3.

1 OPERATING SYSTEMS

L T P
4 - 2
RATIONALE
The course provides the students with an understanding of human computer interface
existing in computer system and the basic concepts of operating system and its working.
The students will also get hand-on experience and good working knowledge to work in
DOS and windows environments. The aim is to gain proficiency in using various
operating systems after undergoing this course. While imparting instructions, the teachers
are expected to lay more emphasis on concepts and principles of operating systems, its
features and practical utility.

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Introduction to System Software (4 Hrs)

1.1 Compiler
1.2 Assembler
1.3 Loader
1.4 Operating system
2. Brief Introduction to MS-DOS , WINDOWS and LINUX (8 Hrs)
2.1 Brief history of DOS and WINDOWS
2.2 Main features of DOS
2.3 Directory structure of DOS
2.4 File structure of DOS
2.5 Detail concept of DOS commands
2.6 Introduction to Windows and linux
3. Overview of Operating Systems (8 Hrs)
3.1 Definition of Operating Systems
3.2 Functions of Operating Systems
3.3 Types of Operating Systems (Single user, Multiuser, Network,Distributed
Operating system)
3.4 Storage structure, I/O structure, Caching
4. Functions of Operating System (44 Hrs)
4.1 Process Management Functions (Principles and Brief Concept)
a) Process Scheduler
b) Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithm
c) Process synchronization
d) Deadlocks- characterization
e) Methods for handling deadlocks
f) Deadlock avoidance, Bonker’s Algorithm
g) Deadlock prevention
h) Recovers from Deadlock

64
 4.2 Memory Management Function (Principles and Brief Concept)
a) Introduction
b) Single Process System
c) Fixed Partition Memory
d) Paging
e) Segmentation
f) Swapping
g) Fragmentation
h) Virtual memory management
i) Demand paging
4.3 I/O Management Functions (Principles and Brief Concept)
a) Dedicated Devices
b) Shared Devices
c) I/o Devices
d) Storage Devices
e) Buffering
f) Spotting
4.4 File Management
a) File concept, File attributes, File operations
b) File types
c) File structure
d) Access methods
e) Directory structure
f) Free space management
LIST OF PRACTICALS
1. Demonstration of all the controls provided on Control Panel
2. Exercises involving various internal and external DOS commands (20 No.)
3. Exercises involving Basics of Windows (20 No.)
4. Exercises on windows operating system
5. Exercise on basic commands of Linux Operating System
6. Exercise on shell programming on Linux (10 No.s)
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Operating system Principles by A. Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin and Greg
Gagne; Wiley Student Edition.
2. Operating System by Stallings, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Operating System Concepts by Ekta Walia, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
4. System Programming by Dham Dhare
5. Operating Systems by C. Ritchie
6. Operating Systems by John J Donovan
7. MS DOS by Peter Norton, BPB Publications
8. Microsoft Windows Manual
9. Windows 2000 by BPB Publication, New Delhi.

65
 SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted

(in hrs) (%)
1 4 6
2 8 12
3 8 12
4 44 70
Total 64 100

66
 3.2 COMPUTER PERIPHERALS AND INTERFACING

LTP
4 - 3
RATIONALE

A computer engineer should be able to interface and maintain peripheral devices along
with computer system. The course provides the necessary knowledge and skills regarding
working construction and interfacing aspects of peripherals. This subject provides the
required background of computer installation, maintenance and testing of peripheral with
computer system.

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Display Devices (8hrs)

Basic Terms: Pixel, Resolution, Refresh rate, Response time, bandwidth. Horizontal
scanning frequency, vertical scanning frequency, Interlaced versus non interlaced
monitor. Video display adapters EGA, VGA and SVGA. Overview of Raster Scan
and Random Scan, their main differences and relative advantages. Working principle
of CRT. CRT colour monitor : Block diagram and function of each block.

2. Motherboard (8hrs)
Introduction, functions and features, various components of motherboard: processor,
cache, SIMM, DIMM, BIOS, ROM, chipset, slots, sockets and connectors, serial port,
parallel port.

3. Interfacing standards (8 hrs)

RS232, Centronics, IDE, SCSI, IEEE488, USB.

4. Keyboard and Mouse (8 hrs)

Construction and Working principle of Keyboard, Types of key switches :
Membrane, Mechanical, Rubber dome, Capacitive. Scan code generation.
Construction and working of Mouse, Types of mouse: Mechanical, Opto-mechanical,
optical. Interfacing of keyboard and mouse with computer.
5. Disk Drives (10 hrs)
Constructional features, working and logical structure of Disk Drives(Hard disk drive,
floppy disk drive, Optical drives). Difference between HDD and FDD. Reading and
Writing operation in Hard disk drives, Interleaving factor. Terms related to Hard Disk
Drives: Track, Sector, cylinder, cluster, landing zone, MBR, Formatting, Low level
formatting, High level formatting, partitioning, FAT, access time. Hard disk drive
interface: features of parallel AT attachment (PATA), Serial AT attachment (SATA).

67
6. Input Output Devices (12 hrs)

Scanner : Flat bed, sheetfed, Handheld, Construction and working of a scanner.

Construction and working of light pen, joystick, digitizer, touch screen and tablets.
Printer : Types of Printers: Impact and Non-Impact. Construction and working
principle of Dot Matrix printer, inkjet printer, laser printers.
Plotters: types and working principle.

7. Power Supplies: (6hrs)

Introduction to SMPS, CVT and UPS: functions and comparison.

UPS: Types: Online and offline ups and their comparison.

8. Input/output drivers (4 hrs)

a. Software aspects of peripheral devices

b. Device dependant and independent softwares
c. Device drivers

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. To identify various components and peripheral devices.

2. Exercise on assembling of a PC.
3. Exercise on installation of a PC.
4. Installation of peripherals like printer, scanner.
5. Studying parts of motherboard, FDD, HDD.
6. Fault finding and repair of peripherals (HDD, FDD, DMP, Laser printer, Inkjet
printer).
7. Using antivirus software.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. IBM PC and Clones by B.Govind Rajalu, TMH

2. Hardware and Software of Personal Computers by S.K.Bosr, Wiley Eastern
Limited
3. Microprocessor and Interfacing by Hall, Douglus, Mcgraw Hill
4. Inside the PC by Peter Norton, Tech Media Publication

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
While teaching the subject the teacher may take the interfacing device like HDD, FDD,
Scanner, Printer, etc physically and explain the parts and working of the device.
Additional practical exercise on identification/location of parts can be taken up in
practical class.

68
SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted

(in hrs) (%)
1. 8 14
2. 8 12
3. 8 12
4. 8 12
5. 10 16
6. 12 22
7. 6 8
8. 4 4
Total 64 100

69
 3.3 DATA COMMUNICATION
L T P
3 - -

RATIONALE

Data Communication Course is intended to provide practical exposure and awareness of

existing and upcoming Communication technologies

Detailed Contents
1. Introduction (08 hrs.)

Data Communication- Components, Data representation, Data flow

Networks- Distributed processing, Network criteria , Physical structures
Network Category- LAN, WAN, MAN

2. Data and Signals (12 hrs.)

Analog and Digital data, Analog and digital signals, Periodic and Non Periodic
signals, periodic analog signals

Digital Signals- Bit rate, Bit length, Digital signal as a composite analog signal,
transmission of digital signals
Transmission Impairment- Attenuation, Distortion and noise
Performance- bandwidth, throughput, latency, jitter

3. Digital and Analog Transmission (08hrs)

Analog transmission- Digital to Analog Conversion- ASK, PSK, FSK

Analog to Analog Conversion- AM, PM,FM( No mathematical treatment)
Digital transmission- Digital to digital conversion- coding and schemes
Analog to digital conversion- PCM and Delta Modulation (DM)
Transmission modes- Serial and parallel transmission

4. Multiplexing – FDM, WDM, TDM (03 hrs)

5. Transmission media (05 hrs)

Guided media-Twisted pair cable, Co-axial cable, fibre optics cable

Unguided Media- radio wave, Microwave, Infrared

70
 6. Error Detection and Correction (12 hrs)

Types of Errors, redundancy, detection v/s correction, Forward error correction

v/s retransmission.
Error detection through Parity bit, block parity to detect double errors and correct
single errors.
General principles of error detection and correction using cyclic redundancy
check
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Explanation of basic concept of data communication and all entities involved need to be
elaborated precisely by the teacher with the emerging technologies. The topics should be
clarified diagrammatically as well as with help of multimedia presentations.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Data Communication and Networking by Forouzan; Tata McGraw Hill

2. Computer Networking by Tanenbaum; Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
3. Data and Computer Communication by William Stalling
4. Data Communication by PS Gupta
5. Computer Communication and Networking by John Freer

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted
(in hrs) (%)
1. 8 16
2. 12 26
3. 8 18
4. 3 6
5. 5 10
6. 12 24
Total 48 100

71
 3.4 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS - I
L T P
4 - 2
RATIONALE
The objective of this subject is to enable the students to know the basic concepts of
digital electronics and gain familiarity with the available IC chips. The students will learn
about number systems, logic gates, various codes, parities, Boolean algebra, mux and
demux, filp-flop, counters, shift registers. This will form a broad base for studying digital
system design, advanced microprocessors and further studies.
DETAILED CONTENT

1. Introduction (01 hrs)

a) Define digital and analog signals and systems, difference between

analog and digital signals
b) Need of digitization and applications of digital systems

2. Number Systems (10 hrs)

a) Decimal, binary, octal, hexadecimal number systems

b) Conversion of number from one number system to another including
decimal points
c) Binary addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, 1’s and 2’s
complement method of subtraction
d) BCD code numbers and their limitations, addition of BCD coded
numbers, conversion of BCD to decimal and vice-versa
e) Excess-3 code, gray code, binary to gray and gray to binary
conversion
f) Concept of parity, single and double parity, error detection and
correction using parity

3. Logic Gates (04 hrs)

a) Logic gates, positive and negative logic, pulse waveform, definition,

symbols, truth tables, pulsed operation of NOT, OR, AND, NAND,
NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR gates
b) NAND and NOR as universal logic gates

72
4. Logic Simplification (08 hrs)

a) Rules and laws of Boolean algebra, logic expression, Demorgan’s

theorems, their proof
b) Sum of products form (minterm), Product of sum form (maxterms),
simplification of Boolean expressions with the help of Rules and
laws of Boolean algebra
c) Karnaugh mapping techniques upto 4 variables and their
applications for simplification of Boolean expression
5. Arithmetic Circuits (03 hrs)

a) Half adder, full adder circuits and their operation

b) Parallel binary adder, 2-bit and 4-bit binary full adder, block
diagram, working
6. Multiplexer/Demultiplexer (04 hrs)

a) Basic functions, symbols and logic diagrams of 4-inputs and 8-

inputs multiplexers,
b) Function/utility of 16 and 32 inputs multiplexers,
c) Realization of Boolean expression using multiplexer/demultiplexers
7. Decoders, Display Devices and Associated Circuits (04 hrs)

a) Basic Binary decoder, 4-line to 16 line decoder circuit

b) BCD to decimal decoder, BCD to 7-segment decoder/driver,
LED/LCD display

8. Encoders and Comparators (04 hrs)

a) Encoder, decimal to BCD encoder, decimal to BCD priority

encoder, keyboard encoder
b) Magnitude comparators, symbols and logic diagrams of 2-bit and 4-
bit
c) Comparators

73
9. Latches and Flip-Flops (07 hrs)

a) Latch, SR-latch, D-latch, Flip-flop, difference between latch and

flip-flop
b) S-R, D flip-flop their operation using waveform and truth tables,
race around condition
c) JK flip-flop, master slave and their operation using waveform and
truth tables

10. Counters (10 hrs)

a) Asynchronous counter, 4-bit Asynchronous counter, Asynchronous

decade counter
b) Asynchronous counter, 4-bit synchronous binary counter,
Asynchronous decade counter
c) Up/down Asynchronous counters, divide by N counter MOD-3,
MOD-5, MOD-7, MOD-12 counters
d) Ring counter, cascaded counter, counter applications

11. Shift Registers (08 hrs)

a) Shift registers functions, serial-in-serial out, serial-in-parallel-out,

parallel-in-serial-out, parallel-in-parallel out
b) Universal shift register, shift register counter and applications of
shift registers

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Study of logic breadboard with verification of truth table for AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, EX-OR, NOR gate
2. Verification of NAND and NOR gate as universal gates
3. Construction of half-adder and full adder circuits using EX-OR and NAND gate and
verification of their operation
4. Verify the operation of
a) multiplexer using an IC
b) de-multiplexer using an IC

74
5. a) Verify the operation of BCD to decimal decoder using an IC
b) Verify the operation of BCD to 7 segment decoder using an IC
6. Verify operation of SR, JK, D-flip-flop master slave JK filp-flop using IC
7. Verify operation of SISO, PISO, SIPO, PIPO shift register. (universal shift register)
8. Study of ring counter, Up/down counter
9. Construct and verify the operation of an asynchronous binary decade counter using
JK flip-flop
10. Testing of digital ICs using IC tester

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Digital Electronics and Applications by Malvino Leach, Tata McGral Hill, New
Delhi
2. Digital Logic Designs by Morris Mano, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
3. Digital Fundamentals by Thomas Floyds, Universal Book Stall
4. Digital Electronics by RP Jain, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
5. Digital Electronics by KS Jamwal, Dhanpat Rai & Co., New Delhi
6. Digital Electronics by Rajiv Sapra, Ishan Publication, Ambala
7. Digital Electronics by BR Gupta, Dhanpat Rai & Co., New Delhi
8. Digital Systems: Principles and Applications by RJ Tocci, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi
9. Digital Electronics by Rajaraman V., Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

The Digital Electronic – 1 has significant importance in the field of Electronics. Adequate
competency need to be developed by giving sufficient practical knowledge in
microprocessor, A/D, D/A, convertors and other topics. Help may be taken in the form of
charts, simulation packages to teach of the subject.

75
 SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Sr. Topic Time Marks

No. Allotted Allocation
(hrs)
1. Introduction 02 06
2. Number Systems 10 06
3. Logic Gates 04 06
4. Logic Simplification 08 12
5. Arithmetic Circuits 03 10
6. Multiplexer/Demultiplexer 04 10
7. Decoders, Display Device and Associated 04 10
Circuits
8. Encoders and Comparators 04 10
9 Latches and Flip Flops 07 10
10. Counters 10 10
11. Shift Registers 08 10
Total 64 100

76
 3.5 INTERNET AND WEB DESIGNING
LTP
4 -3
RATIONALE

This course will enable the students to understand the basics of internet and various
application of internet. In addition this course develops competency amongst the students
to design professional web sites.

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Internet Basics (10 hrs)

Concept of internet and its evolution. Hardware and software requirement. How
internet works? Application and use of internet in various fields of Science and
Technology. Specification and technical details for establishing internet.
What is a modem? Types and functions of modem. Concept of IP Address, internet
domains, domain name server, TCP/IP protocol, ISP, intranet, extranet. How DNS
woks?

2. Connecting to Internet (6hrs)

Ways: Dial up connection, Broadband, ISDN, Leased line, VSAT, RF link, cable.
Their Hardware and software requirements, relative advantages.

3. World Wide Web (6hrs)

WWW and its evolution, web page, web server, HTTP protocol. Web Browser:
Netscape and internet explorer to surf internet. Concept of URL, Hypertext,
hyperlinks, hypermedia, search engines, proxy servers.

4. Services of Internet (6hrs)

E-mail. Telnet, Search engine, USENET, Newsgroup, FTP, IRC, Video

Conferencing, ecommerce.

Comparing email with snail mail. How e-mail works? What are the advantages of
emails.

5. Developing Web Portals using HTML (20hrs)

Introduction to HTML: History, Characteristics of HTML language, Structure of a

HTML page. Describing Tags. How to create a HTML document? Viewing HTML
document, commonly used web browsers.

77
 HTML tags: Container elements, empty elements. Using tags, Heading, Paragraph,
Changing appearance of text(bold, italics, underline, subscript, superscript), center
tag, title tag. Changing font size, text color and background, Changing the
background color and background of HTML page, Top marging, left margin, &nbsp,
<hr> and its attibutes.
Using list and images: Unordered lists: type attribute. Ordered lists: start attribute,
type attribute, value attribute. Nested lists. Inserting images, aligning an image,
centering image, adding border to a image, alternate text, setting height and width,
adding space around the image.
Working with links: Anchor elements. Creating hyperlink to a document. Internal
linking and external linking.
Creating tables: Creating a table, attributes of table tag(BORDER,
BORDERCOLOR, BGCOLOR, ALIGN, CELLSPACING, CELLPADING,
WIDTH) Attributes of table row <tr> and table data <td> tag(BORDERCOLOR,
BGCOLOR, ALIGN, VALIGN, HEIGHT). Rowspan and Colspan.
Working with Frames. Use and creating frames.
Steps for creating a web site. Points to be considered to make a good website.

6. Using Front Page (4hrs)

Introduction, advantages of developing webpage using front page, introduction to

front page editor.

7. Flash (12hrs)

Introduction to flash and its working environment. Introduction to animated GIF’s,

Difference between flash and GIF’s. Advantages of flash.

Drawing tools: Introduction and using pencil tool, brush, line, oval, rectangle, eraser,
ink bottle, paint bucket, eye dropper, pen tool, selection tool – Arrow and Lasso tool,
Navigation tool – Hand and Zoom.
Importing graphics in flash.
Button: Creating simple button, advance button.
Tweening: Introduction, types- motion guide tween, tint tween, shape tween.
Exploring flash interface, basics of animation- frames, playing animation.

LIST OF PRATICALS

1. Setting up internet on a standalone machine.

2. Familiarization with web browser and search engine.
3. Creating email account, sending and receiving emails.
4. Using search engine for finding information of internet.
5. Using IRC.
6. Demonstration of Video conferencing.
7. Demonstration of e-commerce.
8. Demonstration of TELNET.
9. Creating web pages using basic tags, lists, images, hyperlinks, tables and frames.
10. Practice on using FLASH.

78
REFERENCE BOOKS

1. The Internet by Margy Levine Young, Complete Reference, Tata McGraw Hill
2. HTML by Ivan Byross; Bpb
3. Flash to the Core and Interactive Sketch Book by Joshva Davis
4. Designing Web Standards by Keffrey Weldom

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Students must be extensively exposed to internet, HTML and Flash as the subject is
practical oriented. Development of a web site given at the end of the semester would add
to the proper understanding of the topic.

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Topic No. Time Allotted Marks Allotted

( in hrs) (%)
1. 10 14
2. 6 10
3. 6 10
4. 6 10
5. 20 32
6. 4 6
7. 12 18
Total 64 100

79
 3.6 COMPUTER WORKSHOP
L T P
- - 6
RATIONALE

The course aims at making the students familiar with various parts of computers and
how to assemble them, and different types of peripherals desired. In addition, the course
will provide the students with necessary knowledge and skills in computer software
installation and maintenance to make him diagnose software faults.

DETAILED CONTENTS
Part-A

1. Familiarization with various components and parts of personal computers, mother

board details, hard disk and hard disk drive, floppy disk drive. CD Rom drive,
DVD, keyboard, display devices, various chips (memory chips and CPU); serial
and parallel ports, assembly of complete PC making it operational, fault finding.

Fault diagnosis, repair and maintenance of inkjet, Dot matrix and Laser printers,
Modems, Connectors and Cables, ratings and fault diagnosis of UPS (600VA,
1KVA, 2KVA, 5KVA)

2 Assembly and Dissembling of PCs : Power supply, linear power supply and
switch mode power supply, trouble shooting of SMPS.

Part-B

3. Loading of various operating system, LINUX, Windows XP, 2007, 2008.

Familiarization of their features with practical demonstrations. Changing settings
on Widows XP,2007, 2008.

4. Loading software like MS-Office, Visual Basic, Adobe Photoshop, Macromedia

Flash. Corel Draw, AutoCAD.

5. Installation and Uninstallation of Antivirus Softwares

6. Virus detection, prevention and cure. Use of PC tools. Learning settings of at

least two Antivirus packages.

7. Installation and configuration of latest version of database software like Oracle,

My SQL/SQL Server

8. Visit to computer manufacturing industry or assembly unit

80
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

As the subject is practice oriented, sufficient exercises on assembling and dissembling of

computer system should be given. Exercises in repair and fault finding of peripheral
devices like printers, display devices, disk drive should be given to the student. Field
visits to the places where assembly of computers is taking place will be helpful to the
students. Visits to the manufacturing units of CVT or UPS will also be helpful to the
students.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1) PC Upgrade and Maintenance Guide 8th Edition by Mark Minasi, BPB Publication

2) Hardware Bible by Winn Rosch, Techmedia Publications

3) IBM PC and Clones by Govinda Rajalu. Tata McGraw Hill, Publishers, New Delhi

4) Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques by WD Cooper and

Adhelfrics. Prentice Hall of India

5) Common Computer Circuits and Faults Vol. 1 by M. Lotia, BPB Publications

6) Monitor and Fault Diagnosis Vol. 1 and II. M. Lotia, DPB Publications

7) Unix System Administration by Unleashed. Tech. Media Publications

8) Understanding Unix Tech Media Publications

9) Linux Unleashed Tech Media Publications

10) Unix Configuration and Installation DPB Publications

11) Novel Network Novel’s Guide to Network 4.01 Networks

12) Teach Yourself Unix BPB Publications

13) Study Guide Windows NT Server and Workstation 4 Tech Media Publications

14) Complete Guide to Window NT and Workstation by Peter Norton. Tech Media
Publications

15) Complete Guide to Windows 98 by Peter Norton. Tech. Media Publications

16) Training Guide Windows 98 by MCSE, Tech Media Publications

81