THE DEPT.

OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, NKOCET SOLAPUR

Thermodynamics

MCQ

Prof. D. D. Bhoge

CHAPTER WISE MCQ ON THERMODYNAMICS FOR SY DABTU

 Index

Chapter Topic Page No.

Fundamental Concepts and Definitions 2-8

01

First Law of Thermodynamics 9-12

02

Second Law of Thermodynamics 13-15

03

16-18
04 Entropy

19-21
05 Availability

Ideal Gas 22-26

06

Thermodynamics MCQ NKOCET Solapur

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 Chapter 01

Fundamental Concepts and Definitions

Thermodynamic systems; properties, processes and cycles. Thermodynamic equilibrium,
Quasi-static process, Macroscopic vs. Microscopic viewpoint, Work and heat Transfer: Work
transferred and other types of work, Heat transfer, temperature and its measurement (principle
of measurement, various instruments etc.). Zeroth law of thermodynamics, specific heat and
latent heat, point function, path function.

1) An open system is one in which

(a) mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so
(b) neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
(c) both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system
(d) mass crosses the boundary but not the energy

2) Intensive property of a system is one whose value

(a) depends on the mass of the system, like volume

(b) does not depend on the mass of the system, like temperature, pressure, etc.
(c) is not dependent on the path followed but on the state
(d) is dependent on the path followed and not on the state

3) A closed system is one in which

(a) mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so
(b) mass crosses the boundary but not the energy
(c) neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
(d) both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system

4) Work done in a free expansion process is

(a) + ve
(b) -ve
(c) zero
(d) minimum

5) Extensive property of a system is one whose value

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(a) depends on the mass of the system like volume
(b) does not depend on the mass of the system, like temperature, pressure, etc.
(c) is not dependent on the path followed but on the state
(d) is dependent on the path followed and not on the state

6) An isolated system is one in which

(a) mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so
(b) neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
(c) both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system
(d) mass crosses the boundary but not the energy

7) Which of the following quantities is NOT the property of the system

(a) pressure
(b) temperature
(c) specific volume
(d) heat

8) Which of the following is not the intensive property

(a) pressure
(b) temperature
(c) density
(d) entropy

9) Heat and work are

(a) point functions

(b) system properties
(c) path functions
(d) intensive properties

10) Zeroth law of thermodynamics

(a) deals with conversion of mass and energy

(b) deals with reversibility and irreversibility of process

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(c) states that if two systems are both in equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal
equilibrium with each other
(d) deals with heat engines

11) In an isothermal process, the internal energy of gas molecules

(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains constant
(d) may increase/decrease depending on the properties of gas

12) Work done is zero for the following process

(a) constant volume

(b) free expansion
(c) throttling
(d) all of the above

13) The basis for measuring thermodynamic property of temperature is given by

(a) zeroth law of thermodynamics

(b) first law of thermodynamics
(c) second law of thermodynamics
(d) third law of thermodynamics

14) The specific heat of air increases with increase in

(a) temperature
(b) pressure
(c) both pressure and temperature
(d) variation of its constituents

15) Isochoric process is one in which

(a) free expansion takes place

(b) Very little mechanical work is done by the system
(c) no mechanical work is done by the system
(d) all parameters remain constant

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 16) An adiabatic wall is one which

(a) prevents thermal interaction

(b) permits thermal interaction
(c) encourages thermal interaction
(d) discourages thermal interaction

17) A diathermic wall is one which

(a) prevents thermal interaction

(b) permits thermal interaction
(c) encourages thermal interaction
(d) discourages thermal interaction

18) In a steady state flow process taking place in a device with a single inlet and a single outlet,
the work done per unit mass flow rate is given by W =- ∫ , where v is the
specific volume and p is the pressure. The expression for W given above [GATE]

a) is valid only if the process is both reversible and adiabatic

b) is valid only if the process is both reversible and isothermal
c) is valid for any reversible process
d) is incorrect; it must be W =- ∫

19) An isolated thermodynamic system executes a process, choose the correct statement(s)
form the following [GATE-1999]
(a) No heat is transferred
(b) No work is done
(c) No mass flows across the boundary of the system
(d) all of the above

20) Heat and work are [GATE-2011]

(a) point functions and inexact differential
(b) point functions and exact differential
(c) path functions and exact differential
(d) path functions and inexact differential

21) Air is compressed adiabatically in a steady flow process with negligible change in potential
and kinetic energy. The Work done in the process is given by: [GATE-1996,IAS-2000]
Thermodynamics MCQ NKOCET Solapur
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(a) –∫Pdv (b) +∫Pdv (c) –∫vdp (d) +∫vdp

22) For reversible adiabatic compression in a steady flow process, the work transfer per unit
mass is: [GATE-1996]

(a) ∫ pdv (b) ∫vdp (c) ∫Tds (d) ∫ sdT

23) Consider the following properties: [IES-2009]

1. Temperature 2. Viscosity
3. Specific entropy 4. Thermal conductivity
Which of the above properties of a system is/are intensive?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

24) A control volume is [IES-2010]

(a) An isolated system
(b) A closed system but heat and work can cross the boundary
(c) A specific amount of mass in space
(d) A fixed region in space where mass, heat and work can cross the boundary of that region

25) A balloon containing an ideal gas is initially kept in an evacuated and insulated room. The
balloon ruptures and the gas fills up the entire room. Which one of the following statements
is TRUE at the end of above process? [GATE-2008]

(a) The internal energy of the gas decreases from its initial value, but the enthalpy
remains constant
(b) The internal energy of the gas increases from its initial value, but the enthalpy
remains constant
(c) Both internal energy and enthalpy of the gas remain constant
(d) Both internal energy and enthalpy of the gas increase

26) Which one of the following represents open thermodynamic system? [IES-2011]
(a) Manual ice cream freezer (b) Centrifugal pump
(c) Pressure cooker (d) Bomb calorimeter

27) Hot coffee stored in a well-insulated thermos flask is an example of [IES-2010]

(a) Isolated system (b) Closed system
(c) Open system (d) Non-flow adiabatic system

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28) Which one of the following correctly defines 1 K, as per the internationally accepted
definition of temperature scale? [IES-2004]
(a) 1/100th of the difference between normal boiling point and normal freezing point of water
(b) 1/273.15th of the normal freezing point of water
(c) 100 times the difference between the triple point of water and the normal freezing
point of water
(d) 1/273.15th of the triple point of water

29) Pressure reaches a value of absolute zero [IES-2002]

(a) At a temperature of – 273 K
(b) Under vacuum condition
(c) At the earth's centre
(d) When molecular momentum of system becomes zero

30) The time constant of a thermocouple is the time taken to attain: [IES-1997, 2010]
(a) The final value to he measured
(b) 50% of the value of the initial temperature difference
(c) 63.2% of the value of the initial temperature difference
d) 98.8% of the value of the initial temperature difference

31) Work transfer between the system and the surroundings [IES-2011]
(a) Is a point function (b) Is always given by ∫ pdv
(c) Is a function of pressure only (d) Depends on the path followed by the system

32) Thermodynamic work is the product of [IAS-1998]

(a) Two intensive properties
(b) Two extensive properties
(c) An intensive property and change in an extensive property
(d) An extensive property and change in an intensive property

33) For the expression ∫ pdv to represent the work, which of the following conditions should
apply? [IAS-2002]
(a) The system is closed one and process takes place in non-flow system
(b) The process is non-quasi static
(c) The boundary of the system should not move in order that work may be transferred
(d) If the system is open one, it should be non-reversible

34) In free expansion of a gas between two equilibrium states, the work transfer involved [IAS-
2001]
(a) Can be calculated by joining the two states on p-v coordinates by any path and
estimating the area below
(b) Can be calculated by joining the two states by a quasi-static path and then finding the area
below
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(c) Is zero
(d) Is equal to heat generated by friction during expansion

35) IES-21. Match items in List-I (Process) with those in List-II Characteristic) and select the
correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List-I List-II [IES-2001]

A. Throttling process 1. No work done

B. Isentropic process 2. No change in entropy
C. Free expansion 3. Constant internal energy
D. Isothermal process 4. Constant enthalpy

Codes: A B C D
a) 4 2 1 3
b) 1 2 4 3
c) 4 3 1 2
d) 1 3 4 2

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Chapter 02

First Law of Thermodynamics

First law of thermodynamics for a closed system undergoing a cycle and change of state,
Energy, different forms of energy, Enthalpy, PMM-I control volume. Application of first law of
steady flow processes (nozzle, turbine, compressor pump, boiler, throttle valve etc.)

36) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to other is
inferred from]
(a) zeroth low of thermodynamic
(b) first law of thermodynamics
(c) second law to thermodynamics
(d) basic law of thermodynamics

37) First law of thermodynamics furnishes the relationship between

(a) heat and work
(b) heat, work and properties of the system
(c) various properties of the system
(d) various thermodynamic processes

38) According to first law of thermodynamics

(a) work done by a system is equal to heat transferred by the system

(b) total internal energy of a system during a process remains constant
(c) internal energy, enthalpy and entropy during a process remain constant
(d) total energy of a system remains constant

39) Change in enthalpy in a closed system is equal to heat transferred if the reversible process
takes place at constant

(a) pressure
(b) temperature
(c) volume
(d) internal energy

40) Change in internal energy in a closed system is equal to heat transferred if the reversible
process takes place at constant
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(a) pressure
(b) temperature
(c) volume
(d) internal energy

41) Total heat of a substance is also known as

(a) internal energy

(b) entropy
(c) thermal capacity
(d) enthalpy

42) First law of thermodynamics

(a) enables to determine change in internal energy of the system

(b) does not help to predict whether the system will or not undergo a change
(c) does not enable to determine change in entropy
(d) all of the above.

43) According to first law of thermodynamics

(a) mass and energy are mutually convertible

(b) Carnot engine is most efficient
(c) heat and work are mutually convertible
(d) mass and light are mutually convertible

44) A small steam whistle (perfectly insulated and doing no shaft work) causes a drop of 0.8
kJ/kg in the enthalpy of steam from entry to exit. If the kinetic energy of the steam at entry is
negligible, the velocity of the steam at exit is
(A) 4 m/s (B) 40 m/s (C) 80 m/s (D) 120 m/s

45) A gas having a negative Joule-Thomson coefficient (m < 0), when throttled, will
(A) become cooler
(B) become warmer
(C) remain at the same temperature
(D) either be cooler or warmer depending on the type of gas

46) A positive value of Joule-Thomson coefficient of a fluid means

(A) temperature drops during throttling

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(B) temperature remains constant during throttling
(C) temperature rises during throttling
(D) None of the above

47) A reversible thermodynamic cycle containing only three processes and producing work is to
be constructed. The constraints are
(i) there must be one isothermal process,
(ii) there must be one isentropic process,
(iii) the maximum and minimum cycle pressures and the clearance volume are fixed &
(iv) Polytrophic processes are not allowed. Then the numbers of possible cycles are
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

48) Which combination of the following statements is correct?

P : A gas cools upon expansion only when its Joule-Thomson coefficient is positive in the
temperature range of expansion.
Q : For a system undergoing a process, its entropy remains constant only when the is
reversible.
R : The work done by closed system in an adiabatic is a point function.
S : A liquid expands upon freezing when the slope of its fusion curve on pressure-
Temperature diagram is negative.
(A) R and S (B) P and Q (C) Q, R and S (D) P, Q and R

49) Which of the following relationships is valid only for reversible processes undergone by a
closed system of simple compressible substance (neglect changes in kinetic and potential
energy ?
(A) dQ= dU+ dW (B) Tds= dU+ pdv (C) Tds= dU+ dW (D) dQ= dU+ pdv

50) In a steady state flow process taking place in a device with a single inlet and a single outlet,
the work done per unit mass flow rate is given by W =- ∫ , where v is the specific
volume and p is the pressure.
The expression for W given above
(A) is valid only if the process is both reversible and adiabatic
(B) is valid only if the process is both reversible and isothermal
(C) is valid for any reversible process
(D) is incorrect; it must be W =- ∫

51) Assume the above turbine to be part of a simple Rankine cycle. The density
of water at the inlet to the pump is 1000 kg/m3. Ignoring kinetic and potential energy effects,
the specific work (in kJ/kg) supplied to the pump is
(A) 0.293 (B) 0.351 (C) 2.930 (D) 3.510

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52) A compressor undergoes a reversible, steady flow process. The gas at inlet and outlet of the
compressor is designated as state 1 and state 2 respectively. Potential and kinetic energy
changes are to be ignored. The following notations are used :n= Specific volume and p =
pressure of the gas. The specific work required to be supplied to the compressor for this gas
compression process is
(A) ∫ (B) ∫ (C) v1(p2-p1) (D) –p2(v1-v2)

53) The contents of a well-insulated tank are heated by a resistor of 23 W in which 10A current
is flowing. Consider the tank along with its contents as a thermodynamic
system. The work done by the system and the heat transfer to the system are positive. The
rates of heat (Q), work (W) and change in internal energy (ΔU) during the process in kW are
(A) Q = 0,W=- 2.3,DU =+ 2.3
(B) Q =+ 2.3,W = 0,DU + 2.3
(C) Q =- 2.3,W= 0,DU =- 2.3

(D) Q = 0,W =+ 2.3,DU =- 2.3

54) Water has a critical specific volume of 0.003155m3/kg. A closed and rigid steel
tank of volume 0.025m3 contains a mixture of water and steam at 0.1MPa. The mass of the
mixture is 10 kg. The tank is now slowly heated. The liquid level inside the tank
(A) will rise
(B) will fall
(C) will remain constant
(D) may rise or fall depending on the amount of heat transferred

55) A gas is flowing through an adiabatic nozzle. If the inlet velocity of gas is negligible and
there is an enthalpy drop of 45 kJ/kg, the velocity of gas exiting the nozzle is
(A) 100m/s
(B) 200 m/s
(C) 300 m/s
(D) 350 m/s

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Chapter 03

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Limitation of first law of thermodynamics, cycle heat engine, refrigerator and heat pump,
Kelvin- Plank and Clausius statements and their equivalence, Reversibility and Irreversibility,
Carnot cycle, Carnot theorem, Absolute thermodynamic temperature scale

NPTEL Questions
56) A reversible heat engine operates between a source temperature of 6000C and a sink
temperature of 200C. What is the amount of heat absorbed per kW net output of the engine?
(A) 1205 W
(B) 1305 W
(C) 1405 W
(D) 1505 W

57) A reversible engine operates between temperature limits of 900 K and T2, and
another reversible engine operates between T2 and 400 K. For both the engines to be
equally efficient, T2 will be equal to
(A) 600K
(B) 650K
(C) 625 K
(D) 700K

58) Perpetual motion machine of the Second kind violates the

(A) First law of thermodynamics
(B) Kelvin–Planck statement
(C) Clausius statement
(D) Third law of thermodynamics
59) The more effective way of increasing the efficiency of a Carnot engine is to
(A) increase the higher temperature
(B) decrease the lower temperature
(C) decrease the higher temperature
(D) increase the lower temperature

60) A reversible refrigerator and a reversible heat pump operate between the same temperature
limits. If the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerator is 4, the COP of the heat
pump would be
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) Cannot be predicated
61) A condenser of a refrigeration system rejects 120 kW heat, while the power supplied is 30
kW. The COP of the system is

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 (A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5

GATE 2001 TWO MARKS

62) A cyclic heat engine does 50 kJ of work per cycle. If the efficiency of the heat engine is
75%, the heat rejected per cycle is
(A) 16 kJ (B) 33 kJ (C) 37 kJ (D) 66 kJ
GATE 2002 TWO MARKS
63) A Carnot cycle is having an efficiency of 0.75. If the temperature of the high temperature
reservoir is 7270C, what is the temperature of low temperature reservoir?
(A) 230C (B) -230C (C) 00C (D) 2500C
GATE 2004 TWO MARKS
64) A solar collector receiving solar radiation at the rate of 0.6 kW/m2 transforms it to the
internal energy of a fluid at an overall efficiency of 50%. The fluid heated to 250 K is used to
run a heat engine which rejects heat at 315 K. If the heat engine is to deliver 2.5 kW power,
the minimum area of the solar collector required would be
(A) 83.33 m2 (B) 16.66 m2 (C) 39.68 m2 (D) 79.36 m2
GATE 2007 TWO MARKS
65) A heat transformer is device that transfers a part of the heat, supplied to it at an
intermediate temperature, to a high temperature reservoir while rejecting the remaining part
to a low temperature heat sink. In such a heat transformer, 100 KJ of heat is supplied at 350
K. The maximum amount of heat in kJ that can be transferred to 400 K, when the rest is
rejected to a heat sink at 300 K is
(A) 12.50 (B) 14.29 (C) 33.33 (D) 57.14
GATE 2008 TWO MARKS
66) A cyclic device operates between three reservoirs, as shown in the figure. Heat is
transferred to/from the cycle device. It is assumed that heat transfer between each thermal
reservoir and the cyclic device takes place across negligible temperature difference.
Interactions between the cyclic device and the respective thermal reservoirs that are shown
in the figure are all in the form of heat transfer. The cyclic device can be

(A) a reversible heat engine

(B) a reversible heat pump or a reversible refrigerator
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(C) an irreversible heat engine
(D) an irreversible heat pump or an irreversible refrigerator
GATE 2009 TWO MARKS
67) An irreversible heat engine extracts heat from a high temperature source at a rate
of 100 kW and rejects heat to a sink at a rate of 50 kW. The entire work output of the heat
engine is used to drive a reversible heat pump operating between a set of independent
isothermal heat reservoirs at 170C and 750C. The rate (in kW) at which the heat pump
delivers heat to its high temperature sink is
(A) 50 (B) 250 (C) 300 (D) 360
GATE 2011 TWO MARKS
Common Data For below two questions
In an experimental set up, air flows between two stations P and Q adiabatically. The direction of
flow depends on the pressure and temperature conditions maintained at P and Q. The
conditions at station P are 150 kPa and 350 K. The temperature at station Q is 300 K.
The following are the properties and relations pertaining to air :
Specific heat at constant pressure, cp= 1.005 kJ/kgK;
Specific heat at constant volume, cv= 0.718 kJ/kgK;
Characteristic gas constant, R = 0.287 kJ/kgK
Enthalpy, h = cpT
Internal energy, u = cvT
68) If the air has to flow from station P to station Q, the maximum possible value of pressure in
kPa at station Q is close to
(A) 50 (B) 87 (C) 128 (D) 150
69) If the pressure at station Q is 50 kPa, the change in entropy (sQ- sP) in kJ/kgK is
(A) -0.155 (B) 0 (C) 0.160 (D) 0.355
GATE 2013 TWO MARKS
70) The pressure, temperature and velocity of air flowing in a pipe are 5 bar, 500 K
and 50 m/s, respectively. The specific heats of air at constant pressure and at constant volume
are 1.005 kJ/kg K and 0.718 kJ/kg K, respectively. Neglect potential energy. If the pressure and
temperature of the surrounding are 1 bar and 300 K, respectively, the available energy in kJ/kg
of the air stream is
(A) 170 (B) 187 (C) 191 (D) 213

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Chapter 04

Entropy

Introduction, Clausius theorem, T-s plot, Clausius inequality, Entropy and Irreversibility,
Entropy principle and its application, combined I and II law, Entropy and direction, Entropy
and disorder.

71) The entropy of an isolated system in a process

(A) can never increase
(B) can never decrease
(C) always remains constant
(D) is always negative
72) Only those processes are possible in nature for which the entropy change of the universe is
(A) 0
(B) +VE
(C) –VE
(D) infinite
73) Choose the correct statement
(A) The relation δQ=dE+δW is valid for any process, reversible or irreversible, and for any
system.
(B) The relation δQ=dU+δW is valid for any process, reversible or irreversible, and for any
system.
(C) The relation δQ=dU+pdV is valid for any reversible process
(D) The relation δQ=TdS is valid for any process
74) Choose the correct statement
(A) Entropy of a system can increase or decrease during heat rejection process
(B) A closed system can experience an increase in entropy only when there is
energy transfer by heat to the system during the process
(C) All slow processes must necessarily be reversible
(D) One corollary of the second law states that change in entropy of a closed system must
be greater than or equal to zero

75) Choose the correct statement

(A) The specific enthalpy and entropy of an ideal gas are function of temperature alone
(B) The specific internal energy and entropy of an ideal gas are function of
temperature alone
(C) The specific enthalpy and internal energy of an ideal gas are function of temperature
alone
(D) The specific enthalpy, internal energy and entropy of an ideal gas are function
of temperature alone

76) A spring is slowly stretched by a tensile force of 2 kN isothermally at 300 K. The rate of
change of entropy of the spring per unit length (in kJ/K) will be

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 (A) -0.00667
(B) -0.00667
(C) -150
(D) -300
77) A piston/cylinder assembly contains 2 kg of liquid water at 20°C, 100 kPa and it is
now heated to 300°C by a source at 500°C. A pressure of 1000 kPa will lift the piston off the
lower stops. The total entropy generation ( in kJ/K) will be

(A) 2.98
(B) 3.98
(C) 4.98
(D) 5.98

GATE 2010 ONE MARK

78) One kilogram of water at room temperature is brought into contact with a high temperature
thermal reservoir. The entropy change of the universe is
(A) equal to entropy change of the reservoir
(B) equal to entropy change of water
(C) equal to zero
(D) always positive
GATE 2010 TWO MARKS
79) Consider the following two processes ;
(a) A heat source at 1200 K loses 2500 kJ of heat to a sink at 800 K
(b) A heat source at 800 K loses 2000 kJ of heat to a sink at 500 K
Which of the following statements is true ?
(A) Process I is more irreversible than Process II
(B) Process II is more irreversible than Process I
(C) Irreversibility associated in both the processes are equal
(D) Both the processes are reversible
GATE 2012 ONE MARK

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80) A ideal gas of mass m and temperature T1 undergoes a reversible isothermal process from
an initial pressure p1 to final pressure p2. The heat loss during the process is Q. The entropy
change Δsof the gas is
(A) mRln( ) (B) mRln( ) (C) mRln )- (D) zero

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Chapter 05

Availability

Available energy pertaining a cycle, Quality of energy, law of degradation of energy,

maximum work in a reversible process, Dead state, Availability in steady flow and non-flow
processes, Second law efficiency.

81) Availability of a system at any given state is: [GATE-2000]

(a) A property of the system
(b) The maximum work obtainable as the system goes to dead state
(c) The total energy of the system
(d) The maximum useful work obtainable as the system goes to dead state

82) A heat reservoir at 900 K is brought into contact with the ambient at 300 K for a short time.
During this period 9000 kJ of heat is lost by the heat reservoir. The total loss in availability
due to this process is: [GATE-1995]

(a) 18000 kJ (b) 9000 kJ (c) 6000 kJ (d) None of the above

83) What will be the loss of available energy associated with the transfer of 1000 kJ of heat from
constant temperature system at 600 K to another at 400 K when the environment
temperature is 300 K? [IES-2004]

(a) 150 kJ (b) 250 kJ (c) 500 kJ (d) 700 kJ

84) A heat source H1 can supply 6000kJ/min. at 300°C and another heat source H2 can supply
60000 kJ/min. at 100°C. Which one of the following statements is correct if the surroundings
are at 27°C? [IES-2006]

(a) Both the heat sources have the same efficiency

(b) The first heat source has lower efficiency
(c) The second heat source has lower efficiency
(d) The first heat source produces higher power

85) Assertion (A): The change in availability of a system is equal to the change in the Gibbs
function of the system at constant temperature and pressure
Reason (R): The Gibbs function is useful when evaluating the availability of systems in
which chemical reactions occur. [IES-2006]

(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

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86) Neglecting changes in kinetic energy and potential energy, for unit mass the availability in a
non-flow process becomes a = ɸ - ɸo, where ɸ is the availability function of the [IES-1998]
(a) Open system (b) Closed system
(c) Isolated system (d) Steady flow process

87) Consider the following statements: [IES-1996]

1. Availability is generally conserved
2. Availability can either be negative or positive
3. Availability is the maximum theoretical work obtainable
4. Availability can be destroyed in irreversibility
Of these correct statements are:

(a) 3 and 4 (b) 1 and 2 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 4

88) Assertion (A): All constant entropy processes are adiabatic, but all adiabatic
processes are not isentropic. [IES-2006]
Reason (R): An adiabatic process which resists the exchange of energy to the
surroundings may have irreversibility due to friction and heat conduction.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

89) Which of the following statement is incorrect? [IES-1992]

(a) The greater the pressure difference in throttling the lesser the irreversibility
(b) The primary source of internal irreversibility in power is fluid friction in rotary
machines.
(c) The greater the irreversibility, the greater the increase in adiabatic process.
(d) The entropy of the universe is continually on the increase.

90) Increase in entropy of a system represents [IAS-1994]

(a) Increase in availability of energy (b) Increase in temperature
(c) Decrease in pressure (d) Degradation of energy

91) If u, T, v, s, hand p refer to internal energy, temperature, volume, entropy,

enthalpy and pressure respectively; and subscript 0 refers to environmental
conditions, availability function for a closed system is given by: [IAS-2003]
(a) u + Po v – To s (b) u – Po v+ To s

(c) h + Po v – Tos (d) h – Po v + To s

92) Assertion (A): The first-law efficiency evaluates the energy quantity utilization,
whereas the second-law efficiency evaluates the energy quality utilization.
Reason (R): The second-law efficiency for a process is defined as the ratio of
change of available energy of the source to the change of available energy of

Thermodynamics MCQ NKOCET Solapur

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the system. [IAS-1998]
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Thermodynamics MCQ NKOCET Solapur

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Chapter 06

Ideal Gas

Avogadro’s law, Equation of state, ideal gas and process, relation between Cp and Cv, other
equation of states.
Properties of Pure Substance: Phase change of pure substance, phase diagram of pure
substance, p-v, T-s, and h-s diagrams properties of steam, property table, representation of
processes of steam on p-v, T-s, and diagrams, Dryness fraction and its measurement.

93) When wet steam flows through a throttle valve and remains wet at exit
(a) its temperature and quality increases [GATE-1996]
(b) its temperature decreases but quality increases
(c) its temperature increases but quality decreases
(d) its temperature and quality decreases

94) When an ideal gas with constant specific heats is throttled adiabatically, with negligible
changes in kinetic and potential energies [GATE-2000]
(a ) Δh =0, ΔT = 0
(b) Δh >0, ΔT = 0
(c) Δh >0, ΔS > 0
(d ) Δh =0, ΔS > 0
Where h, T and S represent respectively, enthalpy, temperature and entropy, temperature and
entropy

95) With increase of pressure, the latent heat of steam [IES-2002]

(a) Remains same (b) Increases (c) Decreases (d) Behaves unpredictably

96) Which one of the following represents the condensation of a mixture of saturated liquid and
saturated vapour on the enthalpy-entropy diagram? [IES-2004]

(a) A horizontal line (b) An inclined line of constant slope

(c) A vertical line (d) A curved line

97) Saturated liquid at a high pressure P1 having enthalpy of saturated liquid 1000 kJ/kg is
throttled to a lower pressure P2. At pressure p2 enthalpy of saturated liquid and that of the
saturated vapour are 800 and 2800 kJ/kg respectively. The dryness fraction of vapour after
throttling process is: [IES-2003]

(a) 0.1 (b) 0.5 (c) 18/8 (d) 0.8

98) In throttling process which of the following parameters remains constant

Thermodynamics MCQ NKOCET Solapur
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(a) T (b)P (c) h (d) s

99) Entropy of a saturated liquid at 227°C is 2.6 kJ/kgK. Its latent heat of vaporization is 1800
kJ/kg; then the entropy of saturated vapour at 227°C would be: [IAS-2001]

(a) 2.88 kJ/kg K (b) 6.2 kJ/kg K (c) 7.93 kJ/kg K (d)
10.53 kJ/kg K
100) Constant pressure lines in the superheated region of the Mollier diagram have what type
of slope? [IAS-2007]

(a) A positive slope (b) A negative slope

(c) Zero slope (d) May have either positive or negative slopes

101) Assertion (A): In Mollier chart for steam, the constant pressure lines are straight lines in
wet region.
Reason (R): The slope of constant pressure lines in wet region is equal to T. [IAS-1995]
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

102) Dryness fraction of steam means the mass ratio of [IAS-2001]

(a) Wet steam, to dry steam (b) Dry steam to water particles in steam
(c) Water particles to total steam (d) Dry steam to total steam

103) Assertion (A): Throttle governing is thermodynamically more efficient than nozzle control
governing for steam turbines. [IAS-2000]
Reason (R): Throttling process conserves the total enthalpy.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

104) A mono-atomic ideal l gas (γ = 1.67, molecular weight = 40) is compressed adiabatically
from 0.1 MPa, 300 K to 0.2 MPa. The universal gas constant is 8.314 kJ kmol-1K-1. The
work of compression of the gas (in kJ kg-1) is: [GATE-2010]
(a) 29.7 (b) 19.9 (c) 13.3 (d) 0

105) A 100 W electric bulb was switched on in a 2.5 m × 3 m × 3 m size thermally insulated
room having a temperature of 20°C. The room temperature at the end of 24 hours will be
[GATE-2006]
(a) 321°C (b) 341°C (c) 450°C (d) 470°C

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106) In a reversible isothermal expansion process, the fluid expands from 10 bar and 2 m3 to
2 bar and 10m3, during the process the heat supplied is 100 kW. What is the work done
during the process? [IES-2009]
(a) 33.3 kW (b) 100 kW (c) 80 kW (d) 20 kW

107) Consider an ideal gas contained in vessel. If intermolecular interaction suddenly begins
to act, which of the following happens? [IES-1992]
(a) The pressure increase (b) The pressure remains unchanged
(c) The pressure increase (d) The gas collapses

108) Consider the following statements: [IES-2000]

A real gas obeys perfect gas law at a very
1. High temperature 2. High-pressure 3. Low pressure
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 alone (b) 1 and 3 (c) 2 alone (d) 3 alone

109) The correct sequence of the decreasing order of the value of characteristic gas
constants of the given gases is: [IES-1995]
(a) Hydrogen, nitrogen, air, carbon dioxide
(b) Carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen, air
(c) Air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen
(d) Nitrogen, air, hydrogen, carbon dioxide

110) Pressure reaches a value of absolute zero [IES-2002]

(a) At a temperature of -273K
(b) Under vacuum condition
(c) At the earth’s centre
(d) When molecular momentum of system becomes zero

111) Reduced pressure is [IES-2011]

(a) Always less than atmospheric pressure (b) Always unity
(c) An index of molecular position of a gas (d) Dimensionless

112) Which of the following statement about Van der waal's equation i valid? [IES-1992]
(a) It is valid for all pressure and temperatures
(b) It represents a straight line on pv versus v plot
(c) It has three roots of identical value at the critical point
(d) The equation is valid for diatomic gases only.

113) Which one of the following statements is correct? [IES-2007]

(a) Compressibility factor is unity for ideal gases
(b) Compressibility factor is zero for ideal gases
(c) Compressibility factor is lesser than unity for ideal gases
(d) Compressibility factor is more than unity for ideal gases

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114) A balloon which is initially collapsed and flat is slowly filled with a gas at 100 kPa so as
to form it into a sphere of 1 m radius. What is the work done by the gas in the balloon during
the filling process? [IES-2008]
(a) 428·9 kJ (b) 418·9 kJ (c) 420·9 kJ (d) 416·9 kJ

115) The work done during expansion of a gas is independent of pressure if the expansion
takes place [IES-1992]
(a) Isothermally (b) Adiabatically
(c) In both the above cases (d) In none of the above cases

116) Change in enthalpy in a closed system is equal to the heat transferred, if the reversible
process takes place at [IES-2005]
(a) Temperature (b) Internal energy (c) Pressure (d) Entropy

117) A saturated vapour is compressed to half its volume without changing its temperature.
The result is that: [IES-1997]
(a) All the vapour condenses to liquid
(b) Some of the liquid evaporates and the pressure does not change
(c) The pressure is double its initial value
(d) Some of the vapour condenses and the pressure does not change

118) An ideal gas at 27°C is heated at constant pressure till its volume becomes three times.
[IES-2008]
What would be then the temperature of gas?
(a) 81° C (b) 627° C (c) 543° C (d) 327° C

119) Which one of the following thermodynamic processes approximates the steaming of food
in a pressure cooker? [IES-2007]
(a) Isenthalpic (b) Isobaric
(c) Isochoric (d) Isothermal

120) A system at a given state undergoes change through the following expansion processes
to reach the same final volume [IES-1994]
1. Isothermal 2. Isobaric 3. Adiabatic ( γ = 1.4) 4. Polytropic(n =1.3)
The correct ascending order of the work output in these four processes is
(a) 3, 4, 1, 2 (b) 1, 4, 3, 2 (c) 4, 1, 3, 2 (d) 4, 1, 2, 3

121) Match the curves in Diagram-I with the curves in Diagram-II and select the correct
answer. [IES-1996]

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Code: ABCD ABCD
(a) 3 2 4 5 (b) 2 3 4 5
(c) 2 3 4 1 (d) 1 4 2 3

122) Variation of pressure and volume at constant temperature are correlated through [IAS-
2002]
(a) Charles law (b) Boyle’s law (c) Joule’s Law
(d) Gay Lussac’s Law

123) Identify the process of change of a close system in which the work transfer is maximum.
[IAS-2003]
(a) Isothermal (b) Isochoric (c) Isentropic (d) Polytrophic

124) In respect of a closed system, when an ideal gas undergoes a reversible isothermal
process, the [IAS-2000]
(a) Heat transfer is zero (b) Change in internal energy is equal to work transfer
(c) Work transfer is zero (d) Heat transfer is equal to work transfer

125) For a non-flow constant pressure process the heat exchange is equal to: [IAS-2003]
(a) Zero (b) The work done
(c) The change in internal energy (d) The change in enthalpy

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