2023 HKDSE Mathematics Extended Part (Module 2) Examination

Suggested Solutions by Jacky Chan

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1
The general term of  2  3 x   Cr5 25 r  3 x 
5 r

 Cr5 25 r  3 x r

r

2
 a 2
a
 x    x  2a  2
2

 x x

160
The coefficient of x 
3
160
C15 251  3  2a  C35 253  3  a 2 
1 3

3
81a  36a  4  0
2

 9a  2  0
2

2
a
9
2

 3  2     C45 254  3    

5 2 2 2
The coefficient of x  2 1  C 2
2 5 5 2 4
2
 9  9
 248

P.1 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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2a    
L.H.S.  f   h   f  
2  2
     
    h  sin   h     
2  2   2
  
    h  cos h 
2  2

 1  cos h   h cos h
2
h
  sin 2    h cos h
2
 R.H.S.
    h
Therefore, f   h   f     sin 2    h cos h .
2  2 2
b    
f   h  f  
 
f     lim   2
2
2 h  0 h
h
 sin 2    h cos h
2
 lim
h 0 h
 from  a  
  h 
2

  sin  
 h 
 lim   2   cos h 
 4   h  
h 0

   2   
 
  0 2
 1  cos 0
4
 1

P.2 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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3a
11sin x  7 cos x  p  3sin x  cos x   q  3cos x  sin x 
11sin x  7 cos x   3 p  q  sin x   p  3q  cos x

By comparing the coefficients on both sides, we have

11  3 p  q      1
 .
 7  p  3q       2 

1  3   2  :
40  10 p
p4
Sub. p  4 into (1),
11  3  4   q
q 1
p  4
Therefore,  .
q 1
b 
11sin x  7 cos x
0
4
3sin x  cos x
dx

4  3sin x  cos x    3cos x  sin x 

0
4
3sin x  cos x
dx  from  a  
 
d  3sin x  cos x 
 4 4 d x   4
0 0 3sin x  cos x
 
 4  x   ln 3sin x  cos x  04
4
0

   ln 2 2  
3
   ln 2
2

P.3 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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4a L.H.S.  cos 3 x
 cos  2 x  x 
 cos 2 x cos x  sin 2 x sin x
  2 cos 2 x  1 cos x   2sin x cos x  sin x
 2 cos3 x  cos x  2sin 2 x cos x
 2 cos3 x  cos x  2 1  cos 2 x  cos x
 4 cos3 x  3cos x
 R.H.S.
Therefore, cos 3 x  4 cos3 x  3cos x .
b
sec3 x  6sec 2 x  8  0
1  6 cos x  8cos3 x  0
1
4 cos3 x  3cos x  
2
1
cos 3 x  
2
8 10
3x  or
3 3
8 10
x or
9 9

P.4 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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5a A2  A  I  0
 A  I   A2  A  I    A  I  0
A3  A2  A2  A  A  I  0
A3  I  0
A3  I
b A3  I
A3  I
3

A 1
3

A 1
A 0
Therefore, A is non-singular.
c A3  I
A2 A  AA2  I
Therefore, A1  A2 .

A1000   A1   A1000   A2000 

2000 1

1
  A3  A   A3  A2 
333 666

 
 I 333 A   I 666 A2 
1

 A   A2 
1

 A   A1 
1

 A A
 2A

 A1000   A1  
2000 1
  2 A
1

1 1
A 
2
1
 A2
2
1
 A  I 
2
1  1
  I   A
2  2
Therefore, the claim is correct.

P.5 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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6a
x2   y  r   r 2
2

x2  r 2   y  r 
2

The volume concerned     r 2   y  r   d y

h 2
0  
    2ry  y 2  d y
h

0
h
 1 
   ry 2  y 3 
 3 0
 1 
   rh 2  h3 
 3 

 h 2  3r  h 
3
3
b Let V cm

V   11 h 
2

3
h 2  3  10  h   from  a  
1
 121 h  10 h 2   h3
3
1 
   h3  10h 2  121h 
3 
   h 2  20h  121
dV dh
dt dt
1    h 2  20h  121
dh
dt
dh 1

d t   h  20h  121
2

1

  h  10   21
2
 

Since the least value of  h  10   21 is 21 when h  10 , we know that

2
 
dh 1
the greatest value of is when h  10 .
dt 21

P.6 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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7a dy k  3x
Note that  for all x   2, 2  .
dx 4  x2
 
Let x  2sin  , where    .
2 2
Then, dx  2 cos  d .
dy
y dx
dx
k  3x
 dx
4  x2
dx 3 2x
 k   dx
4 x 2 2 4  x2
2 cos  d  3 d  x 
2

 k  
2 cos  2 4  x2
3
 k  d   2 4  x2  C
2
 k  3 4  x 2  C
x
 k arcsin  3 4  x2  C
2

Since Γ passes through the origin, sub.  0, 0  ,

0
0  k arcsin  3 4  02  C
2
C  6
x
Therefore, the equation of Γ is y  k arcsin  3 4  x 2  6 .
2
bi
Note that 4  x 2  0 for all x   2, 2  .

Let a be the x-coordinate of a turning point of Γ.

Since this turning point lies on Γ, we have a   2, 2  .

f a  0
k  3a
0
4  a2
k  3a  0
k
a
3
k
Since a   2, 2  , we have   2, 2  .
3

P.7 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 k
2  2
3
6  k  6
3 k  3x
f   x    3  2 x 
4 x 24  x 
2
2 2

3  4  x 2   x  k  3 x 
 3

 4  x2  2
kx  12
 3

4  x  2 2

When 6  k  6 ,

3a  a   12
f   a   3

4  a  2 2

3 a  42

 3

4  a  2 2


3
 a   2, 2  
4  a2
0
Hence, we know that Γ really has a turning point when x  a whenever
6  k  6 .
As a result, 6  k  6 .
ii kx  12
From (b)(i), f   x   3
.
4  x  2 2

Put f   x   0 ,

kx  12
3
0
4  x 2 2

kx  12  0
When 6  k  6 and 2  x  2 ,
0  kx  12
12  kx  12  0

Hence, we know that the equation f   x   0 has no solution on  2, 2  .

P.8 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 3
Also, we know that 4  x 
2 2
 0 for all x   2, 2  .

Consequently, we know that Γ does not have a point of inflexion.

n
8a
Let P  n  be “ sin   sin 2k  sin n sin  n  1 ”.
k 1

For n  1 ,

R.H.S.  sin1 sin 1  1 

 sin  sin 2
 sin  sin  2 1  
1
 sin   sin 2k
k 1

 L.H.S.

Therefore, P 1 is true.

Assume P  m  is true for some positive integer m,

m
i.e. sin   sin 2k  sin m sin  m  1
k 1

Then for n  m  1 ,
L.H.S.
m 1
 sin   sin 2k
k 1

m 
 sin   sin 2k  sin  2  m  1   
 k 1 
m
 sin   sin 2k  sin  sin  2  m  1  
k 1

 sin m sin  m  1   sin  sin  2m  2   


1
2
 1
 
cos  2m  1    cos   cos  2m  3    cos  2m  1  
2

1

  cos  2m  3    cos 
2

1

  2sin  m  2    sin  m  1  
2


 sin  m  1   sin  m  1  1  
 R.H.S.

Therefore, P  m  1 is also true.

P.9 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 By the principle of mathematical induction, P  n  is true for all positive

integers n.
b 111
k k 111  1 2 k 
 sin
k 1 11
cos    sin
11 k 1  2 11 


1 111    
 
2 k 1
sin  2k   
  11  
       
sin 111   sin 111  1   
  11     11  


 from  a  
2sin
11
 2
sin sin
 11 11

2sin
11
1 2 
 sin   
2  11 

 1
 a  2
Hence, we know that  .
b  2
 11
9a f   x   e  x  xe  x  2 x 
2 2

 1  2 x 2  e  x
2

f   x   4 xe  x  1  2 x 2  e  x  2 x 
2 2

  4 x3  6 x  e x
2

 2 x  2 x 2  3 e  x
2

b
Put f   x   0 ,

1  2 x  e 2  x2
0

1  2x2  0  e  x  0 for all x  R

2


1
x2 
2
2
x
2

P.10 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 2 2 2 2
x x  x x
2 2 2 2

f  x – + –

2
Therefore, f  x  attains a minimum when x   and a maximum when
2
2
x .
2

 2 1
2 2 1 2
 2   2 e  2 e , the coordinates of the maximum point are
Since f 
 

 2 1 2
 ,  .
 2 2 e

 2
1
2 2 1 2
Since f      e  , the coordinates of the minimum point
 2  2 2 e

 2 1 2
are   , .
 2 2 e 

ci
The slope of L  f  1
 1  2 1  e 1
2 2

 
1

e
1 1
y     x  1
e e
x  ey  2  0
Therefore, the required equation is x  ey  2  0 .

P.11 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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ii
For all x   0,1 ,

0  x 1
0  x2  1
0  2 x2  2
3  2 x 2  3  1
3  x  2 x 2  3  0

3  x  2 x 2  3 e  x  0
2

3  f   x   0

Hence, f   x  is concave on  0,1 so the slope of tangent is strictly

decreasing on  0,1 .
However, the slope of tangent is equal to the slope of L so G lies below L on

the interval  0,1 .

iii 2 x
Note that x  ey  2  0  y   .
e e
1  2 x 2 
The required area       xe  x  d x
0
 e e  
1
 2x x2  1 1 2
      e x d  x 2 
 e 2e  0 2 0
2 1 1 2 1
   e x 
e 2e 2  0
3 1 1
  
2e 2 e 2
2 1
 
e 2

P.12 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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10a
Let PR : RQ  1  x  : x , where 0  x  1 .

xOP  1  x  OQ
OR 
1  x   x
 x  2i  k   1  x  2i  j  k 
  2  4 x  i   x  1 j  1  2 x  k

Since OR is perpendicular to OQ,

OR  OQ  0
 2  4 x  i   x  1 j  1  2 x  k    2i  j  k   0
 2  4 x  2    x  1 1  1  2 x 1  0
6
x
11

  6   6    6 
OR   2  4    i    1 j  1  2    k
  11    11    11  
2 5 1
  i  j k
11 11 11
b
Let OS  yOR , where y  1 .

PQ  OQ  OP
  2i  j  k    2i  k 
 4i  j  2k

PS  OS  OP
 yOR  OP
 2 5 1 
 y   i  j  k    2i  k 
 11 11 11 
 2  5  1 
  2  y  i  yj   1  y  k
 11  11  11 

QPS  QOS  s in the same segment 



2

P.13 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 PQ  PS
PQ  PS  0
 1  
 4i  j  2k    2 
2  5 
y  i  yj  1  y  k   0
 11  11  11  

 4   2 
2   5   1 
y    1   y    2   1  y   0
 11   11   11 
y  22

OS  22OR
 2 5 1 
 22   i  j  k 
 11 11 11 
 4i  10 j  2k

ci
A required vector  OP  OQ
  2i  k    2i  j  k 
i j k
 2 0 1
2 1 1
 i  2k
ii 
Since QOS  , we know that QS is a diameter of C so G is the mid-point
2
of QS.

1OQ  1OS
OG 
11
1 1
  2i  j  k    4i  10 j  2k 
2 2
11 1
 i  j  k
2 2

P.14 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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 
OA  OP  OQ 
OB  OA  2  OP  OQ 
OP  OQ

  6i  22 j  2k  
 6i  22 j  2k    i  2k 
 i  2k 
i  2k
2

 6  1   22  0    2  2 
 6i  22 j  2k  2  i  2k 
  1  0  2 
2 2 2

 
 6i  22 j  2k  2  i  2k 
 4i  22 j  2k
 11 1 
 4  i  j  k 
 2 2 
 4OG
Therefore, O, B and G are collinear with OB : OG  4 :1 and G lying
between O and B.

P.15 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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11ai
1 a a 1
  1 a  4 2a  4
2 3 5
 2 a 2  5a  3
  a  1 2a  3

Since (E) has a unique solution,

0
 a  1 2a  3  0
3
a 1 and a
2
3 3
Therefore, a  1 or 1  a  or a  .
2 2
ii
 x  y  2z  2

When a  1 , (E) becomes (*):  x  5 y  6 z  b  1 .
2 x  3 y  5 z  b


The augmented matrix of (E)

1 1 2 2  1 1 2 2 
   
 1 5 6 b  1   0 4 4 b 1 
2 3 5 b   0 b  4 
 1 1
1 1 2 2 
 
 0 1 1 b  4
0 b  5 
 0 0
1 1 2 2 
 
 0 1 1 1 
0 b  5 
 0 0
1 0 1 1 
 
 0 1 1 1 
0 b  5 
 0 0

Since (*) is consistent,

b5  0
b5

P.16 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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iii 3
Since a  1 and (E) is inconsistent, we have a  .
2
 3 5
x  2 y  2 z  2

 11
In this case, (E) becomes (**):  x  y  7 z  b  1 .
 2
 2 x  3 y  5z  b


The augmented matrix of (**)
 3 5   3 5 
1 2 2
2  1
2 2
2 
   
1 1
7 b  1   0 1 
9
1 b 
 2   2 
   
 2 3 5 b  0 0 0 b  4
  
   
Since (**) is inconsistent,
b4 0
b4
Therefore, b  4 or b  4 .
b Note that (F) is equivalent to (E) when a  2 and b  s .
From (a)(i), we know that when (E) has a unique solution when a  2 so we
also know that when a  2 , (E) has a unique solution.
Hence, (F) has a unique solution.
The augmented matrix of (F)
1 2 3 2  1 2 3 2 
   
 1 6 8 s  1   0 4 5 s 1 
2 3 5 s   0 1 1 4  s 

1 2 3 2 
 
 0 1 1 4s 
0 0 1 5s  17 

1 2 0 53  15s 
 
 0 1 0 21  6 s 
0 0 1 5s  17 

1 0 0 11  3s 
 
 0 1 0 21  6 s 
0 0 1 5s  17 


P.17 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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  x  11  3s

Therefore,  y  21  6 s .
 z  5s  17


mx  ny  z  2
m 11  3s   n  21  6 s    5s  17   2
 3m  6n  5 s  11m  21n  15
When the desired situation can take place, we have

 3m  6n  5  0      1
 .
11m  21n  15  0       2 

 2   2  1  7 :
m5  0
m  5
3  5   6n  5  0
10
n
3
 m  5

Therefore, there exists  10 such that the desired situation takes place.
 n  3
12a
x d  e ax 
1 1 2
 a  0
1
0
x 2 e ax d x 
a  0

a  1

0
1

0 
  x 2 e ax    e ax d  x 2 
1

ea 2 1
   xe ax d x
a a 0
ea 2 1
  2  x d  e ax 
a a 0
ea 2
 1
  2  xe ax    e ax d x
a a
1

0 0 
ax a
e 2e 2 1
  2  3  e ax 
a a a 0


 a 2  2a  2  e a  2
a3

P.18 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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b
Let u  ln 1  x  , i.e. x  eu  1 .

Then, d x  eu d u .
When x  0 , u  0 and when x  e  1 , u  1 .

x  ln 1  x   d x
e 1

2

   eu  1 u 2  eu d u 
1

0
1 1
  u 2 e 2 u d u   u 2 eu d u
0 0
1 1
  x e d x   x 2e x d x
2 2x
0 0

2 2
 2  2  2  e2  2 1 2
 2 1  2  e1  2

23

13
 from  a  
e2  1
   e  2
4
e2 7
 e
4 4
c
Let u   e  1 cos x .

Then, d u    e  1 sin x d x .


Also, when x  0 , u  e  1 and when x  , u 0.
2


  ln 1   e  1 cos x  
2
2
sin 2 x d x
0



 2  2 ln 1   e  1 cos x  sin x cos x d x 
2

0

 e  1 cos x ln 1   e  1 cos x 
2
   e  1 sin x d x 
2

 e  1 
 2
2
0

2

e1 u ln 1   e  1 u  d u 
0 2

 e  1
2

 
2 e 1
u ln 1   e  1 u  d u
2

 e  1 
 2 0

  
2 e 1
x ln 1   e  1 x  d x
2

 e  1
2 0

 e2
2 7
 2 
e 
 e  1  4 4
e 2  4e  7

2  e  1
2

P.19 (20) © Jacky Chan Yui Him (2022)

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d 
Let u  x  .
2
Then, d u  d x .
 
When x  , u  0 and when x   , x  .
2 2

  ln 1   e  1 sin x  
 2
sin 2 x d x
2

         
  2 ln 1   e  1 sin  u     sin  2  u    d u
0
   2     2 


 
  2 ln 1   e  1 cos u    sin 2u  d u
0


 
   2 ln 1   e  1 cos x  sin 2 x d x
2

e 2  4e  7
  from  c  
2  e  1
2

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