2018 HKDSE Mathematics Extended Part (Module 2) Examination

Suggested Solutions by Jacky Chan

2020 DSE Maths/M1/M2 Courses: https://goo.gl/KQyqhc

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Mathematics Information Instagram: jackymaths

1 f 1  h   1  h   1 e1 h
2

 

 h 2  2h e h 1 
f 1  h   f 1
f  1  lim
h 0 h

 lim
h 2

 2h e h 1  0
h 0 h
 lim he
h 0
 h 1
 2e h 1 
 0e01  2e0 1
 2e
2
 x  3  x5  5 x 4  3  10 x3  3  10 x 2  3  5 x  3  35
5 2 3 4

 x5  15 x 4  90 x3  270 x 2  405 x  243

2
 4 16
 x    x 8 2
2

 x x

The coefficient of x3  116  90   8   405 1

 299

P.1 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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3a cot A  3cot B
cos A 3cos B

sin A sin B
sin B cos A  3cos B sin A
1 3
sin  A  B   sin  A  B    sin  A  B   sin  B  A  
2 2
sin  A  B   2sin  B  A 
b  4   5 
cot  x    3cot  x  
 9   18 
 4   5    5   4 
sin  x  x    2sin  x   x  
 9   18    18   9 
 13   
sin  2 x    2sin   
 18   6
 13 
sin  2 x    1
 18 
13 3
2x  
18 2
7
x
18

 u  5 du  ln 5  ud  5 
4a u 1 u


1
ln 5

5u u   5u du 
5u u 5u
  C
ln 5  ln 5 2

 
1
b The required area   x 52 x dx
0


1 1
4 0
 
 2 x  52 x d  2 x 
1
1  5 2x 52 x 
2x

   
 
2
4  ln 5 ln 5  0

25 6
 
2 ln 5  ln 5 2

P.2 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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5a
x
3
1  x 2 dx 
1 2
2  x 1  x2 d x2  
1

  1  x2 1 1  x2 d x2
2
  
1  3 1

  
   1  x 2 2  1  x 2 2 d x 2
2 
  

5 3

12
25

1  x2 2 
12
23
1  x2 2  C   
5 3
1
 1 x
5

2 2 1
 1 x
3
2 2
C  
b
y   15 x3 1  x 2 dx
1 5 3


 15  1  x 2  2 
1

1  x2  2
C
5 3 
5 3


 3 1 x 
2 2
 5 1 x 
2 2
C

Since the y-intercept of Γ is 2,

5 3


3 1 0 
2 2
 5 1 0  
2 2
C  2
C4
5 3
Therefore, y  3 1  x 2 2
 
 5 1 x 2 2
 4.

P.3 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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6a n n  n  1 2n  13
Let P  n  be “  k  k  4   ”.
k 1 6
For n  1 ,
11  1  2 1  13
R.H.S. 
6
5
 11  4 
1
  k  k  4
k 1

 L.H.S.
Therefore, P 1 is true.

Assume P  m  is true for some positive integer m,

m m  m  1 2m  13
i.e.  k  k  4 
k 1 6
Then for n  m  1 ,
m 1
L.H.S.   k  k  4 
k 1
m
  k  k  4    m  1  m  1  4 
k 1

m  m  1 2m  13
   m  1 m  5 
6
1
  m  1  m  2m  13  6  m  5 
6
1

  m  1 2m 2  19m  30
6

1
  m  1 m  2  2m  15 
6
 R.H.S.
Therefore, P  m  1 is also true.

By the principle of mathematical induction, P  n  is true for all positive

integers n.

P.4 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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 555
 k  k  4 
  112   223 
b
k 333

1  555 332

  
24976  k 1
k  k  4   
k 1
k  k  4 

1  555  555  1 2  555  13  332  332  1 2  332  13  
   
24976  6 6 
 1813

P.5 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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7a MX  XM
 7 3  a 6a   a 6a  7 3 
    
 1 5  b c   b c  1 5 
 7 a  3b 42a  3c   a 33a 
  
 5b  a 5c  6a   7b  c 3b  5c 

 7 a  3b  a
 42a  3c  33a

By comparing the entries on both sides, we have  .
 5b  a  7 b  c
 5c  6a  3b  5c
b  2a
Then, by solving, we have  .
 c  3a
b Suppose a  0 .
 a 6a   0 0 
Then, A     , which contradicts with the fact that X is a
 2a 3a   0 0 
non-zero real matrix.
Hence, a  0 .
a 6a
A
2a 3a
 9a 2
0  a  0 
Hence, X is a non-singular matrix.
c
1  3a 6a 
X 1   
9a 2  2a a 
1  3 6 
  
9a  2 1 

X    X 1 
1 T
T

1  3 2 
  
9a  6 1 

P.6 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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8a
A A
Since f  x    , the maximum value of f  x  is
x  4 x  7  x  2 2  3
2

A
.
3
A
4
3
A  12
12  2 x  4 
f  x  
x 
2
2
 4x  7
24  x  2 

x 
2
2
 4x  7
b
Note that x 2  4 x  7   x  2   3  0  3  0 .
2

Hence, the denominator of f  x  must be non-zero.

As a result, we know that f  x  is defined for all real numbers x so the

graph of y  f  x  does not have any vertical asymptotes.

12
lim f  x   lim
x  x  x  4 x  7
2

 12 
 2
 lim  
x
x  4 7
1  2
x x
0

1 0  0
0

Hence, y  0 is a horizontal asymptote of the graph of y  f  x  .

As a result, there is exactly one asymptote of the graph of f  x  so the

claim is disagreed with.

P.7 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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c 12  x  2 
f  x  
x 
2
2
 4x  7

24 48  x  2  2 x  4 
f   x    
x  x 
2 3
2
 4x  7 2
 4x  7

24  4  x  2   x 2  4 x  7 
2
 
  
 
3
x  4x  7
2



24 3 x 2  12 x  9 
x 
3
2
 4x  7
72  x  1 x  3

x 
3
2
 4x  7

Put f   x   0 ,

72  x  1 x  3
0
x 
3
2
 4x  7
x 1 or 3
x x 1 1 x  3 x3

f   x  + – +

Hence, the x-coordinates of the points of inflexion are 1 and 3.

Since f 1  3 and f  3  3 , the coordinates of the points of inflexion are

1,3 and  3,3 .

P.8 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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9a 1
Note that y  ln x .
2
dy 1

dx 2 x
dy 1

dx x r 2r
1
The slope of the normal at P  
 1 
 
 2r 
 2r
Let s be the x-coordinate of Q.
1
0  ln r
2  2 r
sr
1
 ln r  2rs  2r 2
2
1
2r 2  ln r
s 2
2r
4r  ln r
2
s
4r
4r 2  ln r
Hence, the x-coordinate of Q is .
4r
b 4r 2  ln r ln r
When r  1 , ln r  0 and r r.
4r 4r
Let A be the area of PQR .

1  4r 2  ln r  1 
A   r   ln r  0 
2 4r  2 
 ln r 
2


16r

dA 2 ln r  ln r 
2

 
dr 16r 2 16r 2
ln r  ln r  2 

16r 2

P.9 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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 dA
Put 0,
dr

ln r  ln r  2 
 0
16r 2
ln r  0 or 2
r  e0 or e2
r 1  rej. or e2
r  e2

r r  e2 r  e2
dA
+ –
dr
Hence, a maximum of A is attained when r  e 2 .

 ln e 
2
2
1
As a result, the greatest area of PQR is 2
 .
16e 4e2
c 2
1 
OP   r  0    ln r  0 
2

2 
1
 ln r 
2
 r2 
4
ln r
d  OP  2r 
2r dr

dt 1 2 dt
2 r 2   ln r 
4
When r  e ,
1
2e 
2e dr  32e 2
4e  1 dt
2

dr 64e3 4e 2  1

dt 4e 2  1

P.10 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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dA dA dr

dt dr dt
ln e  ln e  2  dr

16e 2 dt
1 dr

16e 2 dt
1 64e3 4e 2  1

16e 2 4e 2  1
4e 4 e 2  1

4e 2  1
2
Hence, the claim is correct.

P.11 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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10ai
 sin
4

xdx   sin 2 x 1  cos 2 x dx 
  sin 2 xdx 
1
3
cos xd sin 3 x  
1
  sin 2 xdx  sin 3 x cos x   sin 3 xd  cos x  
3 
1 1
  sin 2 xdx  sin 3 x cos x   sin 4 xdx
3 3
4 1
3  sin 4 xdx   sin 3 x cos x   sin 2 xdx
3
 cos x sin 3 x 3
 sin xdx    sin 2 xdx
4

4 4

ii   cos x sin 3 x 
 from  a i  
 3  2
 sin xdx     0 sin xdx
4
0
 4 0 4
3 
1  cos 2 x dx
8 0


3  sin 2 x 
 x 
8 2  0
3

8
bi Let u    x .
Then, du  dx .
When x  0 , u   and when x   , u  0 .

xf  x dx      u  f    u  du 
0
0 


0
   u  f    u du


0
   x  f    x dx


0
   x  f  x dx
 
   f  x dx   xf  x dx
0 0
 
2  f  x dx    f  x dx
0 0
  
 f  x dx  2  f  x dx
0 0

ii
Let g  x   sin 4 x .

g   x   sin 4   x 
 sin 4 x
 g  x
P.12 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)
All rights reserved.
 
 from  b i  
 
0
x sin 4 xdx 
2 0
sin 4 xdx

  3 
  
2 8 
 from  a  ii  
3 2

16
c Put y  0 ,

x sin 2 x  0
x  or 2   x  2 
Let v  2  x .
Then, dv  dx .
When x   , v   and when x  2 , v  0 .

 
2 2
The required volume    x sin 2 x dx

2
 x sin 4 xdx


    2  v  sin 4  2  v  dv 
0




0
 2  v  sin 4  2  v dv


0
 2  v  sin 4 vdv


0
 2  x  sin 4 xdv
 
 2 2  sin 4 xdv    x sin 4 xdv
0 0

 3   3  2
 2 2     
 8   16 
9 3

16

P.13 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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 4  a  1
11ai
1 a
1   2 a  1 2  a  1  0
1 1 12
 2 a 2  4 a  6
 2  a  1 a  3

Since (E) has a unique solution,

0
 a  1 a  3  0
a  1 and a3
2
18 a 4  a  1
 x  20 a  1 2  a  1
b 1 12
 216  a  1  80  a  1  2ab  a  1  4b  a  1 a  1  36  a  1  240a
 2a 2b  2ab  20a  4b  100

1 18 4  a  1
 y  2 20 2  a  1
1 b 12
 240  8b  a  1  36  a  1  80  a  1  2b  a  1  432
 6ab  44a  10b  76

1 a 18
 z  2 a  1 20
1 1 b
 b  a  1  36  20a  18  a  1  20  2ab
  ab  2a  b  2
  a  1 2  b 

x
x

2a 2b  2ab  20a  4b  100

2  a  1 a  3
a 2b  ab  10a  2b  50

 a  1 a  3

P.14 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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 y
y

6ab  44a  10b  76

2  a  1 a  3
3ab  22a  5b  38

 a  1 a  3
z
z



 a  1 2  b 
2  a  1 a  3
b2

2  a  3

 a 2b  ab  10a  2b  50
 x 
  a  1 a  3
 3ab  22a  5b  38
Therefore,  y   .
  a  1  a  3 
 b2
z 
 2  a  3

ii1
 x  3 y  16 z  18

When a  3 , (E) becomes (*): 2 x  2 y  4 z  20 .
 x  y  12 z  b


The augmented matrix of (*)

 1 3 16 18   1 3 16 18 
   
2 2 4 20    0 2 14 8 
 1 1 12 b   0 4 28 18  b 

 1 3 16 18 
 
 0 1 7 4 
0 0 0 2  b 

 1 0 5 6 
 
 0 1 7 4 
0 0 0 2  b 

Since (*) is consistent,
2b  0
b2

P.15 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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2  x  5z  6
From (a)(ii)(1), (*) becomes  .
 y  7z  4
Let z  k , where k is real.
x  5k  6
x  5k  6
y  7k  4
y  4  7k

 x  5k  6

Therefore,  y  4  7k , where k is real.
z  k


b Note that the first 3 equations of (F) are the same as those as (E) when a  3
and b  s .
Since (F) is consistent, the first 3 equations of (F) is also consistent so s  2
(from (a)(ii)(1)).

 x  5k  6

Hence, the solution to the first 3 equations of (F) is  y  4  7k , where k is
z  k


real.
Substitute this solution into the last equation,
2  5k  6   5  4  7k   45k  t
t  8
s  2
Hence,  .
 t  8

P.16 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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12ai Let O be the origin.
  
AB  OB  OA
  i  3j  3k    4i  3j  k 
 5i  6 j  4k
  
AC  OC  OA
  7i  j  5k    4i  3j  k 
 3i  2 j  4k

i j k
 
AB  AC  5 6 4
3 2 4
 32i  8 j  28k

ii   

AD  OD  OA
  3i  2 j  5k    4i  3j  k 
 i  j  6k

1     

The required volume 
6

AD  AB  AC
 
1
  1 32   18    6  28  
6
 24
  
iii

 DA  AB  AC   
DE    2  AB  AC 
AB  AC
 1 32   18   6  28 32i  8 j  28k
  
322  82   28 
2

32 8 28
 i  j k
13 13 13
bi   
BC  OC  OB
  7i  j  5k    i  3j  3k 
 8i  4 j  8k
  
BD  OD  OB
  3i  2 j  5k    i  3j  3k 
 4i  5 j  2k

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  
 BD  BC 
BF   2 BC
BC
 4 8   5 4    2 8  8i  4 j  8k
  
82   4   82
2

 2i  j  2k
  
DF  BF  BD
  2i  j  2k    4i  5 j  2k 
 2i  4 j  4k

ii Since E is the projection of A, B and C on Π, which contains A, B, C and F,

we have DE  BD and DE  BF .

BF 2  DF 2  BD 2  Pyth. Thm.      1

DE 2  EF 2  DF 2  Pyth. Thm.       2 

BE 2  DE 2  BD 2  Pyth. Thm.       3

1   2    3 :
BF 2  DF 2  DE 2  EF 2  BD 2  BD 2  DF 2  BE 2  DE 2
BF 2  EF 2  BE 2

Therefore, BEF   converse of Pyth. Thm. .
2
 
As a result, BC is perpendicular to EF .
c Let θ be the required angle.
DE
sin  
DF
2 2 2
 32   8   28 
     
 13   13   13 
sin  
 2 
2
 42  42
2
  arcsin
13

2 13
Therefore, the required angle is arcsin .
13

P.18 (18) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2018)

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