AutoCAD Basics Tutorial Handout

Er. Pankaj Chhabra

 What is
AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided

AutoCAD?
Drafting) software application for 2D and 3D design and drafting.

 The Word AutoCAD is made up of two words “Auto(logo of

company)”and CAD “(computer aided design)”.

 It is developed by Autodesk Company.

 Autodesk is an U.S.A based company.

 It is widely used in industry for 2D drawing and 3D modeling.

 AutoCAD software was firstly launched by Autodesk company in Dec.

1982.

 It comes in India in 1988.

 The first version of AutoCAD was R1 after that R2,R3,R4……………

and so on.

 In 2000,Autodesk launched a version of AutoCAD 2000 after that

2001,2002…… 2020 so on.

 Latest version is easy to use and over come the difficulties of old version
AutoCAD screen
Workspace (Model): The area where you will be drafting on.

 Within AutoCAD 2013, there is an option for AutoCAD Classic, which will
reformat the screen to represent the old format of AutoCAD prior to 2009.
 This tutorial will go through the basics using the new AutoCAD format so
leave the option at Drafting & Annotations.

General Shortcuts:
Ctrl+S saves the dwg file
Ctrl+Z undoes the previous action
Ctrl+Y redoes the action
Ctrl+C & Ctrl+V copies and pastes, respectively
Ctrl+P to plot
Drawing:

When drawing in AutoCAD, you can type the command, into the command line at
the bottom of the screen, or click on the toolbar icons. Next to each function is the
shortcut, in parentheses) you can type to make drawing more efficient.

POINT (po) – draws a pointat anywhere you specify

 by clicking on the location or

 by typing in the x-coordinate, tab, typing in the y-coordinate.

Line (l) –draws a line from one point to another.

 Same as above.

Polyline (pl) – draws a line/curve with multiple control points.

 If you hit “Esc” while drawing a polyline, the line is terminated from the last
point you clicked or entered.
 If you type “cl” while drawing a polyline, it draws a line segment from your
last clicked point to the starting point (closing the shape that you were
drawing).
 If you type “a” while drawing a polyline, it allows you to draw an arc that
are tangent to the last segment or arc. Notice that the arc only needs two
points (starting and ending) point for the arc.
 If you type “s” while drawing an arc segment, you can draw an arc that is
specified

Rectangle – draws a rectangle with two corners specified.

 Click to designate first corner of the rectangle.

 Click again to designate the opposite corner of the rectangle

Polygon (pol) – draws a polygon by the number of sides

 Enter in the number of sides

 Choose the center of the polygon
 If you choose “inscribed in circle”, it will draw the polygon inside a circle
with your given radius.
  If you choose “circumscribed in circle”, it will draw the polygon with a
circle inside of that polygon with your given radius.

Circle (c)–draws a circle centered at a point

 Click to pick the center of the circle

 Pick the radius length by entering it in or clicking how large the circle
should be.
 If you type “d” after picking the center, you can enter in the diameter rather
than the radius
Object Snap & Tracking:

Settings that allow you to more specifically create your points, lines and polygons.

At the bottom of the screen, under the command line, there are some icons that
allow you to turn on/off these options listed below:

AutoCAD Help:

If you ever need help with a command, type in HELP. A window will pop up and
you can type in the name of the command you need help with: line, circle, arc, etc.
Hatch (h) – adds hatch patterns or fills to
an enclosed area or to selected objects.

 As you scroll over enclosed areas,

AutoCAD will display a preview of
the hatch within that enclosed area,
given your settings.
 After clicking hatch, type “t” to get
the settings, as shown to the right.
 Click the “…” for the Pattern option
allows
you to
choose

predefined hatches (shown below)

You can adjust the angle and scale of the pattern.

 For the boundaries option:

o When hatching a space defined by more than one object that causes
overlapping zones, select “Add Pick points.”
o When hatching a complete object, like a circle, rectangle, or polygon,
select “Add select object.”
 Once the selections are set, you can click preview in the button on the left.
Then Click Ok.

Divide (div) –divides a selected object into certain length or perimeter segment.
You can draw from the node or you can place objects along the nodes (place trees
20 feet from each other on a sidewalk down a street).

 Select the object to divide

 Enter the number of segments
Modify:

Erase (e): erases the selected objects. You can get the same effect by selecting
objects and hitting Delete.

Copy (cp): copies the selected objects from one place to another

 Select the object(s)

 Click or enter in the coordinates for your base point.
 Choose the second point, which will be where you want the copied object to
go

Move (m): moves your selected objects from one place to another

 Select the object(s)

 Choose your base point.
 Choose the point to move it to.

Mirror (mi): mirrors objects along the line that you define.

 Select your object(s). Hit enter when all of them are selected
 Pick your first point, and then pick the end point of the mirror line. (Notice
the mirrored object shows up as a preview while you draw the line.
 It will prompt you to erase the original object. Type “y” for yes or “n” for
no.

Offset (o): offsets objects to the distance of your choice

 It will prompt you for a distance to offset first. Enter in that number or click
two points on the screen giving the distance that you want.
 Pick the object that you want to offset and then choose the side you want to
offset it.
 If you’re offsetting the object(s) multiple times at the same distance, you can
click on the new object that was offset and click on the side you want to
continue offsetting it to.

Scale (sc): scales objects by a given ratio

  Select the objects
 Click or enter in the base point
 Click or enter in the scale numerically

Explode (x): break selected complex objects such as blocks and polylines down to
lines and arcs.

 Select the blocks or polylines you want to explode.

 Hit “esc” to finish. Select objects to ensure they were successfully broken
down. You should multiple end points for lines and arcs if successful.

Trim (tr): trim objects using specified objects

 Using the following image as an example, select the object you want to use
as the “trimmer.” For example, in this case, if you want to cut the circle and
make it into an arc, you select the line first. And hit enter.
 Then choose the side you want to trim of the object you will be trimming. So
for the example, if I want the arc to be the larger side of the circle, I would
select the right side of the line, deleting the smaller side of the circle. Notice
that it will trim the object immediately.

Extend (ex): extend objects to reach specified objects

 Using the images below, select the object that you want to “extend to.” In
this case, if you wanted to extend the line to the north end of the circle, you
would select the circle first. Then hit enter.
 Then choose the object you want to extend, which in this case would be the
line itself. The line will extend immediately.
Break (br): makes cuts through continuous lines.

 Select the object by choosing where you want the break to start and then
click where you want the break to end.
 Keep in mind that if you’re breaking a non-close shape, the break occurs
between the two points (i.e. a line). If it’s a closed shape, the portion that
will be kept is going to be the portion between the points moving
counterclockwise as shown below.

Fillet (fillet): connects two objects with an arc that is tangent to the objects and has
a specified radius.

 Select or type in fillet

 Type “r” for radius and enter in your radius (i.e. 0.5)
 Select the first object and then select the second object
 You can fillet: rectangles, tangential lines, arcs, etc.
 If the radius is 0, or you didn’t enter in a number for the radius prior, fillet
will just connect the two lines together (extends the lines so they join
together).
Layers

In AutoCAD, layers are used to help give structure to your drawing. They are
stacks of transparent overlays (or planes) located on the same coordinate system. It
allows you to organize your drawings in a clearer manner.

Layer Manager Freeze the layer of selected objects

Turn off layer of a selected object

Lock/Unlock layer of a selected object
Turn visibility on and off

Each layer can be represented with different data, color. The default layer is “0”
which cannot be deleted.

Layer Properties include:

 Name – Unique name for each layer (Be Descriptive)
 Color – Color of the layer
 Linetype – Continuous line, dashed line, dotted line, etc.
 Lineweight – How thick or thin the line is
 On [Visibility] – Makes the layer visible or not visible (If light bulb is
yellow, it’s on. If it’s dark, it’s off)
 Freeze – Freezes the layer, doesn’t allow you to see it
 Lock – locks the layer from being selected but it is still visible (although
more transparent then other layers)
 Difference between Visibility vs. Freeze is that frozen layers aren’t included
in regeneration, while layers with visibility off are.
New Layer (Ctrl+N) Delete Layer Set Layer as Current
Layer
Dimensions

Under Annotate, you can choose dimensions and leaders to makes notes on your
drawings. Dimensions are simply the dimensions of the object (be it length, radius,
etc.). Leaders are ways to make annotations in a drawing for a variety of reasons
(manufacturing notes, detail bubbles, etc.).
Blocks

Block: group of objects joined together as one entity.

 Type “b” for block. A block definition window will pop up, as shown below.

 Enter in a name (be descriptive)

 Click on “Select Objects”
 Make sure Convert to block is checked
 Select Pick point to choose a basepoint
 Click OK. You can now import the block as one entity.
View

Zoom (z) – Three ways to zoom in and out

 The middle wheel on the mouse allows you to zoom in and out (towards the
computer monitor to zoom in, away to zoom out).
 Type “z” in the command line and choose from options.
o All - use if you get lost
o Extents – zooms to the point where you can see all the objects drawn
o Window – allows you to select a window to zoom into that you
specify
o Previous – takes you to the last view you saw

V
iew/Extents

Pan (p) – allows you to slide the drawing screen without changing the size. You
can also pan by clicking on the wheel of the mouse and holding it down while you
slide the mouse.
Regen (re) – regenerates the display, smoothing it out after zooming in or out and
updates the screen, essentially a refresh button.
Plot (or Print)

To plot or print your drawing, the first thing you will want to do is switch Paper
Space by clicking the Layout tab at the bottom of the screen. You will notice that
the background should go from black to white.

 The dotted line, shown on the next page, represents the area that will be
printed. Anything on the outside of that box will not show up on your paper.
 The inside box is your viewport. This shows you what will be printed out
from your workspace, which you can adjust by zooming in and out or
panning. To do so, make sure you double click on that box. If this is done
correctly, you’ll notice that the paper doesn’t zoom in and out but everything
inside the viewport will.
 Adjust the viewport window to eliminate as much white space as you can.
Also, you will usually print out a drawing with a title block which you will
need to insert into your layout before printing and which will take up some
space on the paper.
 VIEWPORT

 Hit Ctrl+P
 A Plot window will pop
up, as shown to the right.
 Under Printer/Plotter,
Choose the name of the
printer you will be
printing to. If you are in
the computer lab in More
Hall, choose

“CIVIL_ENGINEERING_1_SIDED”
 If you are printing to an 8.5” by 11”, under paper size, choose Letter.
  If you are printing to an 11” by 17”, under paper size, choose Tabloid.
 Choose “Extents” for the What to plot option
 Check Fit to Paper
 Click OK.

Some short cuts