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Problems 2

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47 views3 pages

Problems 2

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rz12138
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Problem Set 2 ME250

2.1 The temperature of a system rises by 15°C during a process. Express this temperature rise in K.

2.2 What is the driving force for: a) electric current flow, b) fluid flow, c) heat transfer?

2.3 A tiny steel cube is suspended in water by a tiny string. If the lengths of the sides of the cube are
very small, how would the magnitudes of the pressures on the top, bottom, and side surfaces compare?

2.4 Can there be any heat-transfer between two bodies that are at the same temperature but at
different pressures?

2.5 Differentiate between: i) intensive vs extensive properties, and ii) measurable vs calculated
(inferred) properties. Then, place the indicated properties in the correct locations in the table below.

Properties:
Measured Calculated
T , P , v , V ,u , U , s , S

Extensive

Intensive

2.6 A 2 kg steel cylinder contains 4 L of water at 25 oC and 200 kPa. Using properties from Table A-19,
determine the total mass and volume of this two-component system. List two extensive and three
intensive properties of the water.

2.7 A pressurized fluid is held in a cylinder by a piston. The face of the piston has area = 11 cm 2. The fluid
pressure is 735 kPa and the local ambient pressure is 99 kPa. What compressive force (kN) must be
provided by the rod to maintain the position of the piston? (Assume that the atmospheric air pushes
against outer face of the piston on area similar to the inside face.) Also, what is the gage pressure of the
fluid in the gage?
piston piston

rod ܲ ܲ௔ ௧௠
ܲ ‫ ܨ‬௥௢ௗ

cylinder
Problem Set 2 ME250

2.8 A manometer contains liquid with density = 925 kg/m 3. The liquid column shows 3 cm of vacuum
when one end is attached to a pipe and the other end is open to the atmosphere (101 kPa). What is the
absolute pressure (Pa) of fluid in the pipe?

2.9 The pressure gauge on an air tank reads 75 kPa when a diver is 10 m underwater. At what depth will
the gauge read 0 kPa? What does this mean?

2.10 A circular cylinder has a 125 mm diameter piston. The cylinder ܲ௔ ௧௠


contains 7 L of hydraulic fluid with density = 880 kg/m 3. The
ambient pressure is 1 bar. Find the mass of the piston such that the ݃
piston
hydraulic fluid pressure will be 1500 kPa at the face of the piston.
Also, estimate the pressure of the hydraulic fluid (kPa) at the
bottom of the cylinder.
fluid
cylinder

2.11 Consider a CM of a “simple compressible substance” (SCS). What two types of energy transfer to
its surrounding will decrease its internal energy?

2.12 Check your understanding of the meaning of all terms listed in the Supplemental Notes ‘B’ in the
course notes set “Module 2B”.

2.13 Consider the expansion of a 5 kg of ideal gas in a piston-cylinder apparatus during a quasi-
equilibrium process. Heat is added to the gas during the process such that the gas temperature remains
constant. The initial state of the gas is 800 kPa and 500K. After expansion, its final volume is three times
its initial volume. Determine the moving boundary work done by the gas on the piston during the
process if the gas is: i) air, ii) carbon dioxide, iii) methane.

Note: For an ideal gas, the specific gas constant, R , can be evaluated by: R=R u / M

where: Ru=8.3145 kJ /kmol ∙ K (universal gas constant)

M =¿ molecular weight of the substance ( kg /kmol )

e.g. For “air”, M =28.94 kg/ kmol (from Table A-1), so R=0.287 kJ /kg ∙ K
Problem Set 2 ME250

2.14 A 5 kg steel sphere is suspended 5 m above the floor. The sphere is initially spinning horizontally at
200 rpm. The sphere then falls to the floor and eventually the stop spinning due to friction. Evaluate the
changes in the rotational kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy stored by the sphere due to
1 2
this process. (Rotational KE = ∙ I ∙ ω .) Use data from the Property Tables Booklet to estimate the
2
properties of steel.

4 3 2 2
Note: For a solid sphere: V= π r I= m r
3 5

2.15 Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an average velocity of 3 m/s and rate of 500 m 3/s at a
location 90 m above the lake surface. Determine the power generation potential of the river at that
location if the flow outlet is to the lake.

2.16 0.5 kg of gas is contained in a piston-cylinder apparatus at initial conditions 0.02 m 3 and 7 bar. The
gas is allowed to expand (in a quasi-equilibrium process) to final volume = 0.05 m 3. Find the work done if
2
P V =constant for the process. Sketch the process path on a P-V chart.

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