Shadows: Adds
borders, outlines, and shadows to Difference Between ASP and
create depth or emphasis. ASP.NET:
• Hover Effects: Creates interactive 1. Language Support: ASP uses
effects when users move the cursor interpreted scripting languages;
over elements. ASP.NET supports compiled
• Media Queries: Enables responsive languages like C# and VB.NET.
design for different screen sizes and 2. Framework: ASP.NET is a part of
devices. the .NET framework, offering better
• Theme Customization: Applies performance and tools.
consistent styles across multiple 3. State Management: ASP.NET
pages for uniformity. provides advanced state
management techniques.
By linking CSS to HTML, these styles are ASP.NET is more powerful, modern, and
applied efficiently, improving the website's suitable for enterprise applications.
aesthetics and usability.
Q5.What is JDBC and how is it used in Q6Explain the concept of AJAX and its
JSP? role in enhancing web applications?
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity): AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and
JDBC is a Java API that enables interaction XML):
with relational databases. It facilitates AJAX is a web development technique used
database operations like querying, for creating fast and dynamic web
updating, and managing data from Java applications. It allows data exchange with
applications. a server without requiring a full page
reload. Role of AJAX in Enhancing
Using JDBC in JSP:
Web Applications:
1. Load Database Driver: Load the 1. Asynchronous Communication:
JDBC driver to enable AJAX enables sending and receiving
communication with the database. data in the background, improving
2. Establish Connection: Create a user experience.
connection to the database using 2. Improved Performance: Reduces
connection URLs and credentials. server load and bandwidth usage by
3. Create Statements: Use Statement updating only specific parts of a
or PreparedStatement to define SQL webpage.
queries. 3. Dynamic Content Updates:
4. Execute SQL Queries: Run queries Updates content like search
like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or suggestions or live notifications
DELETE. instantly without refreshing the
5. Process Results: Use ResultSet to page.
fetch and display query results. 4. Seamless User Experience:
6. Close Resources: Properly close Minimizes disruptions, making
the database connection, applications more responsive and
statement, and result set to free interactive.
resources. 5. Cross-Platform Compatibility:
JDBC is used in JSP for dynamic content Works well with various
generation by retrieving or modifying technologies like HTML, JavaScript,
database data based on user inputs or XML/JSON, and server-side
application requirements. languages.
6. Real-Time Features: Powers real-
time updates in applications like
chats, stock prices, or live tracking.
AJAX enhances usability and
responsiveness, improving the overall web
application experience.
Q7 What is COM, DCOM, and CORBA, Q8 What are Java Beans? Discuss the
explaining their importance in web advantages and properties of Java
applications? Beans?
COM (Component Object Model): Java Beans:
• A Microsoft framework for creating Java Beans are reusable software
reusable software components. components in Java that follow specific
• Facilitates communication between conventions, such as having a no-
different applications and argument constructor, being serializable,
components on the same machine. and providing getter and setter methods for
• Importance: Helps in building accessing properties.
modular applications and
integrating Windows-based
Advantages of Java Beans:
systems. 1. Reusability: Can be reused across
DCOM (Distributed Component Object multiple applications, reducing
Model): development time.
• An extension of COM for distributed 2. Platform Independence: Written in
computing. Java, making them portable across
• Enables communication between platforms.
components across different 3. Encapsulation: Follows the
machines on a network. principle of encapsulation with
• Importance: Supports scalable, private fields and public methods.
networked applications by enabling 4. Ease of Use: Managed easily by
remote object interaction. visual tools in IDEs.
CORBA (Common Object Request Broker 5. Interoperability: Can interact with
Architecture): other JavaBeans or components in
• A platform-independent standard frameworks like JSP and Servlets.
by OMG for enabling
communication between objects in Properties of Java Beans:
different programming languages
and platforms. 1. Writable or Readable: Properties
• Importance: Facilitates can be read (getter) or modified
(setter).
interoperability in heterogeneous
environments, ideal for large-scale 2. Bound Properties: Notify listeners
when a property value changes.
distributed systems.
3. Indexed Properties: Handle
Importance in Web Applications: multiple values as arrays.
• COM/DCOM: Useful for Windows- Java Beans simplify Java application
based web servers and enterprise
development, especially for graphical user
applications.
interfaces (GUIs) and web applications.
• CORBA: Enables cross-platform
integration for complex, distributed
web applications, ensuring system
interoperability
What do you mean by JSP? Explain the
architecture of JSP. How does JSP
provide better performance?
JSP (JavaServer Pages):
JSP is a server-side technology used to
create dynamic web content. It combines
HTML with Java code and is part of the Java
EE platform.

JSP Architecture:
1. Client Layer: Sends requests via a
web browser.
2. Web Server: Processes JSP files
using a servlet container.
3. JSP Engine: Translates JSP into a
servlet (Java class) and compiles it.
4. Execution: The servlet processes
the request and generates a
dynamic response.
5. Database Layer: Interacts with
databases for data retrieval or
updates.

Better Performance in JSP:

1. Compilation: JSPs are compiled into
servlets, improving runtime
performance.
2. Caching: Precompiled JSPs are
stored, reducing processing
overhead.
3. Integration: Supports JavaBeans
and custom tags for modular,
efficient development.
JSP enhances performance with faster
responses and simplified maintenance.