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Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

File: Chapter 006 Inventory and Costs of Goods Sold

True/False

[Question]
1. Inventory is usually reported as a long-term asset in the balance sheet.
Answer: False
Feedback: Inventory is typically reported as a current asset because companies expect to convert
it to cash in the near term.
Learning Objective: 06-01
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Reporting Inventory

[Question]
2. Cost of goods sold is an asset reported in the balance sheet and inventory is an expense
reported in the income statement.
Answer: False
Feedback: Cost of goods sold is an expense reported in the income statement and inventory is an
asset reported in the balance sheet.
Learning Objective: 06-01
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Reporting Inventory
Topic: Reporting Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
3. Merchandising companies purchase inventories that are primarily in finished form for resale to
customers.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-01
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Merchandising Companies

[Question]
4. Cost of goods sold is an expense reported in the income statement and represents the cost of
inventory sold during the period.
Answer: True

6-1
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Learning Objective: 06-02


Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Reporting Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
5. If a company has beginning inventory of $15,000, purchases during the year of $75,000, and
ending inventory of $20,000, cost of goods sold equals $70,000.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Apply
Topic: Cost of Goods Sold Calculation

[Question]
6. A multiple-step income statement reports multiple levels of profitability, such as gross profit,
operating income, income before income taxes, and net income.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
7. Gross profit equals net sales of inventory less cost of goods sold.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
8. Sales revenue minus cost of goods sold is referred to as operating income.
Answer: False
Feedback: Sales revenue minus cost of goods sold equals gross profit.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking

6-2
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
9. Income before income taxes equals operating income plus nonoperating revenues less
nonoperating expenses.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
10. If a company has ending inventory of $25,000, purchases during the year of $95,000, and
beginning inventory of $30,000, cost of goods sold equals $90,000.
Answer: False
Feedback: Beginning Inventory ($30,000) + Purchases ($95,000) − Ending Inventory ($25,000)
= Cost of Goods Sold ($100,000).
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Apply
Topic: Cost of Goods Sold Calculation

[Question]
11. Companies are not allowed to report inventory costs by assuming which units of inventory
are sold and which units still remain on hand.
Answer: False
Feedback: Companies can assume which inventory units are sold and still remain on hand using
a variety of methods (FIFO, LIFO, and weighted-average cost).
Learning Objective: 06-03
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Inventory Costing

[Question]
12. Using the first-in, first-out method (FIFO), the first units purchased are assumed to be the
first ones sold.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-03

6-3
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: FIFO Method

[Question]
13. Using the weighted-average cost method, the average cost of inventory is calculated as the
average unit cost of inventory purchased during the year.
Answer: False
Feedback: The average is a weighted-average cost which includes both beginning inventory and
purchases and is equal to total cost of goods available for sale divided by the total number of
units available for sale.
Learning Objective: 06-03
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Weighted-Average Method

[Question]
14. Companies are free to choose FIFO, LIFO, or weighted-average cost to report inventory and
cost of goods sold.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Choice of Inventory Reporting Methods

[Question]
15. For most companies, actual physical flow of their inventory follows LIFO.
Answer: False
Feedback: Most often, the actual physical flow of goods follows FIFO.
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Choice of Inventory Reporting Methods

[Question]
16. During periods of rising costs, FIFO generally results in a higher ending inventory balance.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-04

6-4
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
17. During periods of rising costs, FIFO generally results in a higher cost of goods sold.
Answer: False
Feedback: During periods of rising costs, FIFO generally results in a lower cost of goods sold.
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
18. During periods of rising costs, LIFO generally results in a higher cost of goods sold.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
19. During periods of rising costs, LIFO generally results in a higher ending inventory balance.
Answer: False
Feedback: During periods of rising costs, LIFO generally results in a lower ending inventory
balance.
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
20. Accountants often call FIFO the balance sheet approach because the amount it reports for
ending inventory better approximates the current cost of inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking

6-5
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
21. One of the primary benefits of using FIFO when inventory costs are rising is that it results in
greater tax savings.
Answer: False
Feedback: When inventory costs are rising, LIFO provides greater tax savings.
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Effects of Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions

[Question]
22. The LIFO conformity rule requires a company that uses LIFO for tax reporting to use FIFO
for financial reporting.
Answer: False
Feedback: The LIFO conformity rule requires a company that uses LIFO for tax reporting to also
use it for financial reporting.
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Topic: LIFO Conformity Rule

[Question]
23. The LIFO difference (reserve) is the additional amount of inventory a company would report
if it used FIFO instead of LIFO.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-04
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: LIFO Conformity Rule

[Question]
24. Using a perpetual inventory system, the purchase of inventory is recorded with a debit to the
Purchases account, which is a temporary account closed to cost of goods sold at the end of the
period.
Answer: False
Feedback: The debit is to the Inventory account.

6-6
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Learning Objective: 06-05


Learning Objective: 06-08
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Perpetual Inventory System
Topic: Periodic Inventory System

[Question]
25. For inventory that is shipped FOB destination, title transfers from the seller to the buyer once
the seller ships the inventory.
Answer: False
Feedback: For FOB destination, title transfers once the inventory reaches the buyer (destination).
Learning Objective: 06-05
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Shipping Terms

[Question]
26. For inventory that is shipped FOB shipping point, title transfers from the seller to the buyer
once the seller ships the inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-05
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Shipping Terms

[Question]
27. Freight-in is included in the cost of inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-05
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Freight Charges

[Question]
28. At the time inventory is sold, cost of goods sold is recorded under the perpetual inventory
system.
Answer: True

6-7
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Learning Objective: 06-05


Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Perpetual Inventory System

[Question]
29. When the value of inventory falls below its cost, companies have the option of recording the
inventory at cost or the lower market value.
Answer: False
Feedback: Companies must report inventory at the lower-of-cost-or-market value.
Learning Objective: 06-06
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Method

[Question]
30. When the market value of inventory falls below its cost, no adjustment to the accounting
records is needed.
Answer: False
Feedback: Companies are required to record an adjustment when market value falls below cost.
The adjustment has the effect of reducing assets and increasing expenses.
Learning Objective: 06-06
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Method

[Question]
31. The adjustment to write down inventory from cost to its lower market value includes a debit
to Cost of Goods Sold and a credit to Inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-06
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Method

[Question]
32. The use of the lower-of-cost-or-market method to report inventory is an example of
conservatism in financial reporting.

6-8
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-06
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Method

[Question]
33. The inventory turnover ratio equals cost of goods sold divided by average inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-07
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Decision Making
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Inventory Turnover Ratio

[Question]
34. Generally, a higher inventory turnover ratio reflects positively on a company’s ability to
manage its inventory.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-07
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Decision Making
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Inventory Turnover Ratio

[Question]
35. A company that has average inventory of $500 and cost of goods sold of $2,000 would have
an inventory turnover ratio of 0.25.
Answer: False
Feedback: The inventory turnover ratio equals cost of goods sold ($2,000) divided by average
inventory ($500), which equals 4.0 in this example.
Learning Objective: 06-07
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Decision Making
Blooms: Analyze
Topic: Inventory Turnover Ratio

[Question]
36. The gross profit ratio measures the amount by which the sale price of inventory exceeds its
cost per dollar of sales.
Answer: True

6-9
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

Learning Objective: 06-07


Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Decision Making
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Gross Profit Ratio

[Question]
37. Generally, a lower gross profit ratio reflects positively on a company’s ability to manage its
inventory.
Answer: False
Feedback: A higher ratio is generally a stronger signal about the company’s successful
management of inventory.
Learning Objective: 06-07
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Decision Making
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Gross Profit Ratio

[Question]
38. Using LIFO, the amount reported for ending inventory does not differ depending on whether
a company uses a periodic system or a perpetual system.
Answer: False
Feedback: The amount reported for ending inventory (or cost of goods sold) will differ.
Learning Objective: 06-05
Learning Objective: 06-08
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Perpetual Inventory System
Topic: Periodic Inventory System

[Question]
39. A periodic inventory system does not continually modify inventory amounts, but instead
adjusts for purchases and sales of inventory at the end of the reporting period based on a physical
count of inventory on hand.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-08
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Periodic Inventory System

6-10
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
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Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
40. Overstating ending inventory in the current year causes net income in the current year to be
overstated.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: 06-09
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Evaluate
Topic: Inventory Errors

[Question]
41. Understating ending inventory in the current year causes cost of goods sold in the current
year to be understated.
Answer: False
Feedback: Understating ending inventory in the current year will cause cost of goods sold in the
current year to be overstated.
Learning Objective: 06-09
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Evaluate
Topic: Inventory Errors

Multiple Choice

[Question]
42. Inventory does not include:
a. Materials used in the production of goods to be sold.
b. Assets intended to be sold in the normal course of business.
c. Equipment used in the manufacturing of assets for sale.
d. Assets currently in production for normal sales.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 06-01
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Understanding Inventory

[Question]
43. The largest expense on a retailer's income statement is typically:
a. Salaries.
b. Cost of goods sold.

6-11
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

c. Income tax expense.


d. Depreciation expense.
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 06-01
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Understanding Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
44. The cost of the goods that a company sold during a period is shown in its financial statements
as ___________ and the cost of the goods that a company still has on hand at the end of the year
is shown in the financial statements as ____________.
a. Cost of goods sold; inventory.
b. Goods on hand; inventory expense.
c. Inventory; cost of goods sold.
d. Sales revenue; cost of goods sold.
Answer: a
Learning Objective: 06-01
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Reporting Inventory
Topic: Reporting Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
45. Cost of Goods Sold is:
a. An asset account.
b. A revenue account.
c. An expense account.
d. A permanent equity account.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Understanding Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
46. Cost of goods sold equals:
a. Beginning inventory − net purchases + ending inventory.
b. Beginning inventory + accounts payable − net purchases.

6-12
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

c. Net purchases + ending inventory − beginning inventory.


d. Beginning inventory + net purchases − ending inventory.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Cost of Goods Sold Calculation

[Question]
47. Baker Fine Foods has beginning inventory for the year of $12,000. During the year, Baker
purchases inventory for $150,000 and ends the year with $20,000 of inventory. Baker will report
cost of goods sold equal to:
a. $150,000.
b. $158,000.
c. $142,000.
d. $170,000.
Answer: c
Feedback: Cost of goods sold = beginning inventory ($12,000) + purchases ($150,000) − ending
inventory ($20,000) = $142,000.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Apply
Topic: Cost of Goods Sold Calculation

[Question]
48. Tyler Toys has beginning inventory for the year of $18,000. During the year, Tyler purchases
inventory for $230,000 and has cost of goods sold equal to $233,000. Tyler’s ending inventory
equals:
a. $15,000.
b. $18,000.
c. $21,000.
d. $19,000.
Answer: a
Feedback: Ending inventory = beginning inventory ($18,000) + purchases ($230,000) − cost of
goods sold ($233,000) = $15,000.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Measurement
Blooms: Apply
Topic: Cost of Goods Sold Calculation

6-13
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

[Question]
49. The distinction between operating and nonoperating income relates to:
a. Continuity of income.
b. Principal activities of the reporting entity.
c. Consistency of income stream.
d. Reliability of measurements.
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Medium
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
AICPA: BB Critical Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
50. Given the information below, what is the gross profit?
Sales revenue $320,000
Accounts receivable 50,000
Ending inventory 100,000
Cost of goods sold 250,000
Sales Returns 20,000
a. $250,000.
b. $70,000.
c. $220,000.
d. $50,000.
Answer: d
Feedback: Sales revenue ($320,000) – Sales returns ($20,000) – Cost of goods sold ($250,000) =
$50,000.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Analyze
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
51. Consider the following year-end information for Spitzer Corporation:
Cost of goods sold $420,000
Sales revenue 800,000
Nonoperating expenses 10,000
Operating expenses 170,000
Income tax expense 80,000
What amount will Spitzer report for operating income?
a. $200,000.
b. $210,000.
c. $380,000.

6-14
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
Chapter 06 - Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold

d. $120,000.
Answer: b
Feedback: Operating income = $800,000 − $420,000 − $170,000 = $210,000.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Analyze
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
52. Given the information in the table below, what is the company’s gross profit?
Sales revenue $350,000
Accounts receivable $280,000
Ending inventory $230,000
Cost of goods sold $180,000
Sales returns $50,000
Sales discount $20,000

a. $280,000.
b. $170,000.
c. $50,000.
d. $100,000.
Answer: d
Feedback: Net sales = $350,000 − $50,000 − $20,000 = $280,000. Gross profit = $280,000 −
$180,000 = $100,000.
Learning Objective: 06-02
Difficulty: Hard
AACSB: Analytic
AICPA: FN Reporting
Blooms: Analyze
Topic: Multiple-Step Income Statement

[Question]
53. LeGrand Corporation reported the following amounts in its income statement:

Sales revenue $440,000


Advertising expense 60,000
Interest expense 10,000
Salaries expense 55,000
Utilities expense 25,000
Income tax expense 45,000
Cost of goods sold 180,000

What was LeGrand’s gross profit?


a. $260,000.

6-15
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-
Hill Education.
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meet.

Infa̤ doihan lûvētas—Place, or temple of sacrifice.

Info oovistû—Until we meet again, farewell.

Ilsoimen—Morning.

Ilofen mûena̤ —Amusement garden.

Istoira̤ lēma̤ h—Temple of urned ashes, of the dead, for private


uses.
K.
Kenēto Souvana̤ llo—Gigantic flesh eaters.

Kenēto alista̤ —Mountain range, 200 miles long, 6,000 feet above
sea level.

Kenēto—Gigantic, enormous, very large.

Kûltymo Tylû—Elevated city.

Kynos—Vine.

Kyn nûynao—An anthropoid of a peculiar species.

Kyn—A tree resembling an oak tree.


Kymos—Majesty, or majestic.

Kēmina̤ —Central.
L.
Loita̤ —Harplike musical instrument.

Lenivo—Upper garment for men. A sort of tunic.

Luitzen—History. Record.

Loûva̤ h—God of Agriculture.

Lota̤ —Tree of any species.

Lûmēnas—Botanical garden.

Loisa̤ —Water, lake, pool, etc.

Loisa̤ yanû—Water gem, or jewel.

Loisa̤ micana̤ —Vining water lily.

Loisa̤ -Gentolissima̤ —Water Queen.

Loisa̤ Gentolana̤ —Water Princess.

Litzen—Sweet.

Loisa̤ a lûtyenos—Lake of rushes.

Loisa̤ infûen—Water drinker.

Loisavāon—Waterway.

Lafon Thēodossa̤ —A noted Ento painter.


Loha̤ û vrāimēon—Hail, dearly beloved.
M.
Moûentos hoa̤ falados—Valley of desolation.

Micana̤ —Lily, corresponding with Earth's lily family.

Mista̤ —Snow.

Metsû—Light weight, non-corrosive, non-conducting metal.


O.
Onos—Personal pronoun, we.

Oira̤ h—Thanks. Praise. The word is used in several similar senses,


and is pronounced, Wa̤ hra̤ h. It bears the same meaning as Amen, or
be it so.

Oina mista̤ —Snow flower.

Oonamosa̤ tûla̤ —Burr berry.

Oifen tsû—Endless time.

Oonda̤ lotas—Tree, and fruit, similar to our orange.

Omanos Fûnha̤ —Present Supreme Ruler of Ento.

Osy Hûn—Supreme Ruler.

Oonamosa̤ —Burr.

Oonda̤ —Divine. Godlike.


Ozynas Dûlsa̤ —Present Most High Priest of the Most Sacred Temple
Zim.
P.
Pētûsa̤ —Pearl.

Pfettos—Shoe. Pfetta shoes.

Plimos—Plant.

Phra̤ —God, or messenger of death.


Q.
Qua̤ na̤ —Eclipse. When Andûmana̤ frowns.

Quend—A region in the North Temperate Zone.


R.
Ryzo elipsa̤ a̤ —Century.

Rinvoh—Aquarium.

Rimoh—An animal resembling an antelope.

Rodel—The national flower of Ento. Resembles our lotus.

Ruvacca̤ —Trumpet.

Rēa̤ —Life essence, or principle.

Rûha̤ —Governor.

Roûva̤ nû Odalissa̤ —Homes for the favored ones.

Roûva̤ —Favored.
Ra̤ û—Same meaning as oira̤ h. (Pronounced Ra̤ hoo.)

Ruvacca plimos—Trumpet flower, or plant.

Ritza—Town.
S.
Syffondû—Museum.

Sammana̤ h—Collegiate school.

Soitzen—Tramway. A gives the plural, as soitzena.

Somû Ikaton—Blessing giver.

Soiva̤ —Park. Soiva̤ a̤ , parks.

Sēlona̤ Valloa̤ —Wife of Omanos Fûnha̤ , and mother of Sēlona̤ Valloa̤


Fûnha̤ .

Sauva̤ —A non-corrosive metal.

Sylvian—Sister of Sēlona Valloa̤ , wife of Omanos Fûnha̤ .


T.
Tsûfālen—Teachers of divine mysteries.

Tûla—Berry.

Tsûvon—Bird.

Thon eyama̤ Yanos—Infinite, intelligent energy.

Tylû—City. Tylûsa̤ a̤ , cities.

Testo—Death, the killer.


U.
Ufan—Personal pronoun, you.
V.
Varû testo—Death fire.

Varû—Fire.

Vybo—Gold. Also it signifies glittering, shining, brilliant, and


sparkling.

Vossa̤ —Leaf. Climber. Vossala̤ a̤ , climbers. The use of the word


determines its significance.

Vocha̤ —An animal resembling a cow, but much larger.

Voûhoida̤ —Resembles a pipe organ.


W.
Wana̤ vinostû yarû—Expiatory fire fountain.
Y.
Yanû—Gem, or jewel.

Yento—A place of punishment for disobedient gods and goddesses.

Yoidas hûa̤ —Bow shaped, or bent.

Yoihoda̤ —Priest. S gives the plural.

Yoitan—Tempest. Storm. Tornado.

Yoitana̤ —Severe storm.

Yoitano—Tornado. The suffixes a, or o, determining the degree of


the disturbance.
Yoihodasā—Priestess. Yoihodassa̤ a̤ , priestesses.
Z.
Zenno—God.

Zenna̤ —Goddess.

Zēon—A horselike animal.

Zindo—God of rain and snow.

Zētos—World, applied to Ento.

Zim—The most Sacred Temple of Ento.

Zēnosaa̤ —The deific ones.

NUMBERS.
Fon—1.

Itû—2.

Mēos—3.

Len—4.

Vodû—5.

Mûen—6.

Ofen—7.
Zû—8.

Tēvon—9.

Rûya̤ —10.

Yodis—11.

Fonitû—12.

Rûya̤ —10.

Ita̤ —20.

Mēosa̤ —30.

Lēna̤ —40.

Voda̤ —50.

Mûena̤ —60.

Ofēna̤ —70.

Zûa̤ —80.

Tēvona̤ —90.

Ryzo—100.

COLORS.
White—Vil.

Red—Ilo.

Yellow—Hinifro.

Green—Mostu.

Blue—Grel.

Purple—Apru.

Violet—Luba̤ .

Brown—Ikro.

Black—Gilnas.

Orange—Drufi.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS.
Efon—I.

Onos—We.

Ufan—You.

Nofan—Thou.

Noifan—Thee.

Neffan—Thy.
Tofan—He.

Toifan—She.

Ista—It.

Tsya—They.

Esto. Ye.

Va̤ hûa̤ —Day.

Vahuaa̤ —Days.

Voina—Night.

Voinaa—Nights.

Transcribers
note:
Original spelling
has been
retained
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