As is often the case, an effective title may occur to you at the time of revision
because by this time you have finished the first draft and have the whole
content in mind (refer to Chapter Four)
Step III New lesson 1. Purpose and audience: Does your draft fulfill your purpose? Is it both interesting and appropriate to your audience? If possible, ask someone to read your draft and give his her response. This is a good way to check whether your draft is well developed and easy to follow. Organization: Is the structure effective? Are all the parts in different levels clearly related to the thesis and arranged in the most logical sequence? Are they well proportioned? By "well proportioned" we mean that some parts are not too long and some are not too short. If you haven't paid adequate attention to this when writing the draft, this is the time to reconsider and examine thoughtfully. Main points and minor points: How do the main points support the thesis and how do the minor points support the main point (hence the thesis)? Should any points be removed or the points be added? You may list all the points and review the one by one (an outline would be an effective visual aid for the purpose) Tone, style and point of view: Are the tone, style, and point of view appropriate for the subject, audience, and purpose? Are they consistent throughout the draft? Please keep in mind that the typical academic writing requires a formal style and objective tone and perspective. Opening and ending: Does the introduction both catch readers' attention and introduce the subject effectively? Does the conclusion flow logically from the body and seem consistent with the beginning? What is the method you use for introduction and conclusion? If you are not satisfied with either the opening or ending or both, you may try another way of opening or ending. For example, if you have written a general statement about an author as the opening which you think is somewhat weak for this particular paper, you may try an anecdote of the author as opening; or if you conclude your paper by restating the main idea, which you think is too conventional, you may try a rhetorical question or a quotation. New idea or perspective:
教学步骤及 教 学 内 容 备 注 时间分配 Is there any new idea or concept you have put in the draft? Do you approach the topic from a new perspective? What is the discovery you have made about the topic? As you know, something new and original— e.g., an insight, a new way of looking at things, shedding light on an old issue, is the soul of good, worthwhile academic writing. 2. Revising for Details Micro-revision
The second step at this stage may be called micro- revision (micro in its
Greek origin means "small ."meaning weiguan “微观”in Chinese ).
At the time of micro-revision, you work mainly at the level of sentences and
words.
As a non-native speaker, you have to pay close attention to the nuances
of English and try to make your use of English as exact and idiomatic as
possible. Some tips for sentence revision and choice of words are suggested as
follows:
Examining Sentences and Grammar
As we said earlier, you need not to polish your sentences when writing
the first draft.
Now it is time to deal with your sentences, to revise and edit them so that
they are mature and effective:
Clear, concise, accurate, and full of varieties in patterns and lengths.
(a) Examine each sentence in its context to assess its function,
appropriateness and relationship with other sentences in its immediate
environment
(b) Check for topic sentences.
Generally, the main idea of a paragraph is stated in a topic sentence.
Read through your paragraphs to see whether there is a topic sentence in
each and whether the topic sentence is properly written and positioned.
(c) Check for clarity and conciseness.
Eliminate unnecessary or redundant words or phrases in the sentence.
"Every word should count-meaning every word should directly
contribute to the idea you want to express - should be the principle whereby
you go through this process.
(d) Check for emphasis.
As you know the most important and emphatic position of a sentence is
the beginning or the end of the sentence.
Try shifting important words to either the beginning or the end for
greater emphasis.
If you have a series of words or phrases in a sentence, try to arrange them
in a climactic order by putting the most important word or phrase close to the
end of the sentence
Step IV Summary
Sum up the main idea of the passage and the important points.
Step V Assignment
Summarize Does the draft have a clear, central idea (thesis)?
Is the central idea well supported and developed?
Chapter7 Editing and Proofreading
I. Warm up 2. Proofreading 1.greetings 3. 2.review III.Summary II. New lesson IV.Assignment 1. Editing and
