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Activity 5 and 6 - Periodic Motion

Periodic Motion

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22 views2 pages

Activity 5 and 6 - Periodic Motion

Periodic Motion

Uploaded by

amperrudula0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
District of Alicia
ALICIA TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
GENERAL PHYSICS 1
Q2 - Activity 5
TOPIC: PERIODIC MOTION

Concept Notes:
Periodic motion refers to any motion that repeats itself at regular intervals of time. Common examples include a
swinging pendulum, a mass on a spring, and the vibration of molecules. Periodic motions are characterized by
specific parameters:
1. Period (T): The time it takes for one complete cycle of the motion. It is measured in seconds (s).
2. Frequency (f): The number of cycles that occur in one second. It is measured in Hertz (Hz). Frequency and
period are inversely related:
f= 1/T
3. Amplitude (A): The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
4. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): A special type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly
proportional to the displacement and acts in the opposite direction. Examples include a mass on a spring or
a simple pendulum for small angles.
Sample Problem
A mass of 2 kg is attached to a spring with a spring constant of 50 N/m. It is pulled 0.1 meters from the equilibrium
position and released. Find the period of oscillation.
Solution:
For a mass-spring system undergoing simple harmonic motion, the period T is given by:

T = 2π
√ m
k
where:
 m is the mass (2 kg),
 k is the spring constant (50 N/m).
Using the given formula, the period of oscillation is approximately 1.26 seconds.
TRY THIS!
A simple pendulum has a length of 0.5 meters. Calculate the period of the pendulum's swing. Use g=9.8 m/s 2.
You can try solving this problem using the formula for the period of a simple pendulum:
where:
 L is the length of the pendulum,
 g is the acceleration due to gravity.
GENERAL PHYSICS 1
Q2 - Activity 6
TOPIC: HARMONIC MOTION

Concept Notes:
Harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion where an object moves back and forth around an equilibrium
position under a restoring force proportional to the displacement. If the restoring force is directly proportional to
the negative displacement, the motion is called Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM). SHM occurs in systems where
Hooke’s Law applies, such as springs and pendulums.
Key concepts in harmonic motion:
1. Restoring Force (F): The force that tries to bring the object back to its equilibrium position. For a spring, F=−kx
where:
o k is the spring constant (N/m),
o x is the displacement from equilibrium (m).
2. Simple Harmonic Oscillator: A system that undergoes SHM, such as a mass on a spring or a pendulum.
3. Angular Frequency (ω): The rate at which the object oscillates, measured in radians per second. It is related to
the frequency f by ω=2πf and for a mass-spring system, it’s given by:

where m is the mass (kg).


4. Equations of Motion: SHM can be described by:
where:
 x(t) is the position at time t,
 A is the amplitude (maximum displacement),
 ω is the angular frequency,
 ϕ is the phase constant (depends on initial conditions).
Sample Problem
A block of mass 0.5 kg is attached to a spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m. The block is displaced by 0.1 m
from its equilibrium position and released. Find the angular frequency and the maximum speed of the block during
the motion.
Answer: Angular frequency is equal to 20 rad/s and the maximum speed is 2m/s.
TRY THIS!

A block of mass 0.4 kg is attached to a horizontal spring with a spring constant of 100 N/m. The block is pulled
0.05 meters from its equilibrium position and released. Find the following:
1. The angular frequency of the system.
2. The maximum speed of the block during the motion.

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