PSY202 Note 3
PSY202 Note 3
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§ Both?
à Performance Subtests: such as arranging puzzle pieces to match a given pattern
à Is this a good measure of aptitude or capacity of learn? Is this expected from a IQ test? Some
questions related to opportunity to learn (schooling).
- The average IQ is 100. 68% of people score within 15 points (85 -115) above or below the
average score of 100. 95% of people score within 70 to 130.
9. Intellectual Disability: Refer to someone has significant deficits in general mental abilities,
such as reasoning, problem solving, or academic learning. (IQ is 70 or below)
à Can you wear clothes? Can you tie your shoes? Can you cross street? Can you make
changes? Can you use public transportation?
à Found out that many people that have IQ lower than 70 are function very well. They get the
lower grade because they may left out of school, have to work, … à Ridiculous to call them
“disable.” à Disability have to have report about difficult in functioning in daily life.
à They are people with Savant Syndrome: A condition in which a person with generally
limited mental abilities exhibits exceptional skill or brilliance in a specific area.
- People have Intellectual Disability often because of some reasons:
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9.3.1. Roles of Genetics:
- Family, twin and adoption studies
- Logic – if IQ scores of identical (monozygotic) twins are more similar than fraternal
(dizygotic) twins then genetics plays a role in IQ scoring
o Familial Studies
§ Parents and children: .35 - .45 (moderate)
§ Siblings: .41 - .4 (moderate)
§ Identicals (raised together) .86 (strong correlation)
§ Indenticals (raised apart) .72 - .75 (strong correlation)
à Why together and apart are different? Because of Environment
§ Fraternals (raised together) .57 - .62 à Show Environment plays a
role in IQ scoring. Fraternals >< Siblings because they were born together,
raised together and treated the same à higher correlation.
- Adoption Studies
o Adoption studies show children’s IQs more correlated with biological than adoptive
mother
o For low income children, heredity has less meaning in determining IQ scores for
affluent children. à Related to opportunity. They have less opportunity to learning
that influence the score.
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o There is no overall sex difference in intelligence
o Recent research brings into question earlier accepted differences in verbal and math
skills
o Different between males and females is becoming smaller
§ Why? Because changing for opportunity for women. They involve in Math
and science more and more.
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- For groups about which there are stereotypes, when stereotypes are triggered (primed)
performances is influenced.
- Ex1: Stanford students, women with the same SAT and math score. Divide into Two
group, using random assignment.
o 1st group: These are challenges and have fun.
o 2nd group: Looking to see how perform as women.
à 2nd group performs less well. Women vs. math is stereotype, that trigger
stereotype and create anxious.
- Ex2: Same as Ex1 but with African and Hispanic American à 2nd: Look at how you
perform as a particular group à Perform less well à Interfere with performance.
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à Fixed mindset: You do well or you’re not do well.
à Growth mindset: tends to do better than fixer mindset. They also can solve problems
easier at school. They give up lesser.
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