CIRCULAR MEASURE

1 In this question all lengths are in centimetres.

a
2z T
O
rad

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius a. The lines PT and QT are tangents to the circle at P and
Q respectively. Angle POQ is 2z radians.

(a) In the case when the area of the sector OPQ is equal to the area of the shaded region, show that
tan z = 2z . [4]

(b) In the case when the perimeter of the sector OPQ is equal to half the perimeter of the shaded
region, find an expression for tan z in terms of z. [3]

M
A 6 cm B

4 cm O

D C

N
12 cm

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius 12 cm, and a rectangle ABCD. The diagonals AC and
BD intersect at O. The sides AB and AD of the rectangle have lengths 6 cm and 4 cm respectively. The
points M and N lie on the circumference of the circle such that MAC and NDB are straight lines.

(a) Show that angle AOD is 1.176 radians correct to 3 decimal places. [2]

(b) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [4]

(c) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

3 P

A Q B

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius 10 cm. The points A, B and P lie on the circumference of
the circle. The chord AB is of length 14 cm. The point Q lies on AB and the line POQ is perpendicular to
AB.

(a) Show that angle POA is 2.366 radians, correct to 3 decimal places. [2]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

(c) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [5]

4 In this question all lengths are in centimetres.

10

A 15 B

25

C [Turn over
 The diagram shows a shaded shape. The arc AB is the major arc of a circle, centre O, radius 10. The line
AB is of length 15, the line OC is of length 25 and the lengths of AC and BC are equal.

(a) Show that the angle AOB is 1.70 radians correct to 2 decimal places. [2]

(b) Find the perimeter of the shaded shape. [4]

(c) Find the area of the shaded shape. [5]

5 B

18 cm

7r rad
A C
9

DAB is a sector of a circle, centre A, radius 18 cm. The lines CB and CD are tangents to the circle.
7r
Angle DAB is radians.
9
(a) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [3]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

6 In this question all lengths are in centimetres and all angles are in radians.

A r B C r D

F E

[Turn over
 The diagram shows the rectangle ADEF, where AF = DE = r . The points B and C lie on AD such that
AB = CD = r . The curve BC is an arc of the circle, centre O, radius r and has a length of 1.5r.

(a) Show that the perimeter of the shaded region is (7.5 + 2 sin 0.75) r . [5]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region, giving your answer in the form kr 2 , where k is a constant
correct to 2 decimal places. [4]

7 In this question all lengths are in centimetres.

1.45 r

O
C 0.5 r r B

The diagram shows the figure ABC. The arc AB is part of a circle, centre O, radius r, and is of length
1.45r. The point O lies on the straight line CB such that CO = 0.5r .

(a) Find, in radians, the angle AOB. [1]

(b) Find the area of ABC, giving your answer in the form kr2, where k is a constant. [3]

(c) Given that the perimeter of ABC is 12 cm, find the value of r. [4]

8 O

i rad
12 cm

C D
9.6 cm
A M B

The diagram shows an isosceles triangle OAB such that OA = OB and angle AOB = i radians. The
points C and D lie on OA and OB respectively. CD is an arc of length 9.6 cm of the circle, centre O,
radius 12 cm. The arc CD touches the line AB at the point M.

(a) Find the value of i. [1]

(b) Find the total area of the shaded regions. [4]

(c) Find the total perimeter of the shaded regions. [3]

9 A

C1 C2

The circles with centres C1 and C2 have equal radii of length r cm. The line C1C2 is a radius of both
circles. The two circles intersect at A and B.

(a) Given that the perimeter of the shaded region is 4r cm, find the value of r. [4]

(b) Find the exact area of the shaded region. [4]

10

A 18 cm B

10 cm
O
18 cm

The diagram shows a circle centre O, radius 10 cm. The points A, B and C lie on the circumference of the
circle such that AB = BC = 18 cm.

(i) Show that angle AOB = 2.24 radians correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [5]

(iii) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

11 A

12 cm

9.6 cm

i rad
O B
C
[Turn over
 r
The diagram shows the right-angled triangle OAB. The point C lies on the line OB. Angle OAB = radians
2
and angle AOB = i radians. AC is an arc of the circle, centre O, radius 12 cm and AC has length 9.6 cm.

(i) Find the value of i. [2]

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region. [4]

12

P Q

i rad r cm

The diagram shows the sector OPQ of a circle, centre O, radius r cm, where angle POQ = i radians. The
perimeter of the sector is 10 cm.
50i
Show that area, A cm2, of the sector is given by A = . [5]
(2 + i) 2

13

P Q

r cm i rad

The diagram shows a sector POQ of a circle, centre O, radius r cm, where angle POQ = i radians. The
perimeter of the sector is 20 cm.

Show that the area, A cm2, of the sector is given by A = 10r - r2 . [3]

14 40 cm

A
D

x rad
O C B
16 cm [Turn over
 In the diagram AOB and DOC are sectors of a circle centre O. The angle AOB is x radians. The length
of the arc AB is 40 cm and the radius OB is 16 cm.

(i) Find the value of x. [2]

(ii) Find the area of sector AOB. [2]

(iii) Given that the area of the shaded region ABCD is 140 cm2, find the length of OC. [3]

15 A

B
5 cm

1.5
rad
E
O C

In the diagram, ABC is an arc of the circle centre O, radius 5 cm, and angle AOC is 1.5 radians. AD and
CE are diameters of the circle and DE is a straight line.

(i) Find the total perimeter of the shaded regions. [3]

(ii) Find the total area of the shaded regions. [3]

16 B
F
E
6.2
5 cm

cm

A 5 cm C

The diagram shows an isosceles triangle ABC, where AB = AC = 5 cm. The arc BEC is part of the
circle centre A and has length 6.2 cm. The point D is the midpoint of the line BC. The arc BFC is a
semi-circle centre D.

(i) Show that angle BAC is 1.24 radians. [1]

(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [3]

(iii) Find the area of the shaded region. [4]

17 14.8 cm

A B

10 cm

D C

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius 10 cm. The points A, B, C and D lie on the circumference
of the circle such that AB is parallel to DC. The length of the minor arc AB is 14.8 cm. The area of the
minor sector ODC is 21.8 cm2.

(i) Write down, in radians, angle AOB. [1]

(ii) Find, in radians, angle DOC. [2]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [4]

(iv) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

18 A 8 cm D
cm
12

B C

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius 12 cm. The points A and B lie on the circumference of the
circle and form a rectangle with the points C and D. The length of AD is 8 cm and the area of the minor
sector AOB is 150 cm2.

(i) Show that angle AOB is 2.08 radians, correct to 2 decimal places. [2]

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region ADCB. [6]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region ADCB. [3]

19

8 cm
A B
4 cm
D C

The diagram shows a circle, centre O, radius 8 cm. The points A, B, C and D lie on the circumference of
the circle such that AB is parallel to DC. The length of the arc AD is 4 cm and the length of the chord AB
is 15 cm.

(i) Find, in radians, angle AOD. [1]

(ii) Hence show that angle DOC = 1.43 radians, correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [3]

(iv) Find the area of the shaded region. [4]

20
B A

12 cm i rad

C D

The diagram shows a sector AOB of the circle, centre O, radius 12 cm, together with points C and
D such that ABCD is a rectangle. The angle AOB is i radians and the perimeter of the sector AOB is
47 cm.

(i) Show that i = 1.92 radians correct to 2 decimal places. [2]

(ii) Find the length of CD. [2]

(iii) Given that the total area of the shape is 425 cm2, find the length of AD. [5]
21 A

6 cm

10 cm O
T B

The points A, B and C lie on a circle centre O, radius 6 cm. The tangents to the circle at A and C meet
at the point T. The length of OT is 10 cm. Find

(i) the angle TOA in radians, [2]

(ii) the area of the region TABCT, [6]

(iii) the perimeter of the region TABCT. [2]

22
A B
x cm
y cm

D C

The diagram shows a badge, made of thin sheet metal, consisting of two semi-circular pieces, centres
B and C, each of radius x cm. They are attached to each other by a rectangular piece of thin sheet
metal, ABCD, such that AB and CD are the radii of the semi-circular pieces and AD = BC = y cm.

Given that the area of the badge is 20 cm2, show that the perimeter, P cm, of the badge is given
40 [4]
by P = 2x + .
x
23

A
θ rad
B

The diagram shows 3 circles with centres A, B and C, each of radius 5 cm. Each circle touches the other
two circles. Angle BAC is θ radians.

(i) Write down the value of θ. [1]

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region between the circles. [4]

24 O

i rad
5 cm

A B

The diagram shows a sector of a circle with centre O and radius 5 cm. The length of the arc AB is 7 cm.
Angle AOB is θ radians.

(i) Explain why θ must be greater than 1 radian. [1]

(ii) Find the value of θ. [2]

(iii) Calculate the area of the sector AOB. [2]

(iv) Calculate the area of the shaded segment. [2]

 MARK SCHEME

1(a) 1 1 B1 or [area kite =] 2a 2 or

[area sector =] 2  a 2 or a 2 (2 ) oe
2 2 [area OPT =] a 2 nfww

 1 1 B1 1
[shaded area = ]  2   a ( a tan  ) oe or or [a 2  a  PT ] PT  2a
 2 2 2
1 2 and PT  a tan  oe, nfww
a (a tan  )  a (2 ) oe soi
2

Correct equation using correct areas e.g. M1 or equates expressions for PT

1
a 2  a(a tan  ) or a(a tan  )  a 2  a 2
2
soi

Correct completion to given equation A1

tan   2

Alternative method

1 1 (B1)
[ area sector =] a 2
2 2

1 (B1)
[ shaded area = ]
2
1 1
 a (a tan  ) oe
2 2
1 1
or a (a tan  )  a 2 oe soi
2 2

Correct equation using correct areas (M1)

1 1
e.g. a 2  a (a tan  )
2 4
1 2 1 1
or a tan   a 2  a 2 soi
2 2 2

Correct completion to given equation (A1)

tan   2

1(b) 1 M2 M1 for arc length = 2a soi or for

2a + a(2) = (2a tan   a(2 )) oe
2 PT  a tan  and PT  2a  a
or a tan   2a  a

tan   2   A1
2(a) 2 M1 For correct method to find AOD
AOD = 2 × tan −1  
3

AOD = 1.1760... A1 Need to see 4 dp or more to

AOD = 1.176 [to 3dp] justify 3 dp answer

2(b) Major arc MN = ( 2π −1.176 )12 B1

ND or MA = 12 − 13 B1

Perimeter = major arc MN + MA + ND + 16 oe B1 For their values in a correct

plan, may be implied by a
correct answer

Perimeter = 94.1 B1

2(c) 1 B1
Minor sector area = × 1.176 ×122
2
or
1
Major sector area = × ( 2π −1.176 ) × 122
2

Area = major sector area – remainder of rectangle B1 For their values in a correct
or plan, may be implied by a
Area = area of circle – minor sector area – remainder correct answer
of rectangle
or
Area = circle – rectangle – minor sector + triangle
AOD

Area = 350 B1 Allow greater accuracy

3(a) 7 M1 Allow alternatives, but must be a complete

sin AOQ = method to find POA
10
POA = π − AOQ
or
14 2 = 10 2 + 10 2 − 200 cos AOB oe
2π − AOB
POA =
2

POA = 2.366195157 = 2.366 to 3 dp A1 Must see an angle correct to more than 3dp
used in order to justify 3 dp

3(b) 1 2 B1 Allow unsimplified. Also allow use of

Area of sector = 10 ( 2.366 ) 2.37
2
(118.3)
1 2 B1 Allow unsimplified. Also allow use of
Area of triangle = 10 sin 2.366 2.37
2
( 35)
Total area = awrt 153 B1 Allow greater accuracy
3(c) Major arc PB = 10× 2.366 B1 Allow unsimplified. Also allow use of
2.37

AP M1 For a valid attempt to find AP – may be

POA 2 seen in (a) or (b) but AP must be stated in
sin =
2 10 this part.
or AP 2 = 10 2 + 10 2 − 200 cos POA

AP =18.5 A1 Allow awrt 18.5

Perimeter: major arc PB + 20 + their AP B1 For plan, may be implied, but must have
an attempt to calculate AP

Total perimeter = 62.2 A1 Allow awrt 62.2

4(a) AOB 7.5 M1 For a valid method

sin =
2 10

AOB = 1.696 A1 Must see greater accuracy to justify

= 1.70 to 2 dp given answer

4(b)   AOB   M1 For a complete and valid method to

AC 2 = 102 + 252 −  2 × 10 × 25cos   find AC
  2 

AC = awrt 19.9 A1

Major arc AB = awrt 45.9 or awrt 45.8 B1

Perimeter = awrt 85.5 or awrt 85.6 A1

4(c) Area of major sector AOB = M1

1
× 102 ( 2π − AOB )
2

awrt 229 A1

1 B1 Allow working with 2 separate

Area of kite OACB = × 15 × 25 triangles
2

Area of their major sector plus area of M1

their kite

Total area = awrt 417 A1

5(a) [Arc length + 2 × tangent length] M2 M1 for
7π 7π 7π
18 × + 2 × 18 × tan oe [Arc length] 18 × oe
9 18 9
7π
or [Tangent length] 18 × tan oe
18
18
or [Tangent length] oe
π
tan
9
18 7π
or [Tangent length] × sin oe
π 18
sin
9

143 or 142.9 or awrt 142.9 (cm) A1

5(b) [Area of kite – area of sector] M2 FT their BC or CD from (a) providing it is not
 7π  1 7π 18
18 × their 18 × tan  − × 182 ×
 18  2 9
1 7π
oe M1 for [area of sector] × 182 × oe
2 9
 7π 
or [area of kite] 18 × their  18 × tan  oe
 18 
or [area of kite] 18 × their(18×tan70) oe

494 or 494.3 or awrt 494.3 (cm2) A1

6(a) ∠BOC = 1.5 rad B1

BC M1 For a complete attempt to find BC

sin 0.75 = 2 – must be using a right-angled
r triangle to get required result
– Given answer

BC = 2r sin 0.75 A1

Perimeter = 2r + 2r sin 0.75 + 4r + 1.5r M1 D on first M mark for attempt at

perimeter

r ( 7.5 + 2sin 0.75 ) A1 Give answer

6(b) 1 3 M for a correct plan

Area = ( 2r + 2r sin 0.75 ) r − r 2 (1.5 − sin1.5)
2 M1 for ( 2r + 2r sin 0.75 ) r , using
Area = 3.36r 2 − 0.75r 2 + 0.4987r 2 their 2r sin 0.75
B1 for segment
1 2
r (1.5 − sin1.5) = 0.251r 2
2

Area = 3.11r 2 A1
7(a) ∠AOB = 1.45 (radians) B1

7(b) 1 2 B1 For correct sector area.

Sector area =
2
( )
r (1.45) Allow unsimplified

Area of triangle B1 For correct area of triangle

1 Allow unsimplified
= × 0.5r × r × sin ( π − their 1.45 )
2

Total area = 0.973r 2 B1

7(c) (AC2) = r2 + 0.25r2 – (2 × r × 0.5r cos(π – 1.45)) M1 For correct substitution in cosine
rule using ( π − their 1.45 )

AC = 1.17 r A1

Perimeter = 2.95r + 1.17 r B1 FT on their AC

r = 2.91 A1

8(a) 0.8 B1

8(b) 1 2 B1 Allow unsimplified

Sector area = 12 ( 0.8 )
2
57.6

AM M1 θ
tan 0.4 = Attempt at AM using their
12 2
AM = 12 tan 0.4 Allow unsimplified
5.074

1 M1 Area of triangle using their AM, allow

Area of triangle = ( 5.074 × 2 ) × 2 × 12 unsimplified
2
60.88

Shaded area 3.28 A1

8(c) AM M1 θ
sin 0.4 = Attempt to find OA using their and
OA 2
5.074 their AM
OA =
sin 0.4
13.03

Perimeter = 2 (1.03) + 9.6 + 2 ( 5.074 ) M1 θ

Allow if using their and their CM
2

Perimeter = 21.8 A1
 9(a) 4 B2 2
[perimeter =] πr soi B1 for angle ACB = π
3 3

 4  M1
 th eir πr  = 4π oe
 3 

r=3 A1

9(b) 1 2π M1
× their 32 × their oe
2 3

1 2π M1
× their 32 × sin their oe
2 3

For subtracting and doubling: M1

2π
their32 × their −
3
2π
their 32 × sin their
3

9 A1
6π − 3 or exact equivalent
2

10(i) Either M1 Attempt to use cosine rule

182 = 10 2 + 10 2 − 200 cos AOB

cos AOB = −0.62 A1 Allow unsimplified

AOB = 2.2395 or greater accuracy, so 2.24 A1 Must justify 2 dp

(to 2 dp)
or AOB = 2.239... so 2.24 (to 2 dp)
AOB = 2.240 so 2.24 (to 2 dp)

10(i) AOB 9 M1 Attempt at trig using a right angled

Or sin = triangle
2 10
AOB 9
or tan =
2 19
AOB 19
or cos =
2 10

AOB A1
= awrt 1.12
2

AOB = 2.2395 or greater accuracy, so 2.24 A1 Must justify 2 dp

(to 2 dp)
or AOB = 2.239... so 2.24 (to 2 dp)
AOB = 2.240 so 2.24 (to 2 dp)
10(ii) AOC = 2π − 2 ( 2.2395 ) or M1 For attempt to find angle AOC or ABC
AOC AOC = 2π − 2 ( their AOB )
or ABC = π − ( 2.2395 ) oe
2 ABC = π − ( their AOB ) oe

AOC = 1.804 or 1.803 A1 Condone 1.8 or 1.80

Arc length = 18.04 or 18.03 M1 For attempt at arc length using

10 × their AOC

AOC ABC M1 For attempt at AC using their AOC, or

AC = 20sin or 36sin
2 2 2π
ABC but AOC ≠ 2.24 or
or 102 + 102 − 200 cos AOC 3

or 182 + 182 − 648cos ABC

= 15.69 or 15.7

Perimeter = 33.7 A1 Allow awrt 33.7

10(iii) Area of sector = 50 ×1.804 M1 For attempt at sector area

= 90.2 or 90.15 1
×102 × their AOC
2
AOC must be in radians

Area of triangle = 50sin1.804 = 48.6 or 48.66 M1 For attempt at area of triangle

1
× 102 × sin their AOC
2
AOC must be in radians

Shaded area = 41.6 or 41.5 A1 Lack of accuracy is penalised here

11(i) 9.6 =12θ M1 For use of arc length

θ = 0.8 A1

11(ii) Either M1 For attempt to find AB or OB using

AB their θ
tan θ = , ( AB = 12.36 ) May be implied by a correct
12
Or triangle area
12 Allow if using degrees consistently
OB = ( OB = 17.22 )
cosθ

Either M1 Allow if using degrees consistently

1
Area ∆OAB = × 12 × their 12.36
2
Or
1
Area ∆OAB = ×12 × their 17.22 × sinθ For attempt to find area of triangle
2 using their θ
( = 74.1 or 74.2)
1 B1 Allow unsimplified
Area of sector OAC = × 122 × 0.8
2
= 57.6

Area of shaded region = 16.5 or 16.6 A1

 12 2r + rθ = 10 M1 For use of arc length and attempt to get
perimeter, must have 2 terms involving
r

M1 Dep
For attempt to get r in terms of θ

10 A1
r=
2 +θ

1  10 
2 M1 For attempt to obtain the area of the
A=  θ sector in terms of θ only, using their r
2  2 + θ 

50θ A1 For manipulation to get the required

A= answer nfww
(2 + θ ) 2
AG

13 20 − 2r B1
θ=
r

1 2  20 − 2r  M1 use of their θ in terms of r in

Area = r   formula for sector area
2  r 

A =10r − r 2 A1 simplification to get given answer

Alternative

s = 20 − 2r B1

1 M1 use of formula for sector area using

= r (20 − 2r) their expression for s in terms of r
2

A =10r − r 2 A1 simplification to get given answer

14(i) 16x = 40 oe M1

x = 2.5 oe (radians) A1

14(ii) 1 M1
(16 )2 (2.5) oe
2

320 A1

14(iii) 1 2 M1 FT provided their 320 > 140

r ( their 2.5) = (their320) −140 oe
2

correct simplification to r2 = … M1 dep on first M1

12 A1
 15(i) (Arc length = ) 1.5 × 5 oe soi M1 implied by 7.5

(DE =) 10sin(0.75) oe soi M1 implied by awrt 6.82

34.3 or answer in range 34.31 to 34.32 A1

15(ii) 1 M1 implied by 18.75

(Area sector = ) × 52 × 1.5 oe
2

1 M1 implied by awrt 12.47

(Area triangle =) × 52 × sin(1.5) oe
2

31.2 or answer in range 31.21 to 31.22 A1

16(i) 5∠BAC = 6.2 , ∠BAC =1.24 B1

16(ii) BD B1 valid method to find BD

sin 0.62 = , BD = 2.905 , 2.91
5

Arc BFC: π × BD ( = 9.13) M1 attempt to find arc length BFC,

using their BD

Perimeter: 9.13 + 6.2 =15.3 A1

16(iii) Area: B3 B1 for area of semi circle (= 13.3)

1 2
B1 for area of sector (= 15.5)
 × π × 2.91  − B1 for area of triangle (= 11.8)
2 
 1 2  1 2 
  × 5 × 1.24  −  × 5 × sin1.24  
 2  2 

9.58⩽ Area ⩽ 9.62 B1 final answer

17(i) 1.48 B1

17(ii) 1 M1 correct use of sector area

× 10 2 × θ = 21.8
2

θ = 0.436 A1

17(iii) 2π − 1.48 − 0.436 B1 2.18(4) or unsimplified

∠BOC = ( = 2.18(4) )
2

1  M2 M1 for a complete correct method to find

BC = 20sin  ∠BOC  or BC using their angle BOC
 2 
10 × sin BOC M1 for a correct plan using 14.8, their BC
BC = or
 π − BOC  and 10 × their answer to (ii)
sin  
 2 
BC = (200 − 200 cos BOC
BC = 17.7 ( 5 )

Perimeter = 14.8 + ( 2 ×17.7(5) ) + 4.36 A1 awrt 54.7 or awrt 54.6

= 54.7 or 54.6
17(iv) Area = B2 1 
B1 for  × 102 ×1.48  + 21.8
2 
1 2  1 2 
 × 10 × 1.48  + 21.8 + 2  × 10 sin 2.18(4)  1 
B1 for 2  ×102 sin 2.18(4) 
2  2 
2 

= 178 B1 awrt 178 from correct working

Alternative method 1

B1
Segment area =
1
2
(
10 2 ( 2.18 − sin 2.18 ) ) B1 for 2 ×
1
2
(10 2 ( 2.18(4) − sin 2.18(4 ) )
Area required = B1
1
(
100π − 2 × 10 2 ( 2.18(4) − sin 2.18(4) )
2
)
= 178 B1 awrt 178 from correct working

Alternative method 2

1 B1 correct area of trapezium ABCD (allow

Area of trapezium =
2
( (13.5 + 4.33) (17.1) ) unsimplified)

B1 correct area of both segments (allow

Area of segments =
1
2
( )
10 2 (1.48 − sin1.48 ) + unsimplified)
1
2
(
10 2 ( 0.436 − sin 0.436 ) )
= 178 B1 awrt 178 from correct working

18(i) 1 M1 use of sector area

× 12 2 × θ = 150
2

θ = 2.083 , so θ = 2.08 to 2dp A1

18(ii) 1 M1 correct method for area of triangle

Area of triangle AOB = ×12 2 sin 2.08
2

1 A1 allow unsimplified, using

Area of segment = 150 − × 12 2 × sin 2.08
2 150
θ = 2.08, 2.083 or
72

AB M1 correct trigonometric statement using

150
sin1.04 = 2 θ = 2.08, 2.083 or with attempt to
12 72
obtain AB

AB = awrt 20.7 A1

Shaded area = their AB ×8 − their segment area M1 execution of a correct ‘plan’(rectangle –

segment)

awrt 78.4 or 78.5 A1

 18(iii) Arc AB = 25 or 24.96 B1

Perimeter = 25 + their AB + 16 M1 correct ‘plan’ ( arc + their AB + 2 × 8 )

awrt 61.7 A1

19(i) 0.5 B1 for 0.5 from correct work only

19(ii) 152 = 82 + 82 − ( 2 × 8 × 8 × cos AOB ) M1 use of cosine rule (or equivalent) to obtain
angle AOB.
AOB = 2.43075 rads

DOC = AOB − 2 ( their AOD ) M1 use of angle AOD and symmetry

DOC = 1.43 to 2 dp A1 Answer Given: need to have seen either

2.431 or better, or 1.431 or better in
previous calculations

Alternative 1

 1 + DOC  M1 use of basic trigonometry

15 = 2 × 8 × sin  
 2 

1 + 0.5DOC M1 may be implied

use of
2

DOC = 1.43 to 2 dp A1 Answer Given: need to have seen either

2.431 or better, or 1.431 or better or 1.215
or better in previous calculations

Alternative 2

152 = 82 + 82 − ( 2 × 8 × 8 × cos AOB ) M1 use of cosine rule (or equivalent) to obtain

angle AOB.
AOB = 2.43075 rads
∠AOB × 8 = arc AB

arcAB − 8 M1 attempt at DOC, must be a complete

= ∠DOC method with AOB found
8

DOC = 1.43 to 2 dp A1 Answer Given: need to have seen either

2.431 or better, or 1.431 or better or 1.215
or better in previous calculations

Alternative 3

Equating 2 different forms for the area of triangle M1 using both different forms of the area of
AOB triangle AOB
15 31 1 2
= × 8 sin AOB , AOB = 2.43075 rads
4 2

DOC = AOB − 2 ( their AOD ) M1 use of angle AOD and symmetry

DOC = 1.43 to 2 dp A1 Answer Given: need to have seen either

2.431 or better, or 1.431 or better in
previous calculations
19(iii) DC M1 use of cosine rule or basic trigomoetry to
 1.43  2 or obtain DC
sin  =
 2  8
DC 2 = 82 + 82 − ( 2 × 8 × 8 × cos1.43)

DC = 10.49 A1 awrt 10.5, may be implied

Perimeter = 10.49 + 4 + 4 + 15 A1 awrt 33.5

= 33.5

19(iv) 1 2 1 B1 area of one appropriate sector; allow

× 8 ( 2.43 − sin 2.43) − × 82 (1.431 − sin1.431) unsimplified; may be implied by a correct
2 2
segment

area of one appropriate triangle, allow unsimplified B1

an appropriate segment, allow unsimplified B1

= 42.8 (allow awrt 42.8) B1 final answer

Alternative 1

Area of a trapezium + 2 small segments B1 one appropriate small sector, allow

unsimpified (could be doubled)

1 2 B1 an appropriate triangle, allow unsimplfied

Each small segment = ×8 ( 0.5 − sin 0.5) (could be doubled)
2

1 B1 attempt at trapezium, must have a correct

Area of trapezium = (15 + 10.5) × ( 6.041− 2.784) attempt at finding the distance between
2
the parallel sides – allow unsimplified

Total area = 42.8 (allow awrt 42.8) B1 final answer

Alternative 2

Area of 2 small sectors + area of triangle ODC – the B1 area of small sector, allow unsimplified,
area of triangle OAB (could be doubled)
1 1
Area of a small sector = × 82 ×
2 2

1 2 B1 area of triangle ODC, allow unsimplified

Area of triangle ODC = × 8 × sin1.43
2

1 2 B1 area of triangle OAB, allow unsimplified

Area of triangle OAB = × 8 × sin 2.43
2

Total area = 42.8 (allow awrt 42.8) B1 final answer

 19(iv) Alternative 3
B1 area of a small segment, allow
Area of rectangle + 2 small triangles + 2 small unsimplified, could be doubled
segments
1
Each small segment = ×82 ( 0.5 − sin 0.5 )
2

1 (15 −10.49 ) B1 area of a small triangle, allow

× ( 6.041 − 2.784 ) unsimplified, could be doubled
2 2

Area of rectangle = 10.49 × ( 6.041 − 2.784 ) B1 allow unsimplified, could be doubled

Total area = 42.8 (allow awrt 42.8) B1 final answer

Alternative 4
B1 area of one appropriate sector; allow
Sector AOB – sector AOD – sector COB – triangle unsimplified; may be implied by a correct
DOC segment

1 2  1 2  1 2  B1 area of one appropriate triangle, allow

 × 8 × 2.43  − 2  × 8 × 0.5  −  × 8 sin1.43  unsimplified
 2   2   2 
Area = sector AOB – segment DC – triangle AOB

1 2  1 2  B1 an appropriate segment, allow

 × 8 × 2.43  − (their segment) −  × 8 sin 2.43  unsimplified
2  2 

Total area = 42.8 (allow awrt 42.8) B1 final answer

20 (i) 47 − 24 = 12θ
23
θ= , so θ = 1.917 or better M1 for complete correct method to get θ =
12
θ = 1.92 to 2dp A1 must have evidence of working to more
than 2 dp, allow if 1.916 seen (truncated)

CD
θ 2
(ii) sin = M1 for a complete method, may use cosine rule
2 12 to get CD
CD = awrt 19.6 or 19.7 A1

(iii) Area of sector = awrt 138 B1 for sector area, allow unsimplified
Area of triangle AOB = awrt 67 or 68 M1 for a correct attempt at area
Area of segment = awrt 70 or 71 M1 for segment area (their sector area – their
triangle area)
AD × AB + segment area = 425 M1 for complete method to find AD
leading to AD = awrt 18.1 or 18.0 A1 Allow A1 for 18

Alternative method:
Area of sector = awrt 138 B1 for sector area
Difference in length between BC (or AD) and M1 for attempt to find difference between
OM where M is the midpoint of CD = 6.88, parallel sides
allow awrt 6.9
Remaining area consists of two trapezia each M1 for area of one trapezium
of width 9.85 and each of area 143.4 1
1 ( 2 BC − their 6.88) × their 9.85 oe
( 2 BC − 6.88) × 9.85 = 143.4 oe 2
2
M1 for attempt to find either BC or AD
leading to AD = awrt 18.1 or 18.0 A1
 6
21 (i) cosTOA = → M1 any method
10
TOA = 0.927 A1

(ii) area of major sector =

1 2 1 2
6 ( 2π − 2 × their 0.927 ) (= 79.7) M2 or M1for 6 (2 × their 0.927)
2 2
1 2
DM1 for π×62 – 6 (2 × their 0.927)
1 2
area of half kite = ( 6 ) 102 − 62 (=24) M1
2
area of kite ×2 (=48) DM1 any method

complete correct plan DM1 their major sector + their kite

awrt 128 A1

(iii) arc length =

6 × (2π − 2 × their0.927) + 2 × 102 − 62 ) M1 complete correct method
awrt 42.6 A1

22
Area: 20 = πx 2 + xy B1
2
20 − πx
y= B1
x
P = 2πx + 2 x + 2 y
 20  M1 for attempt to use perimeter and obtain in terms
= 2πx + 2 x + 2  − πx 
 x  of x only
40
= 2x + A1 all steps seen, www AG
x

Alternative method:
20 = πx 2 + xy B1
P = 2πx + 2 y + 2 x
2
x
(
= πx 2 + xy + 2 x) M1 for attempt to use perimeter and write in
πx 2 + xy
x
2
= ( 20 ) +2x B1 for replacing πx 2 + xy with 20
x
40 A1 all steps seen, www AG
= 2x +
x
 π
23 (i) isw B1
3

1  π
(ii) [Area triangle ABC =] × 102 × sin  their  M1 seen or implied by 25 3 or 43.3(0...)
2  3
oe

1 π 25π
[Area 1 sector = ] × 52 × their oe M1 seen or implied by or 13.0(8...)
2 3 6
their 60° or 13.09
or π × 52 ×
360

Complete correct plan M1 e.g. their triangle – 3(their sector)

25π
4.03(1...) or 25 3 − isw A1 Units not required
2

24 (i) Valid explanation B1 e.g. arc length is greater than the radius
or 7 is greater than 5

(ii) 7 = 5θ M1
θ =1.4 oe A1 implies M1

1 2
(iii) × 5 × their1.4 oe M1
2
17.5oe A1

1 2
(iv) [ triangle area = ] × 5 × sin their1.4 M1 may be embedded in a difference calculation
2
or 12.3 to 12.32
1
or for [ × base × height=]
2
1
× 6.4[4...] × 3.8[2...] oe
2

5.18 to 5.2 inclusive A1 implies M1