Circles

Notes: Arcs and Central Angles

Circles have 3 types of arcs and their lengths are measured in degrees.
Minor Arcs Major Arcs Semi-Circle
Less than 180° Between 180° and 360° 180°
Name with 2 letter Name with 3 letters Name with 3 letters

C
A B
O
E F H

G
D

AB CED, EDC, CDE, ECD, DCE, DEC FGH

Central Angles

• Angles with their vertex located at the center of the circle.

• Central angles have the same measure as the arcs they intercept.
Find the value of the missing variables.
y
1. 2. 3.

y
x
x
110°

60°

4. 5. 6.

x
x
250° 150°
x 290°

30°

1
Theorems involving chords of a circle:

1. If a line through the center of a circle is perpendicular to a chord, then 3 facts are true:

1.____________________________________________________

2.___________________________________________________

3.___________________________________________________

Examples: Draw a picture, then solve.

1. Suppose a chord of a circle is 24 cm long and is 9 cm from the center of the circle. Find the length of the radius.

2. The radius of a circle is 15 cm. Find the length of a chord 12 cm from the center of the circle.

3. The diameter of a circle is 10 in long and the length of a chord is 6 in. Find the distance from the chord to the center of the circle.

4. Find the length of a chord of a circle of radius 13cm if its distance from the center of the circle is 5 cm.

5. Find the length of the radius of a circle if a 14 inch chord is 24 inches from the center of the circle.

6. How far from the center of a circle of radius 10 mm is a chord of length 16 mm?

7. A chord of a circle is 10 in long and 12 in from the center of the circle. Find the length of the diameter of the circle.

2
Arcs and Chords Worksheet

In the diagrams that follow, O is the center of the circle.

Y
1. 2. 3.

5
O•
X 3 O R
• •
O 13
P T
M Q
S

XY = ____________ PQ = 24, OM = ____________ OT = 9; RS = 18

OR = __________

C A B
4. 5. 6. C
120
A B
B
1 • • D
O• D

m ACB = 110 m BC = ______________ m CD = _________

m  1 = _______

Find the value of x.

5. 6. 7.
70

x
125 x
  
x

315 3
4
5
 Circles
Types of Angles in Circles
1
INSCRIBED ’S: An angle whose vertex lies on the circle. m(inscribed ) = (intercepted arc)
2

Ex’s:

1) 2) 1 3)
2 x
x
50
x = ____

140 60

x = ____ m1 = ___ m 2 = ____

B
4) 5) 6)
60 x
A
• •O •
x = _____
100

x C

x = _____
Label each inscribed  m ABC = ______
mAC = ______

7) 8) 9)

y
• x x
y
110
50 x y
85
80

210
10) 11)
40

150
x
x y

80
More on types of Angles(inside and outside)

INSIDE ANGLES: (NOT INSCRIBED, NOT CENTRAL!) An angle inside the circle formed by 2 intersecting
chords.

arc + arc
m(Inside ) =
2

Ex.
80

m 1 = ____ m 2 = ____
1 2
3
4
m 3 = _____ m4 = ____

140

Ex. 2

80
100

x

X = ________

Ex. 3
x
y 140
125

Ex. 4




7
OUTSIDE ANGLES: Angles formed by segments outside of a circle

outer arc − inner arc

M (outside angle) =
2

CASE 1 : 2 SECANT SEGMENTS CASE 2: 2 TANGENTS CASE 3: 1 SECANT/ 1 TANGENT

x
20 70
70 x
• 40
•
95

x
X = ______ x = _____ x = _____

Find the numbered angle measures or “x”.

1) 2) 3)
120
140
30 135 3
1
40
40

4) 4 5)
5

80

170

200

6) 7)


x




8

 Circles Worksheet #1

1) 2) 3) 4)

x y 50 x

A ●x B● ●
C ●
D
30 80 x

y
5) 6) 7) 8) 86
110
x y 150
60 62
● 65 x
x x

9) 10) 11) 12)

120 ●
y
x 30 x
x 40 ● 50
●
x 100

x
13) 14) 15) 16)
x 60 ●
65
50
150
x 45 x

x
17) 18) 80 19) 20)
y 50
60
x
● ● ●
2x
y x
20 x
x

21) 22) 23) 24) 30

100
50 100
50
x 30
x
● ● ● 20
y x

9
Review

Solve.
1. Find the length of a chord of a circle of radius 13cm if its distance from the center of the circle is 5 cm.

2. Find the length of the radius of a circle if a 14 inch chord is 24 inches from the center of the circle.

3. How far from the center of a circle of radius 10 mm is a chord of length 16 mm?

4. A chord of a circle is 10 inches long and 12 inches from the center of the circle. Find the length of the
diameter of the circle.

Find the missing angle or arc.

5. 6. b˚
˚ 4 ˚ c˚
a = ________ a = ________
˚ ˚
b˚ a˚
c˚ • b = ________ b = ________
a˚
c = ________ 9 ˚ c = ________

7. 8. b˚ a = ________
a = ________ a˚

8 ˚ b = ________
• b = ________
˚
c = ________
a˚ b˚ c = ________

c˚
c˚

˚ c˚
9. 10.
a = ________
a = ________ b˚
c˚
a˚
˚ b = ________
b = ________ •
˚
b˚
c = ________
a˚ c = ________
˚

8 ˚
10
11) 12) 13) 14)

x y 50 x

A ●x B● ●
C ●
D
30 80 x

y
15) 16) 17) 18) 86
110
x y 150
60 62
● 65 x
x x

43) 44) 45) 46)

140 60
3y
x
80
● ● ● 120
y x x
x 30
80˚

47) 48) 49)

11
12
Area of Circles
Area of a Circle: A=

Ex 1: Find the area of the following circles.

(a) (b) (c)

Ex 2: Given the following areas, find the radius or diameter of each circle.

(a) A = 64π (b) A = 25π

Ex 3: Find the area of the shaded region in each figure.

(a) (b)

Area of Rhombus:
(c) (d) 𝐴=
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 ∗ 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
2

13
 Circles
NOTES ON SECTOR OF A CIRCLE
SECTOR: A region bounded by 2 radii and an arc. (slice of pizza)

𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 ′ 𝑠 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 area of a sector is “part” of the area

2
=
𝜋𝑟 360°
--- or ---

′
𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑠 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∗ 𝜋𝑟 2
360°
Ex’s: Find the area of the shaded region:

1. 2. 3.

60 60
• 12 cm • •
9 cm 6 cm

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 NOTES ON ARC LENGTH OF A CIRCLE

𝐴𝑟𝑐 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒

= arc length is “part” of the circumference!
2𝜋𝑟 360°
--- or ---

𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
𝐴𝑟𝑐 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = ∗ 2𝜋𝑟
360°
1. Find the arc length of the shaded sector 2. Find the arc length of the shaded sector

60
• 12 cm
•
9 cm

15