Web Technology (8CS502) 2024-25 (Odd Semester) [ Dr. Aadarsh Malviya DGI] TITTP Request Methods What is HTTP? The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is designed to enable communications between clients and servers. LITTP works as a request-response protocol between a client and server. Example: A client (browser) sends an HTTP request to the server; then the server returns a response to the client. The response contains status information about the request and may also contain the requested content, HTTP Methods + GET POsT PUT HEAD DELETE PATCH OPTIONS CONNECT TRACE The two most common HTTP methods are: GET and POST. The GET Method GET is used to request data from a specified resource Note that the query string (name/value pairs) is sent in the URL of a GET request test/demo_form.php?namel=value &name2=value? Some notes on GET request GET requests can be cached GET requests remain in the browser history GET requests can be bookmarked GET requests should never be used when dealing with sensitive data T requests have length restrictions requests are only used to request data (not modify) GE The POST Method POST js used to send data to a server to create/update a resource, ‘The data sent to the server with POST is stored in the request body of the HTTP request: POST /test/demo_form.php HTTP/1.1 Host: w3schools.com name1-value1 mame2-value2 Somte notes on POST requests: + POST requests are never cached + POST requests do not remain in the browser history + POST requests cannot be bookmarked + POST requests have no restrictions on data length Compare GET vs. POST The following table compares the two HTTP methods: GET and POST. 28Web Technology (8CS502) 2024-25 (Odd Semester) [ Dr. Aadarsh Malviya DGI] BACK tana owmless ata wl be e-sunited(e ser should fer he user thatthe data are abut be re Submit) Bookmarked an be bookmarked cnet be bookmarked Excoing S08 spaeatencwieform-utencoded splcatoncwne-fom-urencaded oe fer nary dota Resins on dat ent ‘Yes whan sanding data the GET maths ads No eetictons the date tone URL; and the engin t+ URLs lites sium UR length ie 2088 esttions on data tye Only ASCH characters allowed Ne esicions leary data is so allowed seouty GET is ae seers compared ta POST because POST eit safer han GET becausa the dat sents par of te URL, Darameters arent sted in browse istry frie neb server noe Never use GET when sendin passwords oe ‘ther sentiveiformation” sbi ata is vile to evervone inthe URL ata isnot spayed inthe URL The PUT Method PUT is used to send data to a server to create/update a resource. The difference between POST and PUT is that PUT requests are idempotent. That is, calling the same PUT request multiple times will always produce the same result, In contrast, calling a POST request repeatedly have side effects of creating the same resource multiple times. The HEAD Method HEAD is almost identical to GET, but without the response body. In other words, if GET users returns a list of users, then HEAD /users will make the same request but will not retum the list of users. ATIEAD request is useful for checking what a GET request will retum before actually making a GET request - a HEAD request can read the Content-Length header to check the size of the file, without actually downloading the file. The DELETE Method ‘The DELETE method deletes the specified resource, The PATCH Method The PATCH method is used to apply partial modifications to a resource. The OPTIONS Method ‘The OPTIONS method describes the communication options for the target resource. The CONNECT Method The CONNECT method is used to start a two-way communications (a tunnel) with the requested resource. The TRACE Method The TRACE method is used to perform a message loop-back test that tests the path for the target resource (useful for debugging purposes) 25