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Data_Structures_Explanations

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5 views

Data_Structures_Explanations

Uploaded by

alexanderthuranira287
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Structures: Linked Lists, Stacks, Trees, Graphs, and Queue

1. Linked Lists

Definition:

A linked list is a dynamic data structure where elements (nodes) are stored in sequence.

Each node contains two parts: data and a pointer to the next node.

Advantages:

1. Dynamic size.

2. Ease of insertion and deletion.

Disadvantages:

1. Increased memory usage due to pointers.

2. No random access to elements.

Applications:

1. Memory management.

2. Implementing stacks and queues.

3. Undo mechanisms in software.

2. Stacks

Definition:

A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle.

Elements are added and removed from the top.


Advantages:

1. Simple to implement.

2. Supports recursion and backtracking.

Disadvantages:

1. Only the top element is accessible.

2. Risk of overflow and underflow.

Applications:

1. Expression evaluation and parsing.

2. Function call management in programming.

3. Backtracking algorithms.

3. Trees

Definition:

A tree is a hierarchical structure where nodes are connected, forming parent-child relationships.

It starts from the root node and branches out into subtrees.

Advantages:

1. Efficient for hierarchical data representation.

2. Fast searching, inserting, and deleting in balanced trees.

Disadvantages:

1. Complex to implement and maintain.

2. Requires extra memory for pointers.


Applications:

1. File systems.

2. Database indexing.

3. Decision-making algorithms in AI.

4. Graphs

Definition:

A graph consists of vertices (nodes) and edges (connections). It can be directed (with direction)

or undirected (without direction).

Advantages:

1. Models complex relationships.

2. Efficient representation of networks.

Disadvantages:

1. Complex traversal and manipulation.

2. Requires significant memory for large graphs.

Applications:

1. Social networks and web links.

2. Network routing and algorithms.

3. Graph-based databases.

5. Queue

Definition:

A queue is a linear structure that follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle.
Elements are added at the rear and removed from the front.

Advantages:

1. Simple to implement and manage tasks in order.

2. Ensures orderly processing of tasks.

Disadvantages:

1. Limited access to only front and rear elements.

2. Inefficient for operations like inserting in the middle.

Applications:

1. CPU task scheduling.

2. Printer queue management.

3. Breadth-first search in graphs.

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