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COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN

CSS I
WHY WOULD EMPLOYERS WANT TECHNICIANS TO
BE ABLE TO DESIGN COMPUTERS?
• They know a lot about computer parts and how those parts interact with one
another
• Designing something is right up there with troubleshooting something well.
• It involves knowing what you are talking about
COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN

• Computer users need different types of computer systems. What the user does
with the computer dictates the components and peripherals needed. Looking
at the computer systems by purpose is a good place to start with design.
CAD/CAM AND GRAPHICS DESIGN
WORKSTATIONS
• Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
systems are used in manufacturing plants by engineers or design engineers to
create things
CAD REQUIREMENTS
* Powerful multi-core processor(s)
• Maximum system RAM
• High-end video card(s) with maximum video RAM and graphics processing unit
(GPU) Large display or dual displays Large-capacity hard drive(s) and an
• SSD Possible peripherals include digital tablets, scanners, plotters, and 3D
printers.
* Quality mouse or input device
GAMING PCS
• Gaming computers are a set of their own. Gamers frequently build their own
systems, but some computer manufacturers do make gaming PCs.

A gaming PC tends to have the following key components:

• Powerful multi-core processor(s)


• High-end video cards (with maximum video RAM and
specialized GPU)
• High-definition sound card and speakers
• High-end system cooling Large amount of RAM Large
display or dual displays (see Image 3)
• Quality mouse Possible gaming console Headphones with
microphone Possible 3D glasses (if supported by the video
card and monitor).
GAMING PC
AUDIO/VIDEO
EDITING
WORKSTATIONS
An audio/video editing is used to manipulate
sounds (shorten, add, overlay, and so on) or
video.
This type of system requires a lot of hard drive
space and RAM.
Here are the most common configuration
elements for such a computer:

• Specialized video card with maximum video


RAM and GPU

• Specialized audio (sound) card and speakers •


Very fast and large-capacity hard drive
• Dual monitors Powerful multi-core processor(s)
• Large amount of system RAM Quality mouse
Possible digital tablet or scanner
VIRTUALIZATION
WORKSTATIONS
A virtualization workstation can mean two
things: (1) a workstation that has at least one
operating system, in its own virtual machine
that is separate from the host operating
system

(2) a workstation that uses hardware and


software virtualization techniques to provide
an end user with a controlled workstation
environment.
THIN CLIENT WORKSTATIONS

• A thin client workstation is a desktop or laptop that has a display, mouse,


keyboard, and network connectivity and runs applications from a server.
• Thin client computers are less expensive than a normal workstation (but the
network infrastructure such as servers, software, storage area network [SAN],
and so on to support thin clients costs money). Storage tends to be cloud-
based or on remote storage media.
HOME SERVERS

• A home server computer is used to store data, function as a web server, print
server, or file server, control media streaming, be accessible from outside the
home, control devices, and manage backups of other computers.
TYPICAL COMPONENTS FOUND IN A HOME SERVER
INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
• Multiple hard drives in a RAID array configuration
• 1Gb/s (1000Mb/s) NIC Medium to large case
• Multiple processors or multiple cores in the processor
• Lots of RAM
• Server applications including media streaming, file sharing, and print sharing
• Possible NAS • Possible KVM switch
INDUSTRIAL COMPUTERS

• An industrial computer is one used for a specific industry. For example, in a


car repair shop, the standard computers used both inside the showroom and in
the service and repair center might be in an or have keyboard coverings.
• A kiosk in a mall or school might contain or be controlled by a computer.
HERE ARE SOME THINGS TO CONSIDER FOR AN
INDUSTRIAL COMPUTER:
• Meets recommended hardware requirements based on applications installed
• Optional enclosure for wet, dry, or outdoor environments
• Optional enclosure for a laptop’s external keyboard and mouse for unsecure
or outdoor environments
• Optional LCD enclosure for harsh, outdoor, public, high-traffic, or industrial
environments
• Optional privacy display screen
• Case with air filters that may be removable for cleaning.
MOBILE COMPUTERS

• A mobile computer for someone who travels as part of his job also needs
special design considerations.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR AN “ON-THE-ROAD”
COMPUTER DESIGN INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
• • Laptop, Ultrabook, or tablet Sufficient RAM Might need mobile broadband
connectivity
• • Possible SSD (if shaking or dropping due to handling is a concern or if high
speed is needed)
• • Compatible smartphone
• • Possible projector Possible thermal printer for sales-oriented tasks
• • Possible portable speakers and headphones with noise cancellation
MOTHERBOARD AND ASSOCIATED COMPONENT
DESIGN
• The motherboard, chipset, and CPU are all directly related to one another
and should be designed in conjunction with one another.
• Some technicians choose a motherboard based on a specific chipset.
• Choosing a processor involves selecting Intel or AMD, determining how many
processor cores you want, and selecting a specific model.
WHEN DEALING WITH THE MOTHERBOARD,
CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING:
• Motherboard form factor • Chipset
• Whether the CPU is included or needs to be purchased separately
• CPU size
• Motherboard socket size
• Nanotechnology used with the processor and/or chipset (14nm, 22nm, 32nm, 45nm, and so
on)
• CPU cooling
• RAM
• Number and type of input/output (I/O) ports
• Traditional BIOS or UEFI (replacement for traditional BIOS)
POWER SUPPLY AND CASE DESIGN

• When selecting a power supply, it is all about the size (form factor), total
wattage for specific voltage levels, number of connectors, and power
efficiency.
• One issue you must consider is how many connectors connect to the same
cable.

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