101: ECE Board March 1996 The equation of whose roots are the reciprocal of the roots of 2x* - 3x~-5 = 0 is A 5x%4+3x-2=0 8 GC D. 102: EE Board October 1993 In the equation x* + x = 0, one root is x equal to ae BS C14 : D.* none of these . 103: ECE Board April 1990 Solve for the value of “a” inthe equation a 17a" + 16 =0. A +2 Topics Quadratic Equation Quadratic Formula Properties of Roots Discriminant and Nature of Roots Binomial Theorem Binomial Expansion Properties of Binomial Expansion Pascal's Triangle Degree of Polynomial or Equation Logarithms Properties of Logarithms Modulus of Logarithms B. +3 Cc. +4 D. £5 104: ME Board October 1996 Solve for x that satisfies the equation 6x* =7x-5=0. A ort 3 Sore c. fod 0. 20S 4105: EE Board October 1997 Find the values of x in the equation 24x? + §x-1=0,50. 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2 Edition) by Tiong & Rojas 106: EE Board October 1990 Determine k so that the equation 4x7 + kx +1 =0 will have just one real solution. pom> onsen 107: ME Board April 1996 Solve for x: 10x* + 10x + 1=0 A -0.113, - 0.887 C. -0.113, -0.788 D. -0.311, -0.887 208: If 1/3 and -3/2 are the roots of a quadratic equation, then the equation is A 6¢+7x-3=0 B. 6x-7x+3 19@: Which of the following is a root of ‘quadratic equation, 30x* + 49x + 20 = A 06 B 06 C. -08 0. 0.75 1x01 What is the discriminant of the equation 4x” = 8x5? A 8 B. -16 Cc. 16 Do +8 4111 Given the equation 3x’ + Bx + 12= 0. What is the value of B so that the root of the equation are equal? A 4 BB c. 10 D. -12 11121 Find the term involving y* in.the expansion of (2x” + y) 8064 xe 8046 x* 8046 xy 4680 x° y’ gom> 113: Find the 5” term of the expansion of 10 (#+2) x A. 260% B. 5040 x° C. 210 x* D. 420% 114: ECE Board April 1998 In the expression of (x + 4y )", the numerical coefficient of the 5” term is, A> 63,360 B. 126,720 C. 506,880 D. 253,440 1251 What is the fourth term of the expansion of (x + x*)'°? A. 1650 x"? B. 161700x"° Cc. 167100x'* D. 167100 x'® 116: What is the numerical coefficient of the’ term next to 495x° y*? A. 660 B. 792 Cc. 990 D. 1100Nevember 1990 term of the expansion of 68039 256a" 86339 1288" 33869 ~256a" a 128" Cc DB. ‘£18 What is the coefficient of the term. free of x of the expansion of (2x - 5y)*? £29 Find the 6” term of (3x — 4y)®. A B. c. Binomial Theorem, thm 61 com> e328 1231 CE Board November 1997 Evaluate the loge 645 A 3.76 B. 5.84 Cc. 4.48 D. 2.98 124: ME Board April 1997 What is the value of log to base 10 of 1000°°7 A 10.9 B. 99.9 Cc. 99 D. 98 1251 ECE Board Apri! 1998 ‘What is the value of (log 5 to the base 2) + (Jog 5 to the base 3)? 7.39 3.79 3.97 A. 148,288 > B. ~548 xy? C. 154,288 x5 D. 1,548,268 x* ia ECE Eoard November 1993 What is the eum of the coefficients of the expansion of (2x —1)°°? 0 gop> 1 2 3 121) ECE Board What is the sum of the cooftcents inthe expansion of (x + y—z)°? Find the value of loge 48. 0. 937 1261 Find the value of logs (logs 5). 41.460 0.275 4.273 0.165, goB> 22M Given: logs 7 = n. Find log. . 1281 CE Board November 1992 CE Board May 1994 = 0.25, what is the value of§2_ 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2" Edition) by Tiong & Roj c. 6 D8 1291 ECE Board November 1995 Given: log » y = 2x + log » x. Which of the following is true? 2x G yo% ary D. y=xb™ 1301 ME Board October 1996 Which value is equal to log to the base e of to the -7x power? 1x 10 to the -7x power 7 =7 log to the base 10 mom> ‘131: ME Board April 1996 Log of the n™ root of x equals log of x to fin power and also equal to: a. 19x n B. nilogx ¢, og (xto the 1/n power) 7 D. (n-tlogx 132: ECE Board November 1990 Log (MN) is equal to: Log M-N Log M+N N log M Log M + Log N gom> 133: ME Board April 1997 ‘What expression is equivalent to log ( x ) =log(y +2)? A. log x+logy +logz B. log(x/(y+z)] C. log x= log y—logz D. logy +log(x+z) 1341 ECE Board November 1991 Find b Given: loge 1024 = A. 2560 B. 16 C4 D2 4351 Given: logs (x* - 8x) = 2. Find x, A B. 9 C. =4and9 D. tand-9 1361 ECE Board April 1993, Solve for the value of x in the following equation: x*** = 100x A 12 B 8 Cc. 30 D. 10 1371 EE Board October 1992 Given: log 6 + x log 4 = log 4 + log (32+ 4"), Find x. gop> ODON 138: ECE November 1998 If log of 2 to the base 2 plus log of xto the base 2 is equal to 2, then the value of x is, A 4 B. -2 Cc. 2 o = 139: ME Board October 1997 Find the value of x if logya x = 2. A 144 B. 414 Cc. 524 D. 425Day 3 - Quadratic Equation, Binomial Theo! 140: Solve for the value of x: fog2x? + loge = 6.278 379.65 365.97 397.56 356.79 Sos>Day 3 = Quadratic Equation, Binomial Theorem, Logarithm SS ‘Solving for the second eqution: (x-0.4)(x+1)=0 x? +x-0.4x-0.4=0 (2 +0.6x-0.4=0) 5 8x? +3x-2=0 = 17x+ 16 =0 Using the quadratic formula; A 17+ (17) - 4(1)(16) at 6x? -7x-5=0 Using the quadratic formula; ee 24x? +5x-1=0 Using the quadratic formul: 2(24) yee “48 ton et and aged Note: There is only one solution to the equation (4x? + kx + 1 = 0), if the discriminant (B*- 4AC) is equal to zero. where: A=4;B=k&C=1 B?-4AC =0 10x? + 10x+1=0 Using the quadratic formula: = 10+7.746 20 x Thus, x; = - 0.887 and x25 - 0.113 108. aed$6 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2"* Edition) by Tiong & Rojan Substitute to the general quadratic equation: A? + Bx+C=0 ae +(Ga}e+($a}-0 at et 6 Tax-ta 0/6 [> + ZAK-5A off 6x2 +7x-3=0 30x? + 49x + 20= 0 Using the quadratic formula; ~49+ lage = 4(30)(20) 2(30) Note: The roots of the equation (3x* + Bx +12 = 0) are equal, if the discriminant (B* ~ 4AC) is equal to zero, ) where: A=4;B=-8 & ( =5 Substitute: B* - 4AC =0 B? - 4(3)(12)=0 B= 144 B= 412 Note: The term involving y’ is the 6” term of the expansion (2x* + y)'? OP term = 4C,.4(2"*" (yet where: n= 10; r=6 OM term = 4oC5(27)* y> E10 = Go-sysi(2e”) y* 6” term = 8064 x"y> ee (e “J Ci gaye ay where: n= 10;r=5 2 SPtetm = C402 (J “waa S™ term = 210 x* 8" term (x+4y)? B™term= ,C,., (x)™? "ayy" where: n= 12; r= 5 BS term = gC, (x)*(4y)* 121 * Ga-ayai (x?)(258y') 5" term = 126,720 x*y*Day 3- Quadratic Equation, Binomial Theorem, Logarithm 57 4 term = Cpr OA)" 102)" where: n = 100; r= 4 AM term * soqCy (X)°7(X2)? 2.401 © (100=3)131 4” term = 161,700 x" xx) Coefficient of next term = (Coefficient of PT)(Exponent of x) (Exponent of y) +1 495 (8) 441 = 792 Coefficient of next term = where: n= 16; r=6 - 16! 4 ~ (6=5)i51 (saa are) 6" term = = 4368(-243) 16 ig ey 16. 2048a" “16 66339 6" term = Tea Note: The terra in the expansion (2x — 5y)* which is free of x is the last term oF the 5" term. SM term = Cy. (2x)™* (Sy)! where: n rss 5” term =,C, (2x)°(-5y)* 4! “ea (11625 y*) 5” term = 625 y* (3x-4y)? 6M term = 4C,.4'(3x)™"* ayy" where: n = 8;r=6 0 6" term = gC, (3x)(-4y)> 2 8! 5) * we (27x°)(-1024y°) 6" term = - 1,548,288 x°y* Note: To solve the sum of the coefficients of (2x -1)", substitute one (1) to x, calculate, then subtract a value of (-1)”? from the result plas Pe -cay ‘Sum of coefficients = Note: To solve the sum of the coefficients, of (x + y -z)®, substitute one(1) to all the variables and calculate. ‘Sum of coefficients = (1 + 1-1) log, 48 = 98048 86 logy. 8 log, 845 = 1091 845 _ 3 75 logo 6 Ea logy 1000** = 3.3 1og,1000 =9.9 = 109%05 , 1005 BEER oo, ro, 5= BBS 808 =3.79«100496100, 5) fog, (10) 5) 1094 10995 logy 4 = 0.275 109, ; slog, 110g, 7 Note: Logarithm of 1 to any base is equal to zero. log, 4 = 0-log,7 =n FEA 00, 100.28 fogip 10 logy @ logy9 10 se l0d0a= O75 74 imyazseat log, y —log, x = 2x loioy logy Hogg ¥ ~ lOgya X = 2X logygd \ 109 = logy b™ yer MEE og, 0° = (-7x)l0g, = (-7x)(1) =-7x log #% = logtxy = Htogix) log MN = log M + log N Probleme in Enginesrjog Mathemation (a Haltion) by Tiong & Rojy ae D log, 1024 = 5 logy, 1024 . § logob = 2 fog, 10; logy ‘tig logipb = 1.204 b=16 fog, (x? - 8x) =2 fogyo(x? = 8x) _ 2 logig3 logo (x? - 8X) = 2 109103 = ogy(yy fogyg(X* - 8x) = logy x? -8x=9 x? -8x- (x+1)(x-9) xih* = 100x Take logarithm on both sides: tog x2"®* = log 100x 3(logx)(logx) = 10g 100 + logx 3(logx)? - logx - 2 =0 (Alogx) + 2)(logx- 1) =0 Equating factors to zero: Blogx+2=0 3logx logx = = x = 0.215 (absurd) logx-1=0Jog6 + xlog4 = log + log(32 + 4) Jog6 + log4* = log4 + log(32-+4*) log2x? + loge =6.278 1oa(8)(4*) = 1o9(4)(32 + 4*) log2x? + log6 - logx = 6.278 J2x? - logx = 6.278 - log6 (6)(4*) = (4)(32+4") tog: es og (6)(4*) = (4)(82) + (4)(4*) log = 5.49984 2(4*) = 128 log2x? = 5.49984 4 = 64 2x? = antilog5.4998 . x? = 158056.6425 Take logarithm on both sides: itera, log4* = log64 xlog4 = log64 foge4 *= Tog4 x=3 log, 2+log, x = 2 foie? , 10a _ 9 logig2 logy 2 foghoX _ tes 190% 4 ogy 2 logya X = l0G4 2 x=2 AeLe log. x=2 x=12 x=144141: ECE Board April 1995 ECE Board April 1999 Mary is 24 years old. Mary is twice as old as Ann was when Mary was as old as Ann is now. How old is Ann now? Age Problems Work Problems Mixture Problems Digit Problerns Motion Problems: Coin Problems 143: GE Board February 1994 Robert is 15 years older than his brother Stan. However “y" years ago, Robert was twice as old as Stan. If Stan is now "b* years old and b>y, find the value of (b — yh 15 16 7 gom> A 16 B. 18 Cc. 12 D. 15 142: EE Board April 1997 The sum of Kim's and Kevin's ages is 18. In 3 years, Kim will be twice as old as Kevin. What are their ages now? 4,14 5,13 741 6, 12 gom> 18 1441 JJ is three times as old as Jan-Jan. Three years ago, JJ was four times as old as Jan-Jan, The sum of their ages is 20 24 28 36 pop>—_ ph neem neriennnennne T4 = Acte, Work, Minturn, Digit, Motion Problems 62 0a Age one #0 od #3 har E801 Debbie is now twice as old aa Jery. trata end 8 years younge: tha Nor Four years ago, Debbie was three times sade Pauls bs now 18 yeara old snd hia ‘eoieague Monica is 14 yeare okt, How masty yours ago was Pauia twicw sn old ‘ae Monies? s T 8 0 gOmp 36 A father tells his son, “Iwas your ‘8g8 now whon you ware born.” if the father ts now 3S years old, how oid was: hie son 2 yours ago? A 1S a IF £18 DB 2t 2481 Six years ng0, Nida was five times se Old at Riza. In fivs years, Nilds will be threa times 28 old as Rize. What is the present age of Riza? AT Bw c 8 o 14 34% At prevent, the sum.of the parents’ ‘ages is twice the sum of the children’s ages. sore. Five yeors a0, the sum of the pérents' ages was 4 times the aum of the Chiidren's ages. Fiteen years hence, the umn of the parents’ ages will be equal to nancies crarya ages. How many chien sre ther A 8. D. eane 8 old 9a Jarry then. How old ie Debbie? A M4 B. 16 G18 0. 26 153: WE Board April 1998 Apump can pump out water from a tank in 14 hours, Another pump can pump out water froin the aarne tank in 20 hours. How ong will t take both pumps to pump ‘out the water in the tank? A. Thours 8. 6hours G7 tz hours 6 172 hours 39%: CE Board Novewiber 1993 ‘A.400-mm & pipe can fill the tank alone ir '§ hours and another 600-mm @ pipe can fil the tank alone in 4 hours. A drain pipe 200-mm @ can empty the tank in 20 hours. With aii the three pipes open, how Jong will i take to fill the tank? A. 2.00 hours. B, 2.50 hours ©. 2.28 hours D. 2.75 hours, 183: A tank is filed with an intake pipe in 2 hours and emptied by an outlet pipe in 4 ‘hours. if both pipes are opened, how long ‘will {take to fil the empty tank? A 3 hours 8. 4hours Cc. Shours D. G6 hours: 4547 A tank can be filed in 9 hours by ‘one pipe, 12 hours by a second pipe and can be drained when full by @ third pipe in 15 hours. How long will it take to fill an ‘empty tank with all pipes in operation? A. 7 hours and 12 minutes B. 7 hours and 32 minutes C. 7 hours and 42 minutes iat68_ 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2" Edition) by Tiong é Rofag D. 7 hours and 50 minutes 1551 ME Board April 1995 11 A.can do the work in *x” days and B in *V" days, how long will they finish the job working together? a xtY y gob f 8 ee x+y oy 156: ECE Board November 1995 Pedro can paint a fence 50% faster than Juan and 20% faster than Pilar, and together they can paint a given fence in 4 hours. How fong will it take Pedro to paint the same fence i he had to work alone? A6 B88 c. 10 D. 12 157: Glenn can paint a house in 9 hours while Stewart can paint the same house in 16 hours. They work together for 4 hours. After 4 hours, Stewart eft and Glenn finished the job alone. How many more days did it take Glenn to finish the job? A. 2.75 hours B. 2.50 hours ©. 2.25 hours D. 3.00 hours 158: CE Board November 1993 Ittakes Butch twice as long as it takes, Dan to do a certain piece of work. Working together they can do the work in 6 days. How long would it take Dan to do it alone? 9 days 10 days sop> 1591 ME Board April 1995 ‘A and B working together can finish painting a house in 6,days. A working alone can fiish it in 5 days less than 8. How long will it take each of them to finigy the work alone? A 8,13 B. 10,15 c. 611 D. 7,12 160: EE Board April 1996 ‘and B can do a piece of work in 42 days, B and C in 31 days and C and A in 20 days. In how many days can all of them do the work together? A 19 B17 Cc. 24 oO. 15 ‘X61: It takes Myline twice as fong'as Jeana to do’a certain piece of work. ‘Working together, they can finish the wor. in 6 hours. How long would it take Jeana todo it alone? A. Ghours B. 18 hours: C, - 12 hours D. 14 hours 362: ECE Board April 1999 Mike, Loui and Joy can mow the lawn in 4,6 and 7 hours respectively. What fraction of the yard can they mow in 4 hour if they work together? A. aTI84 B. 45/84 cc. 84/a7 D. 39/60 1631 A farmer can plow the field in 8 days. After working for 3 days, his son Joins him and together they plow the field in 3 more days. How many days will it require for the son to plow the field alone’ A 10 B41die Day 4 - Age, Work; Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems 69 c. 12 dD. 13 204: BCR Board Noversber 1991 Crew No. 1 can finish installation of an antenna tower In 200 man-hour white Crew No. 2 can finish the sara job in 200 man-hour. Maw leng will itdake both erewe to finish the same job, working together? ‘A. 100 man-hour B. 120man-hour ©. 140 man-hour 0. 160 man-hour 1d ME Board October 1994 ‘On one job, two powar shovels excavate 20,000 cubic meters of earth, the larger shovel working 40 hours and the smaller for 35 hours. On another job, they removed 40,000 cubic maters with the larger shovel working 70 hours and the matter working 90 hours, How much earth can each remave in hour working A 168.2, 287.3 B._. 178.3, 294.1 C. 173.9, 347.8 D. 200.1312.4 160: EE Board October 1997 Ten liters of 25 % salt solution and 15 liters of 35 % sait solution are. poured into @ drum originally containing 30 liters of 10% salt solution. What is the per cant concentration of salt in the mixture? A 10.55% B. 215% C.. 27.05% D. 25.72% 1071 ME Board October 1992 A Chemist of a distillery experimented on twa alcohol solutions of different strangth, 38% alcohol and 50% alcohol, respectively. How many cubic meters of ach strength must he use in order to produce a mixture of 60 cubic meters that contain 40% alcohol? 20 m® of solution with 35% alcohol, 40 m? of solution with 50% alcohol 50 m? of solution with 35% alcohol, 20 m’ of solution with 50% alcohol 20 m? of solution with 35% alcohol, ‘50 m’ of solution with 50% alcohol 40 m? of solution with 35% alcohol, 20 m? of solution with 50% alcohol 5 0 @ > RGM A goldsmith has two alloys of gold, the first being 70% pure and the second being 60% pure. How many ounces of the 60% pure gold must be used to make 100 ‘ounces of an alloy which will be 66% oid? pop> Page a0: ME Board October 1994 Two thousand (2000) kg of steel containing 8% nickéi is to be made by mixing a steel containing 14% nickel with ‘another containing 6% nickel. How much of each is needed? A. 1500 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 500 kg of stee} with 6% nickel B. 750 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 1250, kg of steel with 6% nickel C. 500 kg of stee! with 14% nickel, 1500 kg of stee! with 6% nickel D. 1250 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 750 kg of steel with 6% nickel ayer How much water must be evaporated from 40 kg solution which has. 4% salt to make a solution of 10% salt? A. 4kg 8. Skg Cc. 6kg D. 7kg ‘174: EE Board October 1994 If a two digit number has x for its unit's digit and y for its ten's digit, represent the number. A 10x+y B. t0y+x201001 Sot c yx Dy ym EE Board October 1994 ‘One number is 5 less than the other. if their sum is 135, whal are the numbers? A 88,50 B. 80,55 Cc. 70,85 D. 75,60 X78: ECE Board March top Ten less than four times 3 certain number is 14. Determine the number. A 6 B 7 c 8 Dg £74: ECE Board March 1996 The sum of two numbers is 21 and one number is twice the other. Find the numbers. A 6,15 B. 7,44 c. 8,13 D. 912 275: EE Board April 1993 Ifeight is added to the product of nine and the numerical number, the sum is seventy-one. Find the unknown number. A 5 a 6 Cc 7 Do 8 2761 Find the fraction that if 2 is ‘subtracted from its terms its becomes 1/4, but if 4 is added to its terms it vecomes 112. 5 52 5/14 6/13 gop> — Problems in Enuginonsing Mathonatics (2° Edition) by Thong 4 Rojas 27H OR Board February 1978 The product of + and of a number ix 800. What is the number? gom> 3s 781 13 Is subtracted from the numerator of a certain fraction, the value of the fraction becomes 3/5. If 1 is subtracted from the denominator of the same fraction, it becomes 2/3. Find the original fraction. A 35/55 B 36/55 Om... D. 32/44 57H ECE Board Novesibor 2997 ‘The denominator of a certain fraction is three more than twive the numerator. 1f7 is added to both terms of the fraction, the resulting fraction is 3/5. Find the originat fraction. A 8S B. 135 c. si13 0. 35 480s Find the product of two numbers: ‘auch that twice the first added to the * second equals 19 and three times the first jis 21 more than the second. “AL 24 B. 32 c. 18 D. 20 £621 The tens’ digit of a number is 3 1888 than the units’ digit the number is divided by the sum of the digits, the quotient is 4 and the remaindar ig 3. What is the eviginal number? A 36 8. 47c 68 0. 69 ‘3@2a: The second of the four numbers is thrbe less than the first, the third fs four more thar the first and the fourth is two more thn the third. Find the fourth number if their sum is 35. A 10 Bit G 12 O13 183: EE Board April £997 Ajogger starts a course at a steady rate of 8 kph. Five minutes later, a second Jogger starts the same course at 40 kph. How tong will it take the second jogger to catch the first? A 20min B. 2t min C. 22min D. 18min es 184: EE Board April 2997 Aboat man rows to @ place 4.8 mites with. ‘the stream and back in 14 hours, but finds. that he can row 74 miles with the siream in the same time as 3 miles against the steam. Find the rate of the stream. A. 1.8 miles per hour Bt mile per hour €. 0.8 mile per hour ©. 6.6 mile per hour 195: ECE Board November 1998 Aman rows downstream at the rate of § mph and upstream at the rate of 2 mph, How far downstream should he go if he is fo return in 7/4 hours afier leaving? A 25 mnlles 3.3 miles ©. 3.4 miles D. 27 miles Day 4- Age, Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems 72 18ti CE Board November 1994 ‘An airpiane flying with the wind, took 2 houre to travel 1000 km and 2.5 hours in flying back. WLat was the wind velocity in kph? A. 50 8 60 c, 70 B49 207: CE Board May 1998 Aboat travels downstream in 2/3 of the time as il. goes going upstroam. If the velocity of the river's current is & kph, determine the velocity of the beat in sti water A. 40 kph B. S0kph ©. 30 kph D. 60 kph 288s, Two planes leave Manila for a southern city, a distance of 900 km. Plane A travels at 2 ground speed of SO kph faster than the plane B. Plane A arrives in their destination 2 hours and 15 minutes head of Plane B. What is the ground speed of plane A? A 208 kph 8B. 315 kph T. 240 kph 5. 237 kph 489: 8B Board April 1997 A train, an hour after starting, meets with an accident which detains it an hour, after which if proceeds at 3/5 of its former rate and arrives three hour after time; but had the accident happened 50 mites farther on the line, it would have arrived one and one-half hour sooner. Find the length of the journey. A. 910/9 mites 6. 8600/9 miles GC. 920/9 miles D. 850/9 milesin Engineering Mathe: 72_1001 Solved Pro! x90: On a certain trip, Edgar drive 231 km in exactly the same time as Ervin drive 308 km. If Erwin's rate exceeded that of Edgar’by 13 kph, determine the rate of Enwin. A. 39kph B. 44 kph. C.° 48 kph D. S2kph ae —_ -74_1001 Solved Problems iatheratica (3 Exition) ica eT Seis Kevin x 43 Kim YY tS Seq t Yt3)=2K+3) 982 ‘Substitute y in equation 2: (18-x)+3= 246 B= x= 2x48 x=8 8-5 13 ALES Past Present Robert 18. b+iS Stan bry & {b+ 15~y)=2(b-y) 485 ~ y= 2b-2y 2-brbe~y = 18 Bay a8 [Past JTS 3x Jan-jan_[ x-3 x 3x-3=4(x-3) 3x-3=4x-12 K-1223 x29 3x =3(8) 3x= 27 Sum of ages = 9427 «36 Let x= age of te girt y = age of hor brother 2 age of her sister yam Eat 2ex+e 2Eg2 x+y tz EQS Substituie scquations 1 & 2 in equation 3: e+ Sno (x48) = 28 8-x2x-0 K=19 ‘Two years ago, the son was (19-2)=17 years old(| Past] Present [Future x5) 2 Rize [x6 |x 3(x+8)~5(x-6) =x +6—(x~8) 3x15 5x+30=x46-448 ~Ox4+45 211 x=i7 in [Past] Present [Future (Parente | x-10 [2x x30 (CGhisren [x-Sn x x+18n. 2-10 =4(x-Sn) 2x10 = 4x~20n 2x=20n-10 x=10n-8 > Bq4 2e+30= K+ 158 x=15n-30 — Eq.2 Equate equations 1 and 2: $6n-30= 100-5 nah Past | Present} Debbie 3x4 2 erry x4 x 2x-2(x—4) =x~(x~4) BeBe 4iDex ned “KAD x=8 2x=16 ‘Thus, Debbie is now 16 years old. paint the house 'B = number of hours, Juan can paint the house C= number of hours, Pilar can paint ths house > Eqs pets(Z): 40.809 (3) Eq?16_ 100i Solved Probl =0. 22a(;) > Eq,.3 Substitute equations 2 & 3 in equation 4 (rate)(time) = 4(complete job) 4.1), :4 AA aadey <1 (ea) +3) 0.694440.111x=1 =2.75 hours ime for Butch to finish a certain job working alone y= time for Dan to finish a certain joo working alone Eq > Eq.2 3 Eq t A=8-5 D> Eqi2 Substitute equation 2 in equation 4 u B Mathematice "* Edition) by Tio! 2B-5 1 B88 6. 12B ~30 = B? - 5B B?-178+30=0. (B-15)(B-2)=0 B=15 days B=2 (absurd) Substitute B = 15 in equation 2 Let: x = number of days heeded by A,B A =15-5= 10 days and C to finished the work working together, at A 1 — > Eq.1 x 4. Al > Eq2 i . 1 a DE z 9.3 x=18.87days x= 19 days Let: time for Myline to finish the jo y = time for Jeana to finish the job Atl. seqDay 4 Age, Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems 77 1 Ot : 3-2) DEQ.2 Substitute equation 2 in equation 1: y=18 hours Let. x= fraction of the iawn that can mowed after one hour x-($-3-4) 0) 42428424 168 Lat. 5 lane forthe terme Sc Se y = time for the son to flow the field, for[t-tjoes "3 eat Substitute x = 8 in equation 1: F (0+ F tho] Lat: x = number of man-hours needed by erew number 4 and number 2 to finish the job. eye =120 man-hours Let: x = capacity of the larger shovel in mine y = capacity of the smaller shovel in mehr 40x +25y = 20000 x=600-0.875y + Eq. i 70x +90y = 40000 - + Eq. 2 ‘Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 70(500-0.875y) + 90y = 40000 36000~81.25y + 90y = 40000 ¥ =173.9 mm fhe x= 500-0.875(173.8) x= 347.8 m*/hr 0.25(10) +0.35(15) + 0.10(30) = x(S5) x=19.55% 35% |: Tso% |. x 80 For the 35% solution: 0.35 (x) +0.50(80- x) =0.40(60) 0.35x + 30 -0.5) 4 x=4omFor the 50% solution; * x= the first number 78_1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2° dition) by Tiong & Rojex_ 60-x=20- m? 0,70(100-x) +0.60{x) = 0.68(100) 70-0,7x+0.6x = 66 x-5= the second: number x-5=65 Thus, the numbers are 70 and 65, x= 40 ounces bys Let: x= the number ord x26 Er Lot: x= the first number x 2000-x 2000 2x = the second number For 14% substance: Viorea 0.44(x) +0.06(2000- x) = 0.082000) x=T, 0.44% +120-0.08x = 180 x=500 kg cori For 6% substance: Thus, the numbers are 7 and 14, 2000 x = 1500 kg 0.04 (10)-0(x)=0.10{10+x) 0.4=1-0.% x=6kg x= units’ digit of the number “The two digit number is represented by: Oy + Let: x =the number 9x+6=71 x7 Wx+Baysd ~» Eq? De Bsytar\—. Day 4- . Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 2x+8=(4x~6)+4 10=2x x25 y=4(8)-6 y=14 Therefore. the fraction is ©. 14 hemes Blo) y-13 3x=2y-2 89.2 ‘Substitute equation { in equation 2: 3x féx-s]-2 ax=Bx-10-2 0.333x = 12 x= 36 . y= 5 (96)-5= 55 Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems _79 Thus, the faction io 38 55 Let: x = numerator of the faction y= denominator of the fraction y=axed Deg Ae, yr? 6 Sx+35=ay 421 > Eg.2 ‘Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: x+35-=3(2x+3)+21 Bx+35=6x+9421 x=5 y=2(5)+3 y=13 ‘Therefore, ihe original fraction is 3 Let: x= the first number y= the second number x+y=19 y=19-2x- > Eq. 4 Co, Oxsy42t > Eq.2 Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 3x=(19~2x)+24 5x=40 : x=B y=19-2(8) y=3 product of the numbers is 8(3) = 24.Let t= en's digit of the number nit’s digit of the number we Number = 10t+u teu-3 > Eq sour 4, tu ttu 10t+! teu 10t+u-3=4t+4u 6t=3=3u + Eg.2 ‘Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 6(u-3)-3=3u 6u-18-3=3u 3u=24 u=7 Let’ w= first number : second number third number 2 = fourth number x=w-3 DEQt yawt4 > Eq.2 zayt2=(w+4)+2 zew+6 DEQ wtxt+ytz535 DEg.4 Substitute equations 1, 2 and 3 in equation 4: 101 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2° Edition) by Tiong & ROjey we (w—3)+(w-+4)+(w+6)=25, 4w 22g we? Substitute w = 7 in equation 3: Let: Vs = velocity of the first jogger V2 = velocity of the second jogger Point where jogger 2 catches up jogger 1 <= km/minDay 4 Age, Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems 61 = 104,50 1, =25 min. ete es Vv, V-We )=25-5 1AV,~14V, =3V,+3V, 1, =20 min 11, = 47Vy V,=1545V, Eq. 2 Let: V; = velocity of boatman V2 = velocity of stream ‘Substitute equation 2 in equation 1: Tote time = 14 hes 49,6(1.545V,) = 14(1.545V,)* ~ 14V, 14,832V, =19.418V,? Set Deca V, =0.78 mph stream curent ae Note: time = SStenee velocity 48 miles ‘ ‘The two figures below that the same time. Vie 14 miles —VW Srniles Let: Vs = velocity of airplane Vp = velocity of wind 48 48 =14 Ww? Wry V- aeenen 4.8(V,+Vo)+4.8(Vi#V2) _ 44 : Vit Vo (4 +V2)(Y-Va) 4.8V,-4.8V, +4.8V,+4.8V, _ Vi =V,V, +V,V, - Ve" 14 | $1=1000 9.6V, = 14V? -14V,? > Eq. 1 VeVy = 2500 >Eq182 1001 Solved Problems in ering Mathematics (2% Edition) by Tieng & Rojy Direction ofthe wind —>- ee ta=25 ed Let: V1 = ground speed of plane A Va = ground speed of plana B Plano A t ~> 000 V-¥e = 1282 = 400 > Eq2 : : : a ea | 39800 i ‘Subtract equation 2 from equation 1: (=) - (Vi Vz) = 500 ~ 400 2V_,= 100 V, = 50 kph distance traveled upstream <5, S2 = distance traveled downstream Nae Via({V+90}(t-2.25) sane ¥ep Vix Vi-2.28V 4901-2025 2.25V -90t+ 202.529 $00 But t= 2.asy-s0{ 92) + 20250 Multiply both sides by V: 2.25V" -. 81000 + 202.5V #2 2.26V" + 202.5V — 81000 = 0 Divide ail by 2.25: V? +90V -38000=0 (V-240)(V +150) =0 oa V = 240 kph A = (v-at=(v+0)(21) V==180 kph (abs) a2y 48 Vs6SEN 4-5 v= 40 kphee Day 4— Age, Work, Mixture, Digit, Motion Problems _83 Let: t= time needed to travel and reach destination without any delay V= velocity of the train General equation: Time consumed by the train traveling, before the accident + Time during which the train was detained + Time needed to continue the course and feach the destination = Time needed . to travel and reach the destination without any delay + Time of delay > = S-V-50 S-V-50) Condition 1: if the accident happened 4 50+V 4, S-(60+V)_,,3 hour after, substitute values to the Vv 3y 2 general equation: 5 Point where 50+V, 5 (5_s9-v)= v the aocident [ vo ae Bes happened 5, 250 5 v $5_280_Syes+t B04N +58 ——- BV A845 Substitute equation in above equation: s 4(S)_100 508+ 8s-280_§(8).5+3{3)-00 4°33: 3l4 2\4)3 3 =-3s 800 S=—— miles 9 s-v : Ae terye ets Let’ V = rated of Erwin ev V-13 = rate of Edgar s-v ti oe t+ — Vv-13 5 resem s =— Substitute t= : Vv 5 s As-w-S41 eMeyt 28)-8 $= 908 km mn § heb veS 5 eqt 231 _ 308 i v-13 V Condition 2: If the accident happened 50 281) = 908. = 4004 ‘miles farther, substitute values to the V = 82 kph general equation: \ (191: CE Board May 1995, In how many minutes after 2 o'clock will the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions for the first time? A 42.4 minutes B. 42.8 minutes C. 43.2 minutes D. 43.6 minutes 192: CE Board November 1995 In how many minutes after 7 o'clock will the hands be directly opposite each other for the first time? A. 5.22 minutes B. 5.33 minutes C. 5.46minutes D. 5.54 minutes What time after 3 o'clock will the hands of- the clock be together for the first time? gop> ———, Clock Problems |, Variation Problems Diophantine Equation Sequence Series Arithmetic Progression Geometric Progression Infinite Geometric Progression Harmonic Progression Figurate Numbers 3:02.30 3:17.37 3:14.32 3:16.36 194: GE Board February 1997 At what time after 12:00 noon will the hour hand and minute hand of the clock first form an angle of 120°? A. 12:18.818 B. 12:21.818 C. 12:22.818 D. 12:24.818 195: At what time between 8 and 9 o'clock will the minute hand coincide with the hour hand?, A 842.5 B. 8:43.2 C. 843.6 D. 843.95 ee Day 8 - Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 93 196: EE Board October 1990 Aman left his home at past 3:00 o'clock PM as indicated in his wall clock, between 2 to 3 hours after, he returns home and noticed the hands of the clock interchanged. At what time did the man leave his home? A. 3:31.47 B. 3:21.45 C. 3:46.10 D. 3:36.50 197: GE Roard February 1994 From the time 6:15 PM to the time 7:45 PM of the same day, the minute hand of a standard clock describe an arc of A 60 B. 90° Cc. 180° D. 540° 198: EE Board April 1990 A storage battery discharges at a rate which is proportional to the charge. If the charge is reduced by 50% of its original value at the end of 2 days, how long wil it take to reduce the charge to 25% of its onginal charge? pom> oane 199: ECE Board April 1990 The resistance of a wire varies directly with its length and inversely with its area Ifa certain piece of wire 10 m long and 0.10 cm in diameter has a resistance of 100 ohms, wat will its resistance be if it is uniformly stretched so that its length becomes 12m? A 80 8. 90 Cc. 144 D. 120 200; CE Board May 1993 Given that “w’ varies directly as the product of *x’ and "y" and inversely as'the square of "2" and that w = 4 when x = 2, y 6 and z = 3, Find the value of 'w’ when 1, and z= 2. op> one D6 2011 ECE Board November 1993 Ifx varies directly as y and inversely as z, and x =.14 when y = 7 and z = 2, find the value of x when y = 16 and z = 4. A 14 B4 c. 16 D8 2021 EE Board March 1998 The electric power which a transmission line can transmit is proportional to the product of its design voltage and current. capacity, and inversely to the transmission distance. A 115-kilovolt line rated at 100 amperes can transmit 150 megawatts over 150 km. How much power, in megawatts can a 230 kilovolt line rated at 150 amperes transmit over 100 km? A 785 B. 485 Cc. 675 D. 595 203: ME Board October 1992 The time required for an elevator to lift a weight varies directly with the weight and the distance through which itis to be lifted and inversely as the power of the motor. If it takes 30 seconds for a 10 hp motor to. lift 100 Ibs through 50 feet, what size of motor is required to lift 800 Ibs in 40 seconds through 40 feet? A 42 B44 Cc. 46 D. 4894_ 1001 Solved Problems in Engin 204: The selling price of a TV set is double that of its cost. If the TV set was ‘sold to a customer at a profit of 25% of the net cost, how much discount was given to the customer? A 337% B. 35.7% C. 375% D. 347% 205: A group of EE examinees decided to hire a mathematics tutor from Excel Review Center and planned to contribute ‘equal amount for the tutor's fee. If there were 10 more examinees, each would have paid P 2 less. However, if there were 5 less examinees, each would have paid P 2 more. How many examinees are there in the group? A 14 B. 16 Cc. 18 D. 20 206: EE Board March 1998 ‘A bookstore purchased a best selling price book at P 200.00 per copy. At what price should this book be sold so that, giving @ 20% discount, the profit is 30%? A P450 B. P500 C. P3657 D. P400 2071 ECE Board November 1993 Jojo bought a second hand Betamax VCR and then sold it to Rudy at a profit of 40%. Rudy then sold the VCR to Noel at a profit of 20%. If Noel paid P 2,856 more than it cost to Jojo, how much dic’ Jojo paid for the unit? A. P4,000 B. P4,100 G.. P-4,200 D. P4300 EX xing Mathematics (2% Edition) by Tiong & Rojas 208: EE Board March 1998 In a certain community of 1,200 people, 60% are literate. Of the males, 50% are literate and of the females 70% are literate. What is the female population? A. 850 B. 500 Cc. 550 D. 600 2091 ECE Board March 1996 A merchant has three items on sale, namely a radio for P 50, a clock for P 30 and a flashlight for P 1, At the end of the day, he sold a total of 100 of the nea items and has taken exactly P 1,000 the total sales. How many radios did he sale? A. 16 B. 20 Cc. 18 D. 24 210: ME Board October 1996 The arithmetic mean of a and b is fee oe) 2 B. Jab c, 2 2 p. acd 2 ‘2411 The sum of three arithmetic means between 34 and 42 is, A 114 B. 124 C. 134 D. 144 2121 EE Board March 1998 Gravity causes a body to fall 16,1 ft in the first second, 48.3 in the 2" second, 80.5 in the 3° second, How far did the body fall during the 10" second? A 248.7 ftDay 8 - Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 95 p. 308.17 218: EE Board April 1997 CG. 215 R A stack of bricks has 61 bricks in the D. 3059f bottom layer, 58 bricks in the second layer, 55 bricks in the third layer, and so ‘2131 Ifthe first term of an arithmetic on until there are.10 bricks in the last regression is 25 and the fourth term is layer. How many bricks are there.all 43, what is the third term? together? A M7 A 638 8 18 B 637 c 19 Cc. 639 D. 20 D. 640 214: ECE Board November 1998 219: CE Board May 1998 Find the 30" term of the arithmetic Determine the sum of the progression if progression 4, 7, 10, there are 7 arithmetic mean between 3 and 35 A 75 B88 Ain Cc. 90 B. 182 Dd. 3t ©. 232 D. 216 215: CE Board May 1993 CE Board May 1994, 220: ECE Board April 1995, CE Board November 1994 A besiege fortress is held by 5700 men How many terms of the progression 3, 5, who have provisions for 66 days. If the 7, ... must be taken in order that their garisson losses 20 men each day, for sum will be 2600? how many days can the provision hold out? A 48 B49 ~A 2 g. 50 B. 74 D. 54 c. 76 D. 78 216: ME Board April 1995 Ina pile of logs, each layer contains one 221: CE Board May 1991 ‘more log than the layer above and the top __Inthe recent “Gulf War’ if the Middle Contains just one log. If there are 105 logs East, the allied forces captured 6400 of inthe pile, how many layers are there? Saddam's soldiers and with provisions on hand it will last for 216 meals while A feeding 3 meals a day. The provision B12 lasted 9 more days because of daily C. 13 deaths. Atan average, how many died D. 14 per day? 217: CE Board May 1995 A 15 What is the sum of the progression 4, 9, B. 16 14, 19... up to the 20" term? Cc 17 D. 18 A. 1030 B. 1035 C. 1040 D. 1045—_ 96 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2 Edition) by Tiong & Rojas 222: GE Board July 1993 ‘A Geodetic Engineering student got a score of 30% on Test of the five number test in Surveying. On ‘he last nuniber he got 90% in which a constant difference more on each qumber that he had on the immediately preceding one. What was his average score in.Surveying? A. 50 B. 55 Cc. 60 D. 65 223: ME Board April 1999 If the sum is 220 and the first term is 10, find the common difference if the last term is 30. A 2 i B 5 a3 D. 23 224: EE Board April 1997 Once a month, a rnan puts some money into the cookie jar. Each month he puts 50 centavos more into the jar than the month before. After 12 years, he counted his money, he had P 5,436. How much money did he put ir the jar in the last month? A. P73.50 B. P75.50 Cc. P7450 D. P72.50 225: EE Board April 1997 A girl on a bicycle coasts downhill covering 4 feet the first second, 12 feet the second second, and in general, 8 feet more each second than the previous ‘second. If she reaches the bottom at the end of 14 seconds, how far did she coasts? A. 782 feet B. 780 feet C. 784 feet D. 786 feet Problem 226: When all odd numbers from 1 to 101 are added, the result is 2500 2601 2501 3500 pom>r 22°71 How many times will a grandfather's clock strikes in cne day ifit strikes only at the hours and stiike once at 1 o'clock, twice at 2 o'clock , thrice at 3 o'clock and soon? ‘i A. 210 B. 24 C. 156 D. 300 228: CE Board May 1992 To conserve energy due to the present energy crisis, the Meralco tried to re- adjust their charges to electrical energy users who consunie more than 2000 kw- hrs, For the first 100 kw-hr, they charged 40 centavos and increasing at a constant rate more than the preceding one until the fifth 109 kw-hr, the charge is 76 centavos, How much is the average charge for the electrical energy per 100 kw-hr? 58 centavos 60 centavos 62 centavos 64 centavos Som> 2291 CE Board November 1993 The 3" term of a harmonic progression is 15 and the 9" term is 6. Find the 11” term. pom> Noose 2301 ECE Board November 1995 Find ‘the fourth term of the progression 412 , 0.2, 0.126, .. A 1/10 B41Day 5 - Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 97 c. 0.102 D. 0.099 42311 Find the 9" term of the harmonic progression 3, 2, 3/2. A WS B38 Cc. 4/5 oD. 49 232: Find the sum of 4 geometric means between 160 and 5. 130 140 150 160 pom> 233: EE Board October 1991 The fourth term of a G. P. is 216 and the 6" term is 1944. Find the 8” term. 17649 17496 16749 17964 gop> 234: ECE Board April 1999 Determine x so that: x, 2x +7, 10x —7 will be a geometric progression. 7,-12 7, 5/6 7, 445 7-716 gop> 2351 ECE Board April 1999 {fone third of the air in a tank is removed by each stroke of an air pump, what fractional part of the total air is removed in 6 strokes? A. 0.7122 B. 0.9122 0.6122 D. oBt2 2361 ME Board October 1996 A product has a current selling of P 325.00. Ifits selling price is expected to decline at the rate of 10% per annum because of obsolescence, what will be its selling price four years hence? A. P213.23 B. P 202.75 Cc P302.75 D. P 156.00 237: CE Board May 1995 The numbers 28, x + 2, 112 forma G. P. What is the 10” term? A. 14336 B. 13463 C. 16433 D. 16344 238: ECE Board April 1998 The sum of the first 10 terms of a geometric progression 2, 4, 6,... is 1023 2046 225 1596 vom> 2391 If the first term of a G.P. is Sand the common ratio is -2/3, find the fifth term A 85 B. 16/9 “C. 15/7 D. 13/4 240: EE Board April 1997 The seventh term is 56 and the twelfth term is =1792 of a geometric progression. Find the common ratio and the first term. Assume the ratios are equal vom>| 98 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2% Edition) by Tiong & Rojas ‘24x: A person has 2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 great grandparents and so on. How many ancestors during the 15 generations preceding his own, assuming nno duplication? A. 131070 B. 65534 C. “32766 D. 16383 2.421 In the PBA tiwree-point shootout contest, the committee decided to give a prize in the following manner: A prize of P1 for the first basket made, P 2 for the second, P 4 for the third, P8 for the fourth and so on. If the contestant wants to win a prize of no less than a million pesos, what is the minimum number of baskets to be converted? A 20 B. 19 G 18 D. 21 243: CE Board November 1994 Ina benefit show, a number of wealthy men agreed that the first one to arrive would pay 10 centavos to enter and each later arrive would pay twice as much as the preceding man. The total amount collected from all of them was P 104,857.50. How many wealthy men paid? A 18 B19 Cc. 20 D. 21 2441 A man mailed 10 chain letters to ten of his friends with a request to continue by sending a similar letter to each of their ten friends. If this continue for 6 sets of letters and if all responded, how much will the Phil. Postal office earn if minimum postage costs P 4 per letter? P 6,000,000 P 60,000 P 2,222,220 P 4,444,440 gom> 245: EE Board March 1998 Determine the sum of the infinite series; s-tedete.a(9] 3-9 27 3. A 4I5 B. 3/4 Cc. 23 D. 172 246: Under favorable condition, a single cell bacteria divided into two about every 20 minutes. If the same rate of division ig maintained for 10 hours, how many organisms is produced from a single cel? A. 1,073,741 B. 1,730,74 C.1,073,741,823 D. 1,037,417 247: EE Board October 1994 A rubber ball is made to fall from a height of 50 feet and is observed to rebound 2/3 of the distance it falls. How far will the ball travel before coming to rest if the ball continues to fall in this manner? 200 feet 225 feet 250 feet 275 feet com> 2481 EE Board April 1990 What is the fraction in lowest term equivalent to 0.1331331337 A oe B. # © ie 0 249: ECE Board April 1998 Find the sum of the infinite geometric progression 6, -2, 2/3, A 92——-Day.8- Check, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 99 8. 52 2951 BCR Board Apett 1996 G Wa Find the 1987" digit in the decimat O. 142 e equivalent to 122s starting rom the age: CE Board Mey 2998 decimst point, 41 Find the sum of fo ge han B4 A 58 c7 8. 23 os G. 084 D. O72 A5%: ECR Beard November 2996 Find the ratio of an infinits geometric progreasion if the sum ts 2 and the first term is 1/2. A 18 8. i Cc. 2M DH 2592: EE Board April 1997 # equal spheres are piled in the form of complete pyramid with an equiletaral triangle as base, find the total number of spheres in the pile if each side of the base contains 4 spheres. A 18 B. 20 Cc. 1% B21 2st Find the 6” tern of the sequence £5, 40, 26, 18, 12, Board October 1997 In the series 1, 1, 1/2, 1/6, 1/24,..., AL 1/80 B. 474 c. 1100 D. 4120Day 8 Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & 101 Hote: 1a eee )=t0nini xa5t20 x= 21.818 min Therefore, the time is 12:21.818 2 x xe845 X=5.454 minutes sean 2 x=43.6 min ‘Therefore, the time is 8:43.6 =30+% DEq1 PE et oe x = = > Eq. 2 yat6+5 a. ‘Substitute (2) in (1): : 154% x=30+ “52 x = 16.36 min Therefore, the time is 3:16.36ae. | 6:15 = 6(60)+15 =375 minutes: 7: 48 =7(80) +45 = 468 minutes x= 485 ~375 | 102 1001 Solved Problems in Enginaering Mathematica (2™ Edition) by Tiong & Rojas, | | | Ee 2 Time when he retumed home Multiple both sides by 12: x 18+— x=30+—2 | 42 12 x 12x =360+ 18 +55 x=31.47 min | Sothe time when he left home was 3:31.47, A Let: x= the number of minute difference between 6:15 and 7:45. x= 90 minutes D=kc When D = 2 and C=0.5C 2=k(0.5C) 4 kes c When C = 0.75 C: o-($}(o7s0) D=3 days Eq Let: V = volume of the wire V=AL od ~ Eq.2 ‘Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:Day § - Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 103 Note: When the wire was stretched, the diameter was changed but the volume remains constant assuming there was no tosses in the process When R = 100 and L = 10 100 =k'(10)" kK'=1 When b = 12: R=1(12)" R=144 0 When w= 4,x=2,y =Gandz=3 an 228) sonny k=3 When x= 1, y= 4andz= 2: peal When P = 150, V = 115, 1 = 100 &d = 150 k= 1.956 © When V = 230, | = 150 and d = 100 P= 675 megawatts tS ‘When t = 30, W= 100, S = 50 and P =10 100)(50)} 10 ‘When t = 40, W = 800 and S = 40 40=(0 on [ose P=48 hp igictes 2x = selling price d= discount 2x (1 = d) = new selling price New seiling price = Net cost + Gain 2x(1-d) =x+0.25x 2x ~2xd = 1.25x 4=0.375 d=3,75% pitta Let: x = number of examinees y = tutors fee = original fee shared per examinee104 1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2" Edition) by Tiong & Rojas I there were 10 more examines who will join, =(x4 ee yoo 2) ny- 2x4 yay-2x+5t-20 10y = 2x? + 20x y=0.2x'+2x > Eq.t I there wore 5 examinees who will back- out, y=0-s(L+2) x Yyay+2x-5¥-10 x Sy = 2x? -10x y=O.4x?=2x > £q.2 Equate equations 4 and 2: O.2x? + 2x = 0.4x? ~ 2x 4x =0.2x? x = 20 examinees: ling price without discount new selling price (with discount) Profit Income - Expenses 0.3(0.8x) =0.8x-200 0.24x = 0.8x-200 x= 367.14 20: Let: x= price Jojo paid for the VCR 1.4x = price Rudy paid for the VCR 4.2(1.4x) = price Noel paid for the VCR. 4.2(1.4x) = x +2866 4.68x =x +285 x= 4200 Let: x= number of men in the. population y= number of female in the population x+y=1200 x=1200-y > Eq. 0.8x+0.7y=06(1200) + Eq. 2 ‘Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 0.5(1200-y)~-0.7y =720 800~-0.5y+0.7y=720 y=600 femates wumber of radios sold out umber of clocks sold out umber of flashlight sold out xty> 50x + 30y + 00 > Eq.t 000 Eg. 2 Subtract equation 4 from equation 2: (50x +30y +z)~(x+y +z)= 1000-100 49x + 28y = 900 Assume x = 16: 49(16) + 29y = 900 yes ‘Substitute x = 20 and y = 4 in equation 1: 16+4+2=100 z=60 Substitute x = 20, y = 4 and z= 80 in equation 2: 50(16) +30(4) +80 = 1000 1000 = 1000 It checks ! Therefore, x = 16 radios.Day 8 ~ Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Progression 105 210. Note: Arithmetic mean is the same term as average. ‘Thus, the arithmetic mean of a and b is, arb 2 PARE. 34. 22, 2, a4, 42 ag=a,+4d 42234440 d=2 5, ay = 38 and a4 = 40 +38 +40 EEE a: = 16.1; a2 = 48.3; a9 = 80.5 ay =0,+8d 8 = 16.1+9(32.2) yy = 305.9 2 =25; a= 13 ay =a+3d 13=25+3d d=-4 a =a,+2d 8, =25+2(-4) a, =17 By inspection, d= 3 i @27; a= 10 Ay =a, +290 By =4+29(3) By = 91 ay=3; ag=5; a=7 By inspection, d = 2+ 8=3 (20, +(n=1d] 2600 = 3220) +(n-1)(2)] 2600 = 3(6+2n-2) 2600 = $(4+2n) 2600 = 2n +n? n? 42-2600 =0 (n+51)(n-50)=0 Equating factors to zero: n= -51 (absurd) n=50 . $= 105 s 252% +{(n-1)d] 105 = S20) +(n -1)(1)] 105 $e+a-1) a 105 =S(t+n) 210 =n+n? n4n-210=0 {n-14)(n+15)=0 Equating factors to zero: n= ~15 (absurd) n= 14 layers of logs ay = 4; ag = 9; as = 14; ay = 19, n=20 By inspection, d= 5 n S= 32 +(n=1)d]106.1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematica (2”4 Edition) by Tiong & Rojes s=2[2(4)+(20-15] S= 1030 1 = 61; a2 = 58; my = 55, a= 10 By inspection, d = -3 a, = 9, +(n~1)d 10=614(n~1)(-3) 10 =61~3n+3 n=18 = Siz, +(n-1)d] s=2[2(61)+(18-1(-9)] $=639 3, 82,82, 84, 85, Be, 87,84, 35 s=3(a,+%,) 8=2(9+35) s=i71 | Total provision = ‘S700 (68) = 376,200 Note: a; = §700;d = - 20 A S=5[2a+(n-%)¢] 376200 = $[2(8700) +(n-1)(-20)] 376200 = 3f11400~20n +20} 376200 = 5710n-10n? 37620 =57%-A? n? - 5719+ 37620 = 9 (n-76)(n- 495} =0 8 = 495 (absurd) a= 76 days Let: x = number of days, the mesi can last S = total number of provisions n= pumbar of days the total provisions can iast d= number of soldiors died per day $= 6400(72) S$ = 480800 meas n=72+9 n=8idays SF {2m +(n-e]} 460800 = 526200) 80d) d=-18 ‘Therefore, 18 soldiers died everyday 2) = 30; 25 = 90 a, =a, 44d 80=30+4d i215 8 5[2a, +(0-1)8] = +3(18) = 5[2(80) 4(158)] $=300 Average score ae =60Day 5-- Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problems & Prog.ession 107 $= 220; ay = 10; a = 30 suSiayre) 220 = $(10+30) nett a, ea) 10d B0n 104104 ae EERE c= 0.50; n= 12(12) =144 $=5[29, +(0-1)¢] 5436 = "Bias, + (144 ~1{0.5)} $436 = 14a, +5148 22 Bi 20, 41430 , Bag = 2+ 143(0.5) Bue £73.50 Seine 14 So f2a,s(0~ 1d] 8 =a) ) +13(8)] S=786 BE thane 10 a=? a, =a, +(n-1)o 4012 14(.~1)(2) W01=1+2n-2 a s=(2,+a,) s=Sla4109 S=2601 ay = 15 @0% 29423, m9 2 12 S=3(a,+a) § F412) S=78 Note: One day is equivalent te 24 hours. Therefore, total = 2(78) = 156 times @ =.40; as=76 a, =a,H4d 76 =40+4d d=9 ‘Therafore: 8 = 4049248 + a 24949=58 a, =58+9=67 Average = 20449458467 +76 Average = 58 centavos108 1001 Solved Probie ‘Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: c dy 1st 775 2889 d=a,~-a, 1s 1 deo = 23 ‘Substitute d in equation 1: 6 A(t =a-Ao nas (es) eet By = 8, +100 mage a2 = 160(0.5) = 80 3 = 80(0.5) = 40 a4 = 40(0.5) = 20 as = 20(0.5) = 10 ? Sum = 80 + 40 + 20+ 10 ‘Sum = 150 a= 216,042 1904 azar Maar +> Eq. a say* 1994s" > Eq.2 Divide equation 2 by equation 1:ee Day B= Stock, Varia Bre peo 3 ‘Substitute rin equation 4: 216 = 4,(3)° ane a saz? ® = (3) 4217496 BEEN s.=careacerasstox-7 (2x+7)? = x(10x-7) 4x? + 28x +49 = 10x? - 7x 6x? -35x-49=0 Using the quadratic formula: 35+ ey ~4(6)(-49) 7 2(6) 35449 5 Volume left after 1 stroke = xogande Volume left after 3" stroke 4,14). 8 lea Note: By inspection, the volume left after each stroke forms a GP whose common ratio is: Solving for the volume ieft after the 6" stroke: & =ag* 2 y2y ~-G) 18, = 0.08779x ‘Thus, the total volume removed after the 6* stroke: y= x-0.06779x y=0.9122x ay 0.9 1 = 3250.9) = 292.5. azar a, + 292.5(0.8) 8, 213.33 PRYME 8 = 28; 82 =X +2; ay = 112 ratte 4% x42 412 28 x+2110 _1001 Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2° Edition) by Tiong & R@jax (m2) 12(28) ag ae? iy =2(2)° Mp = 14336 Sy inspection, = 2 a2 * 4; 055 8; 0 = 10 mG a =2/ of 2) & af Z (16) \ ~1792=as"" -» Eq. 2 Divide equation 2 by equation 1: ag” _ -1792 ap 56 2-32 fe-2 ‘Substitute r in equation 1: 86 = 4,{-2) eee noe aetre2 setltct rt a(2"-1) 1000000 = 5 2 12 1000000 2 = 1000001 Take logarithm on both sides: fog2" = fog1000001 nnlog2 = 1og1000001 n= fogt000001 log? n=19.93 Say n= 20 baskets asdtrs2Day 8 ~ Clock, Variation, Miacollanoous Problems & Progression 113. 104857.5 = —— 2 r=) ) Bats soassre 2 51048576 Take log on both sides: 4og2" = log1043576 nlog2 = log 1048576 n= 1991048578 tog = 20 wealthy men a= 10 r= 10 n=6 S=1111110 Total cost = 4(1,111,110) = P 4,444,440 BEM ae tree tsage a 3 ” WF By inspection, = 2 3 se tr 4 S=3. fe 3 2 $ = 1073741823 organisms a es Es} ti Note: The numbers being added are in a GP and 0.133133133133... is the sum of an infinite GP. Solving for the common ratio: 0.000133 1 0.433” 7000 4c 5 1-0112 _1001 Solved Problems in 0.133 1 "7000 (0.133 ‘999 s s 1000 133 999 s Layer! Layerti = Layerlil Layertv Total spheres = 10+6+3+1 = 20 spheres 250, a 5 25 “5 420« 8 BS wo dt, By inspection, r=— = ; x=13+(-9) x=10 Let: y = the 6" term of the number series 1 1 % 1 hy ee Any eyes Ae yes Age Xt xt xB KK 1B 4/1 ras) 1 ir > Y* 929_ A Day 8 - Clock, Variation, Miscellaneous Problem, 1785 wo © 0178517851... ) The above number is a repeating decimal number. ‘Ths four repeated digits are 1,7,8 & 5. = = 496.75; 496(4) = 1984 Therefore, 1984" digit = § 1986" digit = 7 4985" digit = 1 1987" digit’= 625ts BE Board October 1993 Ina cisss of 40 students, 27 like Calculus aid 26 like Chemistry. How many fike both Caloulus and Chemistry? A 0 8 c 12 . 257 ECE Boerd November 199% Aclub of 40 executives, 33 like to smoke Martbaro and 20 like to smoke Philip Mortis. How many like both? pen> Venn Diagram Cornbinatorics Fundamental Principle of Counting Permutation Inversion Cyclis Permutation Assortment Combination Probability Theory Mutually Exclusive Events independent Events Binomial Distribution Odds For and Odds Against Mathematical Expectation 25% GE Board February 1994 A.curvay of 100 persons revealed that 72 of them had eaten at restaurant P and that 52 of them had eaten at restaurant Q. Which of the following could not be the number of persons in the surveyed group ‘who had eaten at both P and Q? A 20 B 2 c. m4 o. 28 269: ECE Board November 2993, ‘The probability for the ECE board examinees from a certain schoo! to pass tha auidject Mathematics is 3/7 and for the subject Communications is 5/7. If none of thy examinees fails both subject and there are 4 examinees who pass both ‘subjects, find the number of examines from that school who took the examinations.AR8_ 100) Sotved Problema in Engineering Mathematios (2% Edition) by Tiong & Rojas, A 20 8. 35 c Oo 2 ‘ROO, RE Roant March 2998 ine commercial survey involving 1000 Persons or brand praference, 120 were found to prefer brand x only, 200 prefer brand y only, 150 preferbrand x only, 370 pester either brand x or y but not z, 450 prefer brand y of z but not x and 370 preter either brand z or x but not y. How msny persons have no brand preference, ‘atistied with any of the three brands? DB. 130 365: EE Board April 1997 A toothoaste firm claims that in a survey ‘of 56 people, they were using either Colgate, Hapee or Close-up brand. The following statistics were found: 6 people used all three brands, 5 used only Mapes and Close-up, 18 used Hapes or Ciose- us, 2 used Hopes, 2 used only Hapee , 1 used Close-up and Golgate, and 20 used only Golgat. Is the survey worth paying for? A. Heither yes norng 8. Yes © Xo ©. Either yes or no ” tee How many four-letter words beginning and ending with a vowel without any letter repeated can be formed from the word "personnes"? A. 40 B. 480 c. 20 BD, 312 ‘2631 Fiva diffarant mathematics books, 4 different electronics bocks and 2 different communications books are to be placed in 8 shelf with the books of the sarne subject together. Find the number of way, in which the books can be placed. A. 292 B. 8760 C. 34560 D. 12870 #443 The number of ways can 3 nurses and 4 engineers be seated on a bench with the riursee seated together is A 144 ‘ 8 258 Cc. 720 0. -450 2651 ECE Boerd Novembar 3398 {1 15 peopie won prizes in the state lottery {assuming that there aze no ties}, how many ways can these 15 people win first, second, third, fourth and fifth prizes’? A 4845 B. 116,260 C. 360,360 D. 3,003 266: CE Board November 199 How many 4 digit numbers can be formed without repeating any digit from the following digits: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6? A 120 B. 130 Cc. 140 D. 150 2o'n EE Board June 1990 How many pemnutations are there i the lotters PNRCSE are taken six at a time? A 8. ra dD.: Day 6 ~ Venn Diagram, Permutation, Combination & Probability 127 si EX Board Aprit 1996 fn how many ways can 6 distinct books: pa arranged in a bookshelf? A 720 8. 120 c. 38 oO. 180 se SE Board April 1997 ‘What is the number of permutations of the BANANA? a70 ME Board April 1994 APSME unit has 10 ME's, 6 PME's and 6 CP's. If a committee of 3 members, one from each group is to be formed, how many such committees can be formed? A 2,024 B 12,144 Cc. 480 D. 360 2721 ME Board Gctober 1992 inhow many ways'can a PSME Chapter with 15 directors choose a President, Vee President, a Secretary, a Treasurer and an Auditor, if no member can hold more than one position? A 360,360 6. 32,760 C. 3,003 0. 3,603,600 27m EE Board October 1997 Four different colored flags can be hung in & row to make coded signal. How many signals can be made if a signal consists Of the display of one or more flags? som» Seer RTM EE Board June 1990 EE Board April i993 CHE Board May 1996 in how many ways oan 4 boys and 4 girts be seated alternately in @ row of 8 seats? A. 1452 B. 2304 C. 576 D, 2204 RTAEE Board October 2997 There are four bats of four different colors. Two balis are taken at a time and arranged in a definite order. For example, if a white and a red balls are taken, one definite arrangement is white first, red second, and another arrangement is red first, white second. How many such arrangements are possible? A 2a 8B 6 Cc. 12 D. 36 2751 How many different ways can 5 boys and 5 girls form a circle with boys and giris alternate? A. (28,800 B. 2,880 C. 5,600 D. 14,400 27¢i BE Board October 1997 There are four balls of different colors. ‘Two balls at a time are taken and arranged any way. How fany such combinations are possible? 277: EE Board March 1998 How many 6-number combinations can be generated from the numbers from 1 to 42 inclusive, without repetition and with ‘no regards to the order of the numbers? A. 850,668128 1001 Sotved Problems in Engineering Mathematics (2° Edition) by Tiong & Rojas B. 8,245,786 188,848,206 DO 31,474,756 se7 Find the totel number of combinations of three letters, J, R, T Yaken 1, 2, 3 ata time, 10 £791 KE Board October 1997 in how many ways can you invite one or more of your five friends in a party? in how many ways can a committee of three consisting of two chemical ‘engineers and one mechanical engineer can be formed from four chemical engineers and three mechanical engineers? A 1 B. 64 c. 32 D. None of these ZSUEEBoerd April 199s \n Mathematics examination, a stiident may select 7 problems from a sat of 10 problems. in how many ways can he make his choice? A 120 B. 530 Cc. 720 D. 320 22: EE Bourd April 1997 How many committees can be formed by choosing 4 men from an organization of a membership of 15 men? A 1390 B. 1240 Cc. 1435 0. 1985 2831 ECE Board April 1999 A semiconductor company will hire 7 men and 4 women. In how many ways c8n the company choose from 9 men and 6 women who quatified for the position? -A. 680 c. 540 Cc. 480 D. 840 284: ECE Board April 1994 ‘There are 13 teams in a toumament. Each team is to play with each other onty once. What is the rainimum number of days can they all play without any team playing more than one.game in any day? 2851 EE Board October 1996 ‘There are five main roads between the cities A and B, and four between B and C. In how many ways can a person drive from A to C and retuim, going through B ‘on both trips without driving on the same. road twice? A 260 8B. 240 c: 120 D. 160 2861 EX Board April 199%, There are 50 tickets in a lottery in which there is a first and second prize. What is the probability of a man drawing a prize # he owns 5 tickets? A. 50% B. 25% C. 20% D. 40% 2871 Roll a pair of dice. What is the probability that the sum of two numbers is 11?Day 8 - Venn Diagram, Permutation, Combination & Probability 129 18 19 We 120 pom 90% Roll two dice once. What is the probebity that the sum is 7? Aw B16 C. 6 0.17 ss07 In a throw of two dice, the probabiliy of obtaining a total of 40 or 12 al we 42 118 ‘290% Determine the probability of drawing either a king or a diamond in @ single raw from a pack of 82 playing cards. pop> = A 23 B33 Cc. 43 D113 ‘yt: A card is drawn from & dack of 52 Playing cards. Find the probebiiity of Grawing & king or a red card. A 0.5835 B. 0.5385 C. 0.3585 0. 0.6535 yu CE Board November 1998 ‘Acoin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of getting 3 tails up? A 16 B 1n6 1% 0. 78 2931 BE Board April 1995 ‘The probability of gatting at leant 2 heeds when a coin is tossed four times in A 116 B. 136 Cc. 14 Dd. 48 8943 A fair coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting aither 3 heads or 3 tail? A 18 B. 38 Cc. 14 D. 12 295: ECE Board March 1996 ‘The probability of getting @ credit in an examination is 1/3. if three students are selected at random, what is the probability that at Jeast one of them got a credit? A 19/27 8B. 827 Cc. 2 D1 2961 There are 3 questions in a test. For each question 1 point is awarded fora correct answer and none for a wrong answer. ifthe probability that Janine correctly answers a question in the test is 213, determing the probability that she gets zero in the test, A. 827 B. 49 c. 180 0. 127 297 EE Board April 1994 In the ECE Board Examinations, the probability that an examinee will pass ‘ach subject is 0.8. What is the probability that an examinee will pass at least two subjects out of the three board subjects? A. 70.9% B. 80.9%