Nguyễn Ngọc Bình - 22158048

Unit 3

Task 1: Discuss the ways of capturing and transferring an image into a

computer. Make a list

Scanners, digital cameras, smartphones and tablets, webcams.

Task 2:

1. What is document scanning?

2. What types of documents can we scan?

There are two main types of scanners: drum scanners and flatbed
scanners.

3. If we scan a document with the size of 6X4 inches at 150 dpi, how many
pixels can we create?
In this case, we handle it like this:
The size of 6X4 inches, resolution = 150 dpi.
The calculation would be:
Total number of pixels = (6 inches × 150 dpi) ×(4 inches × 150 dpi)
= 900 pixels/inch × 600 pixels/inch = 540,000 pixels.

=>If we scan a document with the size of 6X4 inches at 150 dpi, 540,000
pixels can we create.

4. What’s the function of photomultipliers (PTM) and CCD cells in scanners?

Photomultipliers (PTM): These components amplify incoming light
signals captured by the scanner, ensuring even weak signals are
accurately detected and translated into digital information.

CCD cells: CCD cells capture light signals, acting as an array of light-
sensitive elements. When exposed to light, each cell generates an
electrical charge proportional to the light's intensity. This charge is
 transferred along the array and read out to create a digital
representation of the scanned image. High-quality
CCD cells with a long life span are extremely expensive to produce.

5. Tell the advantages of PTM over CCD cells

Accuracy in light signal translation: PTM exhibits superior
precision in interpreting light signals, particularly evident in areas of
low illumination within images.
Maintenance of quality over time: PTM demonstrates resilience
against the effects of aging compared to CCD cells, ensuring
consistent color reproduction and tonal accuracy over prolonged
periods.
Increased Stability and Extended Lifespan: PTM boasts greater
stability and durability, outlasting CCD cells and maintaining
scanning quality with minimal degradation over time.

Task 3: Underline the phrases in these sentences

1. A particular color can be perceived in different ways depending on the

color it is placed next to.
2. A surface that looks red under white light will be perceived as orange if
illuminated by yellow light, for example.
3. The type of off press processing (postpress) you'll be doing in phase eight
might determine what paper you need to use in the original design concept.
4. It is an important step in the process, as it is the last opportunity to check the
material and make any necessary changes
5. Once the proofs are approved, it's time to make the printing plate that will be
used to strike the actual prints.
6. In order to transfer original images to a computer for viewing and editing,
you use a scanner, which reads the original image and converts it into a
digital image.
7. In a drum scanner, the originals are mounted on a glass drum, while in a
flatbed scanner they are placed on a flat glass surface, much like they would
be in a copier.
 8. When scanning an image, the scanner divides the surface of the original
image into a checkered pattern, in which every little square corresponds to a
scanning point.
9. The light that is reflected (if you are using reflective art) or transmitted (if
you are using transparent art) from the scanning point will pick up the color
from the respective point on the original image.
10. The quality of the photo multipliers or CCD cells in a scanner is important
for ensuring the correct translation of light signals.

Task 4: What are slides? Tell the reason why they are so called.

The black areas on the film correspond to the areas that will be printed
on the sheet (printing elements - ink-receptive elements), whereas the clear
areas on the film correspond to the areas that will not be printed on the sheet
(non-printing elements - ink-repellent elements).

The reason why they are so called.

If according to design intent, the film is intended for reflective printing, with
the black areas representing the printing elements to print the background
while the clear areas represent the non-printing elements to create text, then
that film is a positive film.

Task 5: Complete the text by filling in the blanks with appropriate words
given below.

A scanner is an …… electronic …….. device which can capture ……

images …… from physical items and convert them into …… digital …….
formats, which in turn can be stored in a computer, and viewed or modified
using …… software …… applications.
Different types of scanners are available with different …… quality ……. In
the world of electronic data transmission, …… scanning …….. is
 considered to be the most cost-effective and reliable way of ……
transmitting ……… images.
Prominent features of a scanner include:
…… Reliability ……….- Unlike certain forms of data transmission,
scanning involves only transfer of hard images to digital forms. The role of
the end-user is limited in case of scanning. And as they are not dependent on
two-way communication, they can also help in storing important information
or transmitting important
information.
Efficiency - Modern scanners are built for efficiency and speed. And it
comes with ease of use as well as convenience.

…… Resolutions ……… - Scanning ensures the best resolution possible

for digital images. Compared to fax machines, which may find it difficult to
reproduce the accurate details, scanners can reproduce images with high
resolution and precisions.
……… Cost-saving …….. - One of the biggest advantage of scanning is the
replacement of physical files/forms with digital ones. Along with saving
physical space, which has to be used for storage, there are also
environmental benefits by using scanner.

Task 6: Word formation - Complete the table below with related nouns of
the verbs in Column.

Verbs Nouns denote objects, Nouns express activities

events, persons
Design Designer, designation, design Conceptualizing, designing,
brainstorming

Process Progression, process, procedurality, Processing, implementing, optimizing

processor

Print Printer, printshop, printmaker, Publishing, printing, distributing

printing technician
Scan Scanner, scan, scanning technician, Scanning, selecting, adjusting
scanner operator

Edit Edit, editor, edition, proofreader, Editing, proofreading, cutting, adding,

editing project revising

Light Light, illumination, light source, Lighting, brightening, switching

reflection on/off, dimming

Make sentences to show different meanings of these words

Verbs Nouns denote objects, Nouns express activities

events, persons
Design The company hired a graphic The team spent weeks designing the
designer to overhaul their website's new product prototype before
visual appeal. moving to production.

Process The smartwatch processor makes This company has an automated

health tracking easier. processing system that speeds up the
production process.

Pritnt The printer promised to deliver the Digital printing allows for quick
brochures by tomorrow. turnaround times compared to
traditional offset printing methods.

Scan The scanner at the print shop offers Scanning the barcode at the grocery
high-resolution scanning services for store checkout automatically updates
artworks and documents. the inventory system.

Edit The first edition of the book is Video editing software allows for
highly sought after by collectors for precise editing of footage, including
its rarity and historical significance. adding effects and transitions

Light The photographer adjusted the angle The new LED lights in the kitchen
to capture the perfect reflection of are brightening up the room
the city skyline in the glass building. significantly.
Task 8: Fill in the gaps of these sentences with suitable forms of: design,
process, print, scan, edit, light, standard, digit, minimum, computer

1. ……Light…… condition is the most important factor in ……

printing…….. process.
2. Your perception of color can be changed under different ….light…..
sources.
3. To ……minimum……… errors in color ……process………., you
should understand color……standards…….. set up by CIELAB.
4. Nowadays, ……printed…… products must meet high …… standards
……….. in regulations of environment protection.
5. To become a good …… designer ……… in graphic arts, students must
have both knowledge and skills in ………design……. and printing
technology.
6. One of the latest developments is ……digital…….. printing which is
now increasingly used.
7. A ……scanner…….. is a device that optically scans images, text and
converts them into a ……digital…….. image.
8. For high-speed ……scanning………., a drum ……scanner………. Is
often recommended.
9. Digital video ……editing……. software is software that allows users to
use ……computer…… to ……edit…… video and audio.
10. ………Digitization ……… is the process of converting information
into a ……digital……. Format while ………computing ……… is the
implementation and usage of ……computer………. devices to perform
complex operations on behalf of human.

Task 9: Use appropriate information from the text to complete this table of
differences between two main types of scanner.

Drum scanner Flatbed scanner

Kind of originals Flexible Flexible, inflexible

Price Expensive Cheaper

Shape of originals Glass drum Flat glass plate
mounting part
Quality & High quality and Varies lower
productivity productivity than drum scanners

Receiver of light Photomultipliers or CCD CCD cells

signals cells

Task 10: Listen to Recording 1 about scanners and then answer these

questions.

1. What do CCD and CIS stand for?

CCD stands for Charge-Coupled Device, and CIS stands for Contact
Image Sensor. CCD scanners use an array of light-sensitive diodes to
capture high-quality images, while CIS scanners utilize a linear array of
light sensors for cost-effective and compact scanning.

2. If you want to buy a suitable scanner, what and where should you
check?
When buying a scanner, consider the following factors to ensure you
get a suitable device:
Scanning needs, scanning speed, connectivity, price and budget.,,,,

3. What are the advantages & disadvantages of CIS over CCD?

 Advantages of CIS scanners: They are compact, consume less power,
cost-effective, have faster warm-up times, and are less prone to
mechanical failures.
Disadvantages of CIS scanners: They may offer lower image quality,
have limited depth of field, struggle with subtle tonal differences, and
may not be compatible with certain media types compared to CCD
scanners.