LESSON 5

CONCLUSION: ETHICS THROUGH THICK AND THIN, AND ETHICS AND RELIGION

TOPICS
1. Pluralism and Fundamentalism
2. Globalization and Pluralism
3. Challenges of millennials and filinnials
4. Ethics and religion

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson,
you should be able to:
1. identify the moral challenges of globalization
2. compare responses to shared moral dilemmas of baby boomers
and millennials
3. state qualities of the filinnials
4. construct a plan for the coping with the challenges of globalization
5. differentiate ethics from religion
6. appreciate the role of religion in globalized world

TOPIC 1: PLURALISM VS. FUNDAMENTALISM

 Let us define Pluralism it is the holding of two or more beliefs or concepts in a single
society. This is a prevailing idea that is introduced in the modern world to make this a better
place to live in. The Pluralist ideology fell on the following premises:

Pluralism is engagement with diversity. This means that the walls that divide people
due to religious beliefs shall be removed, at present religious diversity is present but devoid of
religious pluralism. That is in certain countries religious ghettoes allow religious minorities to
exist in their fold but is still alienated due to their biases by the adherents of the dominant
religion.

Pluralism is understanding that transcends lines of differences. Many are mistaken that
we have to learn the entire religious doctrine of another only a portion is enough to at least
build a bridge to connect them. Absence of knowledge of another culture led to bias and
alienation.

Pluralism is encounter of commitments, this is simply to empathize to people of

another religion. We should not isolate ourselves from what we know but break boarders.

Pluralism is based on dialogue-talking is the most basic way of communicating, silence

will bring us nowhere.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLURALISM AND FUNDAMENTALISM:

What is pluralism/ethical pluralism first?

- an idea that there are many theories about what is right or wrong which
may be incompatible and/or incommensurable with your own personal moral norms.

What is fundamentalism/ ethical fundamentalism?

- it is when an individual looks for outside sources to make the decision of what is ethical and
unethical. The person is looking to be told what is right and wrong and what he or she should do.

There difference is where their decisions that are being conducted from, like on ethical
pluralism, the ideas were being bonded with our own decision of what is right or wrong because
some of it are not compatible with our personal solutions on a certain dilemma while
fundamentalism, the decision depends on other sources like the person who tells what he/she should
decide with to have an intended solution that is ethical or unethical.

GLOBALIZATION

“Globalization is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into
a more connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the
economic and social changes that have come about as a result”
 Globalization revolve on the ideas how to improve or to be more developed country while
pluralism their holding a theory that there are more than one or more than two kinds of
ultimate reality. Globalization affect pluralism because the world is changing faster than it ever
has.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLURALISM AND GLOBALIZATION:

What is pluralism/ethical pluralism?

- an idea that there are many theories about what is right or wrong which
may be incompatible and/or incommensurable with your own personal moral norms.

What is globalization?

term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more
connected and interdependent place. Also captures in its scope the economic and SOCIAL
CHANGES that have come about as a result.

On globalization, the dilemmas related to a certain economy were enhanced and

handled by the majority of the common good for a better purpose that matters on how it will
improve and to make it stable while on pluralism, problems were answered by fulfilling an
specific leader’s concern about how dilemmas are intended to accomplish through his/her
decision even though it is very complicated to choose what is good or better to come up with
an idea whether it is ethical or unethical.

GLOBALIZATION AND PLURALISM

The world is changing faster than it ever has. Globalization constantly has an effect on
religion and almost every facet of life. While there are certainly positives to the type of access
to information and current events globalization affords, with it also come many questions for
religious people, especially proponents of interfaith activity and peaceful pluralism. When
current events break on the news, within the hour there are hundreds of reaction pieces
posted, already making the rounds on social media. While globalization has drastically
changed technology and access to information, another type of globalization is happening
right in front of us. The people around us are increasingly diverse and complex. With both
strands of globalization occurring rapidly, advocating for pluralism and interfaith activity will
necessarily look different in the coming year. In this post I want to lay out two main ways
pluralists can respond to growing diversity, while being open to and aware of the rapidity at
which the scene for interfaith work is changing.
Pluralism is not an idea set in itself, but is rather a way of posturing yourself in the world.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FUNDAMENTALISMS TO PLURALISM

Pluralism the holding of two or more offices or positions (such as benefices)at the same
time or a state of being plural while fundamentalism is a form of a religion, especially Islam or
Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture.

Globalization is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and
governments worldwide. As a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, globalization is
considered by some as a form of capitalist expansion which entails the integration of local and
national economies into a global, unregulated market economy. Globalization has grown due
to advances in transportation and communication technology. With the increased global
interactions comes the growth of international trade, ideas, and culture. Globalization is
primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that's associated with social and
cultural aspects.

Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings, and values around
the world in such a way as to extend and intensify social relations. This process is marked by
the common consumption of cultures that have been diffused by the Internet, popular culture
media, and international travel.

Economic Globalization is the increasing economic interdependence of national

economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods,
services, technology, and capital.

Political globalization refers to the growth of the worldwide political system, both in
size and complexity. That system includes national governments, their governmental and
intergovernmental organizations as well as government-independent elements of global civil
society such as international non-governmental organizations and social movement
organizations. One of the key aspects of the political globalization is the declining importance
of the nation-state and the rise of other actors on the political scene.

Pluralism is a social philosophy that seeks to allow many different viewpoints to

coexist within a larger structure. A pluralist society, system of government or organization
contains many groups that keep their identities while also participating in the larger group.
Pluralism states that having multiple viewpoints and groups strengthens the overall system,
enriching its culture with a wider spectrum of ideas and building a deeper and more
principled consensus in the political system. Pluralism is a fundamental principle of
democracy, in which members of different groups with different viewpoints can voice their
opinions and ideas.

Political pluralism

Political pluralism is a complex idea. Virtually every country has to grapple with a history of
inequality based on race, religion, gender, sexuality or cultural differences. Political pluralism is
meant, not only to establish a system in which every person is valued equally, but to address
lingering effects of an unequal past. Many postcolonial countries, such as the United States,
Canada, India and Brazil, developed pluralist policies after achieving independence. Such
countries often establish constitutions that make all citizens, colonizer and colonized alike,
equal before the law.

Religious Pluralism

Religion at its best is a force for human improvement; at its worst, a source of violent
division. Religious pluralism pursues the former and avoids the latter by acknowledging the
value of multiple traditions and faiths.

Social Pluralism
 Virtually every society is pluralist to one degree or another. Differences in age and gender
are unavoidable and differences of worldview, faith and political affiliation abound. Examples
of social pluralism are examples of situations in which those differences are celebrated rather
than oppressed.

The Power of Plural

As the world grows more interconnected and new ideas and movements arise, the
concept of pluralism takes on new significance. The willingness to allow for multiple value
systems and the ability to acknowledge the successes and flaws of each are both key skills for
living in a global society. As the world grows more interconnected and new ideas and
movements arise, the concept of pluralism takes on new significance. The willingness to allow
for multiple value systems and the ability to acknowledge the successes and flaws
of each are both key skills for living in a global society.

WHO ARE THE MILLENNIALS AND FILINNIALS?


Millennials are sometimes referred to as “echo boomers” due to a major surge in
birth rates in the 1980’s and 1990’s and because millenials are often the children of
the baby boomers. This generation is generally marked by the usage of digital
technology and social media.



Filinnials(short for Filipino millennials) are usually spendthrifts due to their 
propensity to spend money for luxury goods which left their bank accounts

TOPIC 2: THE CHALLENGES OF MILLENIALS AND FILINNIALS

WHAT ARE THEIR CHALLENGES? 

 Racism
 Student debt/Debt
 Economy
 Climate Change
 Social Media/Technology Addiction
 Older Generations
  Unemployment/Jobs
 Environment
  Drugs

CHALLENGES OF MILLENNIALS AND FILINNIALS

Millennials - also known as ‘Generation Y’ or the Net Generation’

- 1970s to early 1980s as starting birthyears and mild 1990s to early 2000s as ending
birth years.

Filinnials - term to use to denote the Filipino Millennials

-They are called as “selfie generation”, being generally characterized as social media
dependent. They are massive multi-taskers, and are constantly connected to their handheld
devices.

Filinnial’s Generation

-Increased used and familiarity with communications, media and digital

technologies.

Challenges of Millennials and Filinnials

1. Racism
2. Student debt/Debt-Millennials today deal with financial Problems. They need to
loan to pay their tuition and others.
3. Millennials have to save longer to buy a house
4. Millennials are struggling to build wealth
5. Millennials are caring for aging parents and spending more money doing so
6. Millennials rely on their parents for financial assistance
7. Millennials need to save money for retirement
8. Poverty

TOPIC 3: THE RELIGIOUS RESPONSE

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ETHICS AND RELIGION:


Ethics are universal decision-making tools that may be used by a person on any
religious persuasion, including atheists. While religion makes claims about cosmology,
social behavior, and the “proper” treatment of others, etc. Ethics are  based on logic
and reason rather than tradition or injunction.

SIMILARITY BETWEEN ETHICS AND RELIGION:


 They are often treated the same, with various religions making claims about their
belief systems being the best way for people to live, actively proselytizing and trying to
convert unbelievers, trying to legislate public behavior based around  isolated
religious passages, etc.

WHAT IS THE RESPONSE OF RELIGION TO ETHICS?


Ethics involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and
wrong behaviour. A central aspect of ethics is “the good life”, the life worth living or life
that is simply satisfying, which is held by many philosophers to be more  important
than traditional moral conduct.

Most religions have an ethical component, often derived from purported supernatural
revelation or guidance. Some assert that religion is necessary to live  ethically.