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Lab 4

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18 views4 pages

Lab 4

Uploaded by

kakkarh28can
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lab4.

R
Himanshu Kakkar

2023-02-12
#Importing Libraries
library(tidyverse)

## ── Attaching packages ───────────────────────────────────────


tidyverse 1.3.2 ──
## ✔ ggplot2 3.4.0 ✔ purrr 1.0.1
## ✔ tibble 3.1.8 ✔ dplyr 1.0.10
## ✔ tidyr 1.2.1 ✔ stringr 1.5.0
## ✔ readr 2.1.3 ✔ forcats 0.5.2
## ── Conflicts ──────────────────────────────────────────
tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()

library(ISLR2)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)

CarData<- ISLR2::Auto

head(CarData)

## mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year


origin
## 1 18 8 307 130 3504 12.0 70
1
## 2 15 8 350 165 3693 11.5 70
1
## 3 18 8 318 150 3436 11.0 70
1
## 4 16 8 304 150 3433 12.0 70
1
## 5 17 8 302 140 3449 10.5 70
1
## 6 15 8 429 198 4341 10.0 70
1
## name
## 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2 buick skylark 320
## 3 plymouth satellite
## 4 amc rebel sst
## 5 ford torino
## 6 ford galaxie 500

summary(CarData)

## mpg cylinders displacement horsepower


weight
## Min. : 9.00 Min. :3.000 Min. : 68.0 Min. : 46.0
Min. :1613
## 1st Qu.:17.00 1st Qu.:4.000 1st Qu.:105.0 1st Qu.: 75.0
1st Qu.:2225
## Median :22.75 Median :4.000 Median :151.0 Median : 93.5
Median :2804
## Mean :23.45 Mean :5.472 Mean :194.4 Mean :104.5
Mean :2978
## 3rd Qu.:29.00 3rd Qu.:8.000 3rd Qu.:275.8 3rd Qu.:126.0
3rd Qu.:3615
## Max. :46.60 Max. :8.000 Max. :455.0 Max. :230.0
Max. :5140
##

## acceleration year origin


name
## Min. : 8.00 Min. :70.00 Min. :1.000 amc
matador : 5
## 1st Qu.:13.78 1st Qu.:73.00 1st Qu.:1.000 ford
pinto : 5
## Median :15.50 Median :76.00 Median :1.000 toyota
corolla : 5
## Mean :15.54 Mean :75.98 Mean :1.577 amc
gremlin : 4
## 3rd Qu.:17.02 3rd Qu.:79.00 3rd Qu.:2.000 amc
hornet : 4
## Max. :24.80 Max. :82.00 Max. :3.000 chevrolet
chevette: 4
##
(Other) :365

#step 1
linModel <- lm(mpg ~ horsepower + origin, data = CarData)
coef(linModel)

## (Intercept) horsepower origin


## 33.3076652 -0.1332936 2.5774023

#step 2
Prediction <- data.frame(origin = c(1,3,1,3 ), horsepower = c(100, 100
,170 , 170))
predict(linModel, Prediction)
## 1 2 3 4
## 22.55571 27.71051 13.22516 18.37996

#step 3
#It can be seen that, by increasing the horsepower of cars, the
average prediction for mpg decreases.

#step 4
CarData %>% ggplot(aes(x = horsepower, y = mpg)) + geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method="lm")

## `geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

#step 5
#It can be seen from scatter plot that simple linear regression will
not work effectively as the best fit line that is not passes close to
most of the data points.

#step 6
linModel2 <- lm(mpg ~ horsepower + I(horsepower^2), data = CarData)
coef(linModel2)

## (Intercept) horsepower I(horsepower^2)


## 56.900099702 -0.466189630 0.001230536

#step 7
Prediction2 <- data.frame(horsepower = c(80, 100, 120))
predict(linModel2, Prediction2)
## 1 2 3
## 27.48036 22.58650 18.67706

#step 8
#It can be seen that, even by increasing the square of horsepower of
cars, the average prediction decreases.

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