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CHAPTER 1 RESEARCH MCQS
Introduction to Research (MCQs)
1. What is the primary objective of research?
a) To explore and generate new knowledge b) To verify existing knowledge c) To solve specific problems d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of research?
a) Systematic b) Subjective c) Empirical d) Logical Answer: b) Subjective
3. What does "applied research" focus on?
a) Developing theories b) Solving practical problems c) Testing hypotheses d) Generating abstract ideas Answer: b) Solving practical problems
4. Which type of research involves understanding phenomena
through observation and theory-building? a) Experimental research b) Descriptive research c) Basic research d) Historical research Answer: c) Basic research
5. What is the first step in the research process?
a) Hypothesis formulation b) Literature review c) Identifying the problem d) Data collection Answer: c) Identifying the problem
Types of Research (MCQs)
6. Which type of research focuses on "what is happening now"?
a) Descriptive research b) Historical research c) Experimental research d) Predictive research Answer: a) Descriptive research
7. Action research is mainly used in which field?
a) Education b) Healthcare c) Business d) Agriculture Answer: a) Education
8. Which research method involves manipulating variables to
observe changes? a) Experimental research b) Analytical research c) Exploratory research d) Fundamental research Answer: a) Experimental research
9. "Ex post facto" research refers to:
a) Experimental research conducted after an event b) Research focused on past records c) Research based on future predictions d) Research without active intervention by the researcher Answer: d) Research without active intervention by the researcher
10. Which research type is conducted to gain insights into
problems with limited or no prior information? a) Exploratory research b) Descriptive research c) Explanatory research d) Correlational research Answer: a) Exploratory research
Criteria, Characteristics, and Challenges for Ideal Research (MCQs)
11. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for ideal
research? a) Objectivity b) Reliability c) Emotional bias d) Validity Answer: c) Emotional bias
12. What is a major challenge faced during research?
a) Lack of funding b) Time constraints c) Availability of accurate data d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
13. What does "validity" in research mean?
a) Consistency of results over time b) Accuracy in measuring what is intended to be measured c) Speed of conducting research d) None of the above Answer: b) Accuracy in measuring what is intended to be measured
14. An ideal research study must be:
a) Generalizable b) Biased c) Ambiguous d) Inconsistent Answer: a) Generalizable
15. Which factor commonly affects the reliability of
research results? a) Sample size b) Researcher's bias c) Data collection methods d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Qualitative Requirements and Dissemination of Research (MCQs)
16. What does dissemination of research mean?
a) Collecting research data b) Distributing research findings c) Archiving research results d) Peer-reviewing research articles Answer: b) Distributing research findings
17. Which method is commonly used to disseminate
research findings? a) Conferences b) Journals c) Online platforms d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above 18. What does "peer-reviewed" research ensure? a) Funding availability b) High-quality research c) Speedy publication d) Legal protection of findings Answer: b) High-quality research
19. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative requirement
in research? a) Objectivity b) Reproducibility c) Unsystematic approach d) Ethical conduct Answer: c) Unsystematic approach
20. Ethical requirements in research include:
a) Voluntary participation of respondents b) Ensuring confidentiality c) Avoiding data fabrication d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Concepts Used in Business Research (MCQs)
21. What is the primary purpose of business research?
a) Forecasting market trends b) Improving decision-making c) Identifying opportunities and threats d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
22. What is the Delphi technique used for?
a) Collecting large-scale survey data b) Gaining expert opinions on business issues c) Statistical analysis of market trends d) Identifying consumer behavior Answer: b) Gaining expert opinions on business issues
23. What does a SWOT analysis in business research focus
on? a) Sales, Wages, Operations, Taxation b) Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats c) Social Welfare Opportunities Today d) Strategic Workforce Orientation Tool Answer: b) Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats 24. Which tool is used in business research to study consumer preferences? a) Cluster analysis b) Conjoint analysis c) Regression analysis d) ANOVA Answer: b) Conjoint analysis
25. Which of the following is a key concept in market
research? a) Market segmentation b) Customer profiling c) Demand forecasting d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research (MCQs)
26. Which of the following is an example of qualitative
research? a) Case study b) Statistical surveys c) Numerical data analysis d) Experimental trials Answer: a) Case study
27. Quantitative research deals primarily with:
a) Emotions and experiences b) Numerical and statistical data c) Open-ended questions d) Focus groups Answer: b) Numerical and statistical data
28. A key characteristic of qualitative research is:
a) Structured data collection b) Flexibility in design c) Use of large sample sizes d) Rigid analysis Answer: b) Flexibility in design
29. Which research method is best suited for hypothesis
testing? a) Quantitative research b) Qualitative research c) Observational research d) Ethnographic research Answer: a) Quantitative research
30. Which of the following tools is commonly used in
qualitative research? a) Focus groups b) Surveys c) Statistical software d) Experimental trials Answer: a) Focus groups
Introduction, Scope, and Application of Research – Additional
MCQs
Introduction to Research (More MCQs)
1. Which of the following best defines research?
a) A systematic inquiry to gain knowledge b) Random collection of data c) A one-time effort to gather opinions d) Publishing already known facts Answer: a) A systematic inquiry to gain knowledge
2. Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of
research? a) Subjective opinions b) Systematic and organized process c) Unreliable sources of information d) Accidental findings Answer: b) Systematic and organized process
3. What is "deductive reasoning" in research?
a) Moving from general to specific conclusions b) Moving from specific to general conclusions c) Observing patterns in data d) Conducting experiments to test ideas Answer: a) Moving from general to specific conclusions
4. In research, which term describes the accuracy and
trustworthiness of data? a) Reliability b) Validity c) Objectivity d) Reproducibility Answer: b) Validity 5. What is the goal of fundamental (basic) research? a) Solve specific problems b) Add to the existing body of knowledge c) Develop commercial applications d) Increase organizational profits Answer: b) Add to the existing body of knowledge
Types of Research (More MCQs)
6. Correlational research is used to:
a) Determine cause-and-effect relationships b) Analyze relationships between variables c) Explore new areas of study d) Test the feasibility of a study Answer: b) Analyze relationships between variables
7. Which type of research is conducted to solve an immediate
problem? a) Fundamental research b) Applied research c) Exploratory research d) Quantitative research Answer: b) Applied research
8. Which of the following research types focuses on reviewing
past records? a) Historical research b) Descriptive research c) Predictive research d) Experimental research Answer: a) Historical research
9. Which research is used to forecast future trends?
a) Predictive research b) Exploratory research c) Experimental research d) Basic research Answer: a) Predictive research
10. In which type of research is a hypothesis mandatory?
a) Descriptive research b) Exploratory research c) Experimental research d) Historical research Answer: c) Experimental research Criteria, Characteristics, and Challenges for Ideal Research (More MCQs)
11. Which characteristic ensures that research findings are
replicable? a) Validity b) Reliability c) Objectivity d) Precision Answer: b) Reliability
12. What does "objectivity" in research mean?
a) Personal opinions of the researcher are important b) Research must be free from bias c) Findings should be aligned with researcher preferences d) Results must always be qualitative Answer: b) Research must be free from bias
13. Which of the following is NOT a challenge in conducting
research? a) Time constraints b) Availability of reliable data c) Clarity of research objectives d) Research funding Answer: c) Clarity of research objectives
14. An ethical researcher must:
a) Fabricate data for convenience b) Maintain confidentiality of participants c) Copy data from other studies d) Avoid publishing results Answer: b) Maintain confidentiality of participants
15. Which of the following characteristics is essential for an
ideal research question? a) Vague and complex b) Clear and specific c) Irrelevant to the field of study d) Focused on subjective opinions Answer: b) Clear and specific
Dissemination of research results involves:
a) Conducting surveys b) Communicating findings to stakeholders c) Collecting data from the field d) Analyzing statistical trends Answer: b) Communicating findings to stakeholders
16. Which of the following is NOT a method for
disseminating research? a) Conferences b) Publication in peer-reviewed journals c) Data manipulation d) Online platforms Answer: c) Data manipulation
17. What is meant by “reproducibility” in research?
a) Research results can be duplicated by others b) Research findings are generalized easily c) The research is highly subjective d) Results are kept confidential Answer: a) Research results can be duplicated by others
18. Which term refers to sharing research in an easily
understandable manner? a) Research ethics b) Knowledge translation c) Analytical interpretation d) Statistical modeling Answer: b) Knowledge translation
19. What ensures ethical dissemination of research?
a) Avoiding misrepresentation of findings b) Plagiarizing other researchers' work c) Exaggerating results to attract attention d) Hiding key findings from stakeholders Answer: a) Avoiding misrepresentation of findings
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research (More MCQs)
21. What is the primary aim of qualitative research?
a) Understanding underlying meanings and patterns b) Testing hypotheses with numerical data c) Predicting outcomes using large datasets d) Drawing mathematical models for relationships Answer: a) Understanding underlying meanings and patterns
22. Quantitative research often uses:
a) Open-ended interviews b) Statistical tools and software c) Thematic analysis d) Participant observation Answer: b) Statistical tools and software
23. Which type of research is typically smaller in scale but
deeper in focus? a) Quantitative research b) Qualitative research c) Experimental research d) Correlational research Answer: b) Qualitative research
24. Which of the following tools is used in quantitative
research? a) SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) b) NVivo c) Focus groups d) Participant diaries Answer: a) SPSS
25. Qualitative research typically results in:
a) Numbers and graphs b) Detailed narratives and patterns c) Mathematical models d) Regression equations Answer: b) Detailed narratives and patterns
Concepts Used in Business Research (More MCQs)
26. Which of the following is an example of a dependent
variable in business research? a) Advertising expenditure b) Sales revenue c) Market competition d) Management style Answer: b) Sales revenue
27. In business research, what does a "sample" refer to?
a) The entire population being studied b) A subset of the population c) The final research report d) A theoretical framework Answer: b) A subset of the population 28. Which tool is used to identify the root cause of business issues? a) Pareto analysis b) Cluster analysis c) SWOT analysis d) Regression analysis Answer: a) Pareto analysis
29. What is the primary goal of a hypothesis in business
research? a) To provide background information b) To test a potential relationship or outcome c) To write a conclusion d) To collect data Answer: b) To test a potential relationship or outcome
30. Which type of analysis is used to understand
relationships between variables? a) Descriptive analysis b) Correlation analysis c) Thematic analysis d) Exploratory analysis Answer: b) Correlation analysis