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SQL - Overview

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SQL - Overview

Uploaded by

Ayushaman Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL - Overview
What is SQL?
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a language to operate databases; it includes Database Creation,
Database Deletion, Fetching Data Rows, Modifying & Deleting Data rows, etc.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language which is a computer language for storing, manipulating and
retrieving data stored in a relational database. SQL was developed in the 1970s by IBM Computer
Scientists and became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986, and the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987.

Though SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard language, but there
are many different dialects of the SQL language like MS SQL Server is using T-SQL and Oracle
is using PL/SQL.

SQL is the standard language to communicate with Relational Database Systems. All the Relational
Database Management Systems (RDMS) like MySQL, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Postgres
and SQL Server use SQL as their Standard Database Language.

Why SQL?
SQL is widely popular because it offers the following advantages −

Allows users to access data in the relational database management systems.

Allows users to describe the data.

Allows users to define the data in a database and manipulate that data.

Allows to embed within other languages using SQL modules, libraries & pre-compilers.
Allows users to create and drop databases and tables.

Allows users to create view, stored procedure, functions in a database.


Allows users to set permissions on tables, procedures and views.

Learn SQL in-depth with real-world projects through our SQL certification course. Enroll and become a
certified expert to boost your career.

A Brief History of SQL


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1970 − Dr. Edgar F. "Ted" Codd of IBM is known as the father of relational databases. He
described a relational model for databases.
1974 − Structured Query Language (SQL) appeared.

1978 − IBM worked to develop Codd's ideas and released a product named System/R.

1986 − IBM developed the first prototype of relational database and standardized by ANSI. The
first relational database was released by Relational Software which later came to be known as
Oracle.

1987 − SQL became the part of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

How SQL Works?


When you are executing an SQL command for any RDBMS, the system determines the best way to carry
out your request and SQL engine figures out how to interpret the task.

There are various components included in this process. These components are −

Query Dispatcher

Optimization Engines

Classic Query Engine


SQL Query Engine, etc.

A classic query engine handles all the non-SQL queries, but a SQL query engine won't handle logical
files. Following is a simple diagram showing the SQL Architecture −
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