Exercise 2 Solve each of the following without using a calculator.

Selesaikan setiap yang berikut tanpa menggunakan kalkulator.

PL 2 Demonstrate the understanding of trigonometric functions.

Example 2 24
1 Given cos θ = , where 180°  θ  360°, find the
25
3 value of
If sin θ = 5 , where 90°  θ 180°, find the value of 24
3 Diberi kos θ = , dengan keadaan 180°  θ  360°, cari
Jika sin θ = , dengan keadaan 90°  θ  180°, cari nilai 25
5 nilai
(a) tan θ, (b) sec θ/sek θ. (a) sin θ, (b) cot θ/ kot θ.
Solution y
y

24 x
5 O θ
3
θ 25
x
−4 O −7

By using Pythagoras’s theorem 7

Dengan menggunakan teorem Pythagoras (a) sin θ = –
25
3 3
(a) tan θ = –4 = − 4
7
4 (b) tan θ = –
(b) cos θ/kos θ = − 5 24
1
1 4 cot θ =
sec θ/sek θ = =−
5 7
4 – 24
–
5
24
=–
7

5 5
Given tan x =
12 and x is not in the first quadrant, Given tan x = − 7 , where 90°  x  270°, find the
2 3
find the value of value of
5 5
Diberi tan x = dan x tidak berada dalam sukuan pertama, Diberi tan x = – , dengan keadaan 90°  x  270°, cari nilai
12 7
cari nilai (a) cosec x/ kosek x, (b) sec x/sek x.
(a) sin x, (b) cosec x/kosek x. y
y
5
74
5
−12 x
x x
x O −7 O
13

−5 5
(a) sin x =
74
1
–5 cosec x =
(a) sin x = 13 5
74
5
= − 13 74
=
5
1
(b) cosec x = –7 7
5 (b) cos x = =–
– 13 74 74
1
13 sec x =
=− 7
5 –
74
74
=–
7

115

F5 Mod A+ ADDM 6(113-137).indd 115 5/1/2021 3:48:59 PM

 Smart Tip
The formulae of the complementary angles/ Rumus sudut pelengkap:
• sin θ = cos (90° − θ)/ kos θ (90° − θ)
)/kos
• cos θ/ kos θ = sin (90° − θ)
/kos
• tan θ = cot (90° − θ)/ kot (90° − θ)
• cot θ/ kot θ = tan (90° − θ)
• sec θ = cosec (90° − θ)/ sek θ = kosek(90° − θ)
)/sek
• cosec θ = sec (90° − θ)/ kosek θ = sek(90° − θ)

Exercise 3 Given sin 50° = 0.766 and cos 50° = 0.6428, find the value of
Diberi sin 50° = 0.766 dan kos 50° = 0.6428, cari nilai
PL 2 Demonstrate the understanding of trigonometric functions.

Example 3
1 sin 40° 2 tan 40°
cos 40°/ kos 40°
sin 40° = cos (90° − 40°) tan 40° = cot (90° − 40°)
Solution = cos 50° = cot 50°
cos 40°/ kos 40° = 0.6428 cos 50°
= sin(90° − 40°) = sin 50°
= sin 50° 0.6428
= 0.766 = 0.766
= 0.8392

3 sec 40°/ sek 40° 4 cosec 40°/ kosek 40° 5 cot 40°/ kot 40°

sec 40° = cosec (90° − 40°) cosec 40˚ = sec (90˚ − 40˚) cot 40° = tan (90° − 40°)
= cosec 50° = sec 50˚ = tan 50°
1 1 sin 50°
= sin 50° = cos 50° = cos 50°
1 1 0.766
= 0.766 = 0.6428 = 0.6428
= 1.305 = 1.556 = 1.192

Smart Tip
The values of the trigonometric ratios of the special angles 30°, 45° and 60° are:
Nilai nisbah trigonometri bagi sudut-sudut khas 30°, 45° dan 60° ialah:

30° Ratio
2 2 Nisbah cos θ cosec θ sec θ cot θ
sin θ tan θ
3 Angle kos θ kosek θ sek θ kot θ
Sudut
60° 1 2
1 3
1 1 30° 2 3
2 2 3 3
1 1
45° 45° 1 2 2 1
2 2
2 3 1 2 1
1 60° 2
2 2 3 3 3
45°
1

116

F5 Mod A+ ADDM 6(113-137).indd 116 5/1/2021 3:48:59 PM

 Exercise 4 Find the value of each of the following by using the values of the trigonometric ratios of the
special angles.
Cari nilai bagi setiap yang berikut dengan menggunakan nilai nisbah trigonometri bagi sudut-sudut khas.
PL 2 Demonstrate the understanding of trigonometric functions.

Example 4 1 cos 150°/ kos 150° 2 tan 225°

sin 210° cos 150° tan 225°

Solution = − cos (180° – 150°) = tan (225° – 180°)
sin 210° = − cos 30° = tan 45°
= −sin(210° − 180°) 3 =1
=−
= − sin 30° 2
1
=−2

3 cosec 135°/ kosek 135° 4 cot 45°/ kot 45° 4

5 sin 3 p
cosec 135° cot 45° = 1
= cosec (180° – 135°) 4
sin 3 p
= cosec 45° = sin 240°
= 2 = – sin (240° – 180°)
= – sin 60°
3
=−
2

6
4 4
cos 3 p/ kos 3 p 7 ( 5
) ( ) 5
sec − 4 p / sek − 4 p
8 cosec (−300°)/ kosek (−300°)

cosec (−300°)
4
cos p
3 ( 5
sec − 4 p) = cosec (–360 – (–300°))
= cosec (–60°)
= cos 240° = sec (–225°) = – cosec (60°)
= – cos (240° – 180°) = sec (–225° – (–180°)) 2
= – cos 60° = sec (–45°) =−
1 3
=− = – sec (45°)
2
=– 2

1 y = sin x

117

F5 Mod A+ ADDM 6(113-137).indd 117 5/1/2021 3:49:00 PM