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Technical English Engineering Physics Engineering Chemistry
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

BE- Computer Science and Engineering

Anna University Regulation: 2021

CS3351- DPCO

II Year/III Semester

Question Bank

Prepared By,

Dr. K. M. Alaaudeen, HOD/CSE

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4931_Grace College of Engineering,Thoothukudi

GRACE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

B.E- COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
CS3351- DIGITAL PRINCIPLES AND COMPUTER ORGANIZATION
UNIT 5

1. What is meant by address mapping? (Nov/Dec 2016)

The correspondence between the main memory blocks and those in the cache is specified by
address mapping. There are three commonly used methods to translate main memory addresses to cache
memory addresses. They are:
 Direct mapping
 Associative mapping
 Set-associative mapping
2. What is cache memory? (Nov/Dec 2016)
A Cache memory is a small and very fast temporary storage memory. It is designed to speed up
the transfer of data and instructions. It is faster than RAM and the data/instructions that are most recently
or most frequently used by CPU are stored in cache.
3. Define memory hierarchy. (May/June 2016)(April/May 2015)
In computer architecture, the memory hierarchy separates computer storage into a hierarchy based
on response time. Since response time, complexity, and capacity are related, the levels may also be
distinguished by their performance and controlling technologies.

4. State the advantages of virtual memory. (May/June 2016)

 Virtual memory allows processes whose aggregate memory requirement is greater than the
amount of physical memory, as infrequently used pages can reside on the disk
 Virtual memory allows speed gain when only a particular segment of the program is required for
the execution of the program
 It is very helpful in implementing multiprogramming environment.

5. What are the various memory technologies? (Nov/Dec 2015)

 SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)
 DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)
 ROM (Read Only Memory)
 Flash Memory
 Magnetic Disk

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4931_Grace College of Engineering,Thoothukudi

6. Point out how DMA can improve I/O speed. (April/May 2015)
DMA allow the peripherals to directly communicate with each other using the memory buses,
removing the intervention of the CPU. During DMA the CPU is idle and it has no control over the memory
buses. So, the DMA controller takes control over the buses to manage the transfer directly between the
I/O devices and the memory unit for improving the speed.

7. Define memory interleaving.(April/May 2017)

Memory interleaving is the technique used to increase the throughput. The memory system is split
into independent banks, which can answer read or write requests independents in parallel. There are two-
address format for memory interleaving the address space. They are:
 Low order interleaving
 High order interleaving
8. Summarize the sequence of events involved in handling an interrupt request from a single
device.(April/May 2017)
 The device raises an interrupt request.
 The processor interrupts the program currently being executed.
 Interrupts are disabled by changing the control bits in the Processor Status Register.
 The device is informed that its request has been recognized, and in response, it deactivates the
interrupt-request signal.
 The action requested by the interrupt is performed by the interrupt-service routine.
 Interrupts are enabled and execution of the interrupted program is resumed.

10. What is the purpose of dirty/modified bit in cache memory? (Nov/Dec 2014)
A dirty bit or modified bit is a bit that is associated with a block of computer memory and indicates
whether or not the corresponding block of memory has been modified. Dirty bits are used by the CPU
cache and in the page replacement algorithms of an operating system.

11. What is virtual memory? (Nov/Dec 2017)

Virtual memory is a memory management technique that is implemented using both hardware and
software and it uses main memory as a cache for secondary storage. Techniques that automatically move
program and data blocks into the physical main memory when they are required for execution are called
virtual memory techniques.

12. How many total bits are required for a direct mapped cache with 16KB of data and 4-word
blocks, assuming a 32bit address? (Nov/Dec 2017)
No. of cache lines= data memory size of cache /data size of 1 cache line
= 16KB/4B = 16x1024/4 = 4096 = 212 lines
No. of bits needed to represent cache line = log2 (212) = 12
bits No. of bits needed to represent a word in a line = log 24 =
2 bits No. of bits needed for tag = 32-12-2 = 18 bits
Size of tag memory = No. of tag bits * No. of lines = 18 * 2 12 bits = 72K
bits Size of data memory = 16 KB = 16 x 8 = 128K bits
Total memory needed for cache = 128 K bits + 72K bits = 200Kbits

13. Define hit ratio. (Nov/Dec 2015)

The hit ratio is the fraction of accesses which are a hit. The miss ratio is the fraction of accesses
which are a miss. It holds that miss rate = 1 − hit rate. The (hit/miss) latency (also known as access time)
is the time it takes to fetch the data in case of a hit/miss.

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4931_Grace College of Engineering,Thoothukudi

14. Define hit rate and miss rate.

The fraction of memory accesses found in a level of the memory hierarchy is called hit rate. The
fraction of memory accesses not found in a level of the memory hierarchy is called miss rate.
15. What is TLB?
Translation Look-aside Buffer (TLB) is a cache that keeps track of recently used address
mapping which tries to avoid an access to the page table.
16. What are the methods used to improving cache performance?
There are two different techniques available for improving cache performance:
 Reducing the miss penalty by adding an additional level to the hierarchy.
 Reducing the miss rate by reducing the probability that two different memory blocks will
content for the same cache location.

17. Define interrupts.

Interrupt is a process that causes a CPU to temporarily transfer control from its current program
to another program. It improves the computer’s IO performance.

18. What are the two I/O interfacing techniques?

The two I/O interfacing techniques are
 Memory mapped I/O
 I/O mapped I/O

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4931_Grace College of Engineering,Thoothukudi

PART: B
1. What is cache memory? Discuss Mapping and Replacement Algorithms in detail. (Nov/Dec
2017)(May/June 2016)(Nov/Dec 2014)(April/May 2017)
2. Discuss DMA controller with block diagram. (Nov/Dec 2016)(May/June 2016)(Nov/Dec
2015)(Nov/Dec 2014)(April/May 2017)
3. Discuss the steps involved in the address translation of virtual memory with necessary block diagram.
(Nov/Dec 2016)(Nov/Dec 2015)(April/May 2015)(April/May 2017)
4. Explain in detail about virtual memory.
5. Write in detail about the Interconnection Standards.

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Programming in C Computer Networks Operating Systems
Programming and Data Programming and Data Problem Solving and Python
Structures I Structure II Programming
Database Management Systems Computer Architecture Analog and Digital
Communication
Design and Analysis of Microprocessors and Object Oriented Analysis
Algorithms Microcontrollers and Design
Software Engineering Discrete Mathematics Internet Programming
Theory of Computation Computer Graphics Distributed Systems
Mobile Computing Compiler Design Digital Signal Processing
Artificial Intelligence Software Testing Grid and Cloud Computing
Data Ware Housing and Data Cryptography and Resource Management
Mining Network Security Techniques
Service Oriented Architecture Embedded and Real Time Multi - Core Architectures
Systems and Programming
Probability and Queueing Theory Physics for Information Transforms and Partial
Science Differential Equations
Technical English Engineering Physics Engineering Chemistry
Engineering Graphics Total Quality Professional Ethics in
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Basic Electrical and Electronics Problem Solving and Environmental Science and
and Measurement Engineering Python Programming Engineering
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Environmental Sciences
Professional English and Sustainability -
Professional English - - II - HS3252 Discrete Mathematics GE3451
I - HS3152 - MA3354
Statistics and Theory of Computation
Matrices and Calculus Numerical Methods - Digital Principles and - CS3452
3rd Semester

4th Semester
- MA3151 MA3251 Computer Organization
1st Semester

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- CS3351 Artificial Intelligence

Engineering Graphics and Machine Learning
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- GE3251 Foundation of Data
PH3151
Science - CS3352
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Physics for
Engineering Chemistry System - CS3492
Information Science Data Structure -
- CY3151 - PH3256 CS3301

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Algorithms - CS3401
Problem Solving and Electronics Engineering Object Oriented
Python Programming - - BE3251 Programming - CS3391 Introduction to
GE3151 Operating Systems -
Programming in C -
CS3451
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Computer Networks - Object Oriented

CS3591 Software Engineering
- CCS356
Compiler Design - Human Values and
5th Semester

CS3501 Embedded Systems Ethics - GE3791

7th Semester

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and IoT - CS3691

Cryptography and Open Elective 2
Cyber Security - Open Elective-1 Project Work /
CB3491
Open Elective 3 Intership
Distributed Computing Elective-3
- CS3551 Open Elective 4
Elective-4
Elective 1
Management Elective
Elective-5
Elective 2
Elective-6
 All Computer Engg Subjects - [ B.E., M.E., ] (Click on Subjects to
enter)
Programming in C Computer Networks Operating Systems
Programming and Data Programming and Data Problem Solving and Python
Structures I Structure II Programming
Database Management Systems Computer Architecture Analog and Digital
Communication
Design and Analysis of Microprocessors and Object Oriented Analysis
Algorithms Microcontrollers and Design
Software Engineering Discrete Mathematics Internet Programming
Theory of Computation Computer Graphics Distributed Systems
Mobile Computing Compiler Design Digital Signal Processing
Artificial Intelligence Software Testing Grid and Cloud Computing
Data Ware Housing and Data Cryptography and Resource Management
Mining Network Security Techniques
Service Oriented Architecture Embedded and Real Time Multi - Core Architectures
Systems and Programming
Probability and Queueing Theory Physics for Information Transforms and Partial
Science Differential Equations
Technical English Engineering Physics Engineering Chemistry
Engineering Graphics Total Quality Professional Ethics in
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Basic Electrical and Electronics Problem Solving and Environmental Science and
and Measurement Engineering Python Programming Engineering
 Click on Subject/Paper under Semester to enter.
Environmental Sciences
Professional English and Sustainability -
Professional English - - II - HS3252 Discrete Mathematics - GE3451
I - HS3152 MA3354
Statistics and Theory of Computation
Matrices and Calculus Numerical Methods - Digital Principles and - CS3452
3rd Semester

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- MA3151 MA3251 Computer Organization
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- CS3351 Artificial Intelligence

Engineering Graphics and Machine Learning
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Science - CS3352
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Engineering Chemistry System - CS3492
Information Science Data Structures and
- CY3151 - PH3256 Algorithms - CD3291
Web Essentials -
Basic Electrical and IT3401
Problem Solving and Electronics Engineering - Object Oriented
Python Programming - BE3251 Programming - CS3391 Introduction to
GE3151 Operating Systems -
Programming in C -
CS3451
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Computer Networks -
CS3591
Object Oriented
Full Stack Web Software Engineering - Human Values and
5th Semester

Development - IT3501 CCS356 Ethics - GE3791

7th Semester

8th Semester
6th Semester

Distributed Computing Open Elective-1 Open Elective 2

- CS3551 Project Work /
Elective-3 Open Elective 3 Intership
Embedded Systems and
IoT - CS3691 Elective-4
Open Elective 4

Elective 1 Elective-5
Management Elective

Elective-6
Elective 2
 All Computer Engg Subjects - [ B.E., M.E., ] (Click on Subjects to enter)
Programming in C Computer Networks Operating Systems
Programming and Data Programming and Data Problem Solving and Python
Structures I Structure II Programming
Database Management Systems Computer Architecture Analog and Digital
Communication
Design and Analysis of Microprocessors and Object Oriented Analysis
Algorithms Microcontrollers and Design
Software Engineering Discrete Mathematics Internet Programming
Theory of Computation Computer Graphics Distributed Systems
Mobile Computing Compiler Design Digital Signal Processing
Artificial Intelligence Software Testing Grid and Cloud Computing
Data Ware Housing and Data Cryptography and Resource Management
Mining Network Security Techniques
Service Oriented Architecture Embedded and Real Time Multi - Core Architectures
Systems and Programming
Probability and Queueing Theory Physics for Information Transforms and Partial
Science Differential Equations
Technical English Engineering Physics Engineering Chemistry
Engineering Graphics Total Quality Professional Ethics in
Management Engineering
Basic Electrical and Electronics Problem Solving and Environmental Science and
and Measurement Engineering Python Programming Engineering