DON BOSCO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Kumbalagodu, Mysore Road, Bengaluru – 560074

Department of Information Science and Engineering

Software Engineering & Project Management (BCS501)

On
System Requirement & Specification on
Library Management System

Submitted by
Latha T J – 1DB22IS063

Under the Guidance of

Deepika A B
Assistant Professor Dept. of ISE

2024-25
 Table of Content
1. Introduction
1) Purpose
2) Product Scope
3) References
2. Overall Description
1) Product Functions
2) Operating Environment
3) Design and Implementation Constraints
4) Assumptions and Dependencies
3. External Interface Requirements
1) User Interfaces Requirements
2) Database Interfaces
3) Third-Party Service Integration
4) Authentication And Authorization Interface
5) Hardware Interface
4. Functional Requirements
1) User Registration and Authentication
2) Booking Catalog Management
3) Book Search and Borrowing
4) Book Return and Renewal
5) Reservation and Holds
5. Nonfunctional Requirements
1) Performance Requirements
2) Reliability and Availability
3) Security Requirements
4) Usability Requirements
5) Maintainability Requirements
6. Other Requirements

Appendix A : Glossary
AppendixB: System Workflow
Appendix C : Additional Considerations
 Library Management System

1. Introduction
1) Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the software requirements for a Library Management
System (LMS). The system will streamline library operations, including book cataloging, user
management, and transaction tracking. It helps in the cataloging, organizing, and easy retrieval
of library resources like books, journals, and multimedia, making it simpler for users to search
for materials by title, author, or category. The system manages user accounts, tracks book
loans, and monitors due dates, ensuring that resources are returned on time while also managing
overdue fines. Furthermore, it aids in inventory control by tracking the availability of items,
managing reservations, and generating detailed reports on library activity.

2) Product Scope
The Library Management System will:

• Organizes library materials (books, journals, multimedia) by categories such as title, author,
ISBN, and subject for easy search and retrieval. Provide real-time seat availability and booking
functionality.
• Manages user profiles, registration, membership details, borrowing privileges, and user activity,
including fines and due dates.
• Automates the process of issuing and returning materials, tracks due dates, and manages overdue
fines.
• Provides a search interface for users to easily find and access resources based on various criteria
(title, author, ISBN, etc.).

3) References

• IEEE SRS Standards

• Library Operations Manual
• International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies (IJCSIT),

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• University of California, Digital Library Program.

• Library Technology Guides.
• Springer Link.
• Neal-Schuman Publishers, ISBN: 978-1555706344.

2. Overall Description
1) Product Functions
The system provides the following core functionalities:

Cataloging: Organizes and categorizes library resources (books, journals, multimedia) into a
structured database for easy access and management.

Search and Retrieval: Provides search functionality to users, allowing them to find resources by
various attributes like title, author, subject, ISBN, and keyword.

User Management: Manages user registration, profiles, borrowing history, membership details,
and borrowing privileges.

Book Issue and Return: Automates the process of issuing materials to users and tracking their
return dates to ensure proper circulation.

Reservation System: Allows users to reserve books that are currently unavailable and notifies them
once they are available for pickup.

Overdue Management: Tracks overdue books, applies fines, and sends reminders or alerts to users
about overdue materials.

Inventory Management: Monitors the status of library resources (available, issued, reserved, or
damaged) and ensures accurate record-keeping of all materials.

Renewal Management: Allows users to renew borrowed materials if no one else has reserved them,
extending the borrowing period.

2) Operating Environment

The operating environment for the Library Management System (LMS) encompasses both the
hardware and software components required to run the system efficiently. The LMS will be
designed to operate in a client-server environment, where the server will host the database and
application logic, while the clients (library staff and users) will access the system through a web
interface or mobile app. The system will be compatible with various operating systems, including

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 Library Management System

Windows, macOS, and Linux, ensuring flexibility for different library setups.

3) Design and Implementation Constraints

• Technology Stack Constraints: The LMS will be built using specific technologies that may
impose constraints on the overall design and performance. The choice of programming
languages, frameworks, and databases
.
• User Interface Constraints: The user interface (UI) must be designed to accommodate a wide
range of users, including librarians, students, and staff members, with varying levels of technical
expertise.

• Database Constraints: The choice of database (relational or NoSQL) impacts data management.
For instance, relational databases require a well-structured schema, which may limit flexibility
in handling dynamic or unstructured data types.

4) Assumptions and Dependencies

• It is assumed that all users, including library staff, students, and visitors, will have access to basic
computing devices such as desktops, laptops, or mobile devices.

• It is assumed that the library staff will have at least basic familiarity with using a digital system,
including navigating the user interface and managing data such as adding/removing books,
processing loans, and viewing reports.

• It is assumed that the library's current data (book records, user accounts, transaction history) is
either in digital form or can be easily converted into a compatible format for migration into the
new system.

3. External Interface Requirements

1) User Interface (UI) Requirements

The system will provide a web-based interface accessible via modern browsers (Chrome, Firefox,
Edge, Safari) and mobile devices. The UI will allow users to search for books, borrow and return
items, view fines, and manage personal accounts.

2) Database Interface

The system will interface with a relational database (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL) or NoSQL
database (e.g., MongoDB) for storing books, user records, and transaction data. Data transactions
will follow secure SQL or API queries.

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 Library Management System

3) Third-Party Service Integration

The LMS will integrate with third-party services such as payment gateways for fines, barcode
scanners, RFID readers, and other library-related tools for book check-out/check-in and user
identification.

4) Authentication and Authorization Interface

The system will support user authentication via secure login forms, with potential integration
with Single Sign-On (SSO) for user verification, password recovery, and role-based access
control.

5) Hardware Interface

The LMS will interface with barcode scanners, receipt printers, and computers for physical
checkouts, returns, and inventory management. It will also support RFID technology for
enhanced book management and tracking.

4. Functional Requirements

1) User Registration and Authentication

• The system shall allow new users to register by providing basic details such as name, email,
contact number, and password.

• The system shall allow registered users to log in using their credentials (username/email and
password).

• The system shall offer role-based access control, distinguishing between regular users,
librarians, and admins.

2) Book Catalog Management

• The system shall allow librarians to add, update, and remove books from the catalog. The
system shall support multiple categories or genres for books. Each book entry shall include
the book title, author, ISBN, genre, publisher, and availability status (available/checked out).

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 Library Management System
3) Book Search and Borrowing

• The system shall display detailed information about each book (e.g., description, author,
availability).

• The system shall allow users to borrow books, provided they are available, and assign due
dates based on library policies.

• The system shall prevent users from borrowing more books than allowed according to library
policies.

4) Book Return and Renewal

• The system shall automatically calculate overdue fines if the book is returned after the due
date.

• The system shall allow users to renew borrowed books, provided they are not reserved by
other users and are within the renewal limit.

5) Reservations and Holds

• The system shall allow users to reserve books that are currently checked out.The system shall
notify users via email when the reserved book becomes available.

• The system shall hold the reserved book for a specific period (e.g., 3 days) after it becomes
available.

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 Library Management System

Figure. Block diagram of Library Management System

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 Library Management System

5. Nonfunctional Requirements

1) Performance Requirements

• The system should handle up to 1,000 concurrent users without significant performance
degradation.

• Transaction processing (e.g., book check-out/check-in, search queries) should be completed

within 2 seconds.

• The system must be capable of scaling to handle up to 10,000 users in case of library
expansion.

2) Reliability and Availability

• The system should have an uptime of 99.9% to ensure uninterrupted service for library users
and staff.

• It should have failover mechanisms in place to ensure continuity in case of system failure.

• Backup and disaster recovery procedures should be implemented to restore the system within
1 hour of failure.

3) Security Requirements

• data, including passwords and personal information, must be encrypted using industry-
standard encryption methods (e.g., AES-256).

• The system should implement role-based access control to ensure that only authorized users
can perform administrative actions.

• All communications between the client and server should be secured using SSL/TLS
protocols to prevent unauthorized access or data interception.

• The system should protect against common vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site
scripting (XSS), and cross-site request forgery (CSRF).

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 Library Management System

4) Usability Requirements

• The system should be user-friendly, with intuitive navigation for library staff and users with
varying levels of technical expertise.

• The user interface should be simple and accessible, with clear labels, tooltips, and instructions
for users.

• The system should be responsive and accessible on both desktop and mobile devices.

• The interface must support accessibility standards such as WCAG 2.1 to accommodate users
with disabilities.

5) Maintainability Requirements

• The system should be modular, allowing easy updates, bug fixes, and the addition of new
features without affecting other parts of the system.

• The codebase should follow best practices in terms of code organization, commenting, and
documentation, ensuring that developers can maintain the system with minimal overhead.

• Automated tests (unit, integration) should be in place to verify system functionality and
ensure that new features do not break existing functionality.

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 Library Management System

6. Other Requirements

1) Data Migration

• The system must support the migration of existing library data (books, users, transactions)
from legacy systems or spreadsheets to the new system.

• The migration process should be seamless, with minimal downtime, and ensure that no data
is lost during the transition.

• Data validation mechanisms should be in place to ensure the accuracy and integrity of
migrated data.

2) Audit and Reporting

• The LMS should provide audit logs of all user activities, including book check-outs,
returns, fines, and administrative actions.

• The system should generate various reports such as inventory reports, overdue books, fines
collection, and user activity logs, which can be exported in common formats (PDF, Excel).

• The reporting features should be flexible, allowing librarians to customize and filter reports
based on various parameters like date range, book category, or user type.

3) Customizability

• The LMS should allow for customization to suit the specific needs of different libraries.
This includes the ability to modify the user interface, add or remove features, and configure
workflows.

• The system should support custom fields for books and user profiles, allowing libraries to
track additional information (e.g., genre, publisher, student ID).

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4) Multi-Branch Support

• The system should support multiple branches of a library, allowing staff at different locations
to manage their own inventory while having access to a centralized database.

• It should allow users to request or transfer books between branches and view the availability
of items across locations.

Appendix B: System Workflow Descriptions

1) User Registration Workflow:

• The user accesses the LMS registration page through the web interface.

• The user enters personal information, such as name, email address, phone number, and
library card details.

• The system validates the data (e.g., checks for missing fields, correct email format).

• If the data is valid, the system creates a new user profile in the database and assigns a unique
user ID.

• The user receives a confirmation email with their account details and a link to activate the
account.

2) Book Search and Selection Workflow:

• The user accesses the search bar or catalog page from the LMS homepage.

• The user enters a search query (e.g., book title, author, ISBN) or applies filters (e.g., genre,
publication date).

• The system queries the database and retrieves the results based on the user’s criteria.

• The search results are displayed on the screen with relevant book details (title, author,
availability, etc.).

• The user can view more details about any book by clicking on it (e.g., summary, ratings, and
availability status).

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 Library Management System

• The user selects a book to borrow or reserve if available.

3) Book Borrowing Workflow:

• The user logs into their account and selects a book from the catalog or search results.

• If the book is available, the system checks the user’s borrowing limit and current fines (if
any).

• The system prompts the user to confirm the book borrowing action (e.g., display due
date).

• The user confirms the borrowing request.

• The system updates the book status to "borrowed" and records the transaction, including
due date and user information.

• The system generates a receipt for the user and provides a confirmation message.

• The user receives an email or SMS notification with borrowing details (due date, book
title, etc.).

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Appendix C: Additional Considerations

1) System Scalability and Growth

Consideration: As the library grows, the LMS must be able to handle an increasing number
of users, books, and transactions.The system must be designed to scale effectively without
compromising performance.

Actions:

• Ensure that the architecture supports horizontal scaling (e.g., adding more servers) to
accommodate higher traffic loads.

• Optimize the database for quick access and smooth query processing as the volume of data
increases
.
• Implement cloud-based or distributed solutions for data storage to ensure scalability.

2) User Training and Support

Consideration: Training users, especially library staff, is essential for ensuring that they can
effectively use the LMS.

Actions:

• Provide comprehensive user manuals, both in print and online, detailing how to perform
common tasks (e.g., searching for books, managing users, generating reports).

• Offer training sessions for library staff to ensure they are comfortable with the system and
can troubleshoot basic issues.

• Include an online help section or FAQ in the system to provide immediate assistance to
users.

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 Movie Ticket Booking System

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