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Worksheet answers-PHY

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22 views3 pages

Worksheet answers-PHY

Uploaded by

Deme Boss
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEMETRIUS ZERIHUN 12B

ANSWERS TO CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS


1. Opposite Deflection Means Opposite Charges: The magnetic force on a charged particle
depends on the sign of its charge. Particles deflecting in opposite directions experience forces
in opposite directions, indicating they have opposite charges.
2. Straight Path Doesn't Guarantee Zero Magnetic Field: Not necessarily. A charged particle
can travel straight through a magnetic field if its velocity is parallel to the field lines. The
magnetic force doesn't act on a moving charge in this scenario.
3. Curved Paths Due to Opposite Charges: The electron (negative) and proton (positive) will
experience opposite magnetic forces and curve in opposite directions within the magnetic field
perpendicular to the page. The electron will deflect downwards, and the proton will deflect
upwards.
4. Deflection vs. Acceleration: An electric field exerts a force that directly accelerates the
particle, causing a change in both direction and speed. A magnetic field, however, exerts a
force perpendicular to the particle's motion, causing it to deflect without changing its speed
(ideally). This distinction can be observed by comparing the particle's trajectory before and
after entering the respective fields.
5. True, Magnetic Force Affects Momentum: The magnetic force doesn't do work on the
particle (since it's perpendicular to motion), so kinetic energy (energy of motion) is conserved.
However, the force does change the direction of the particle's momentum.
6. Closed Loops Due to Current or Moving Charges: Magnetic fields are created by moving
charges or currents. The circulating nature of these currents forces magnetic field lines to form
continuous loops, unlike electric field lines which can start and end on charges.
7. Kinetic Energy Stays Constant: As mentioned earlier, the magnetic force acts perpendicular
to the motion, not affecting the particle's speed and therefore its kinetic energy. The particle
might change direction due to the force, but its overall speed remains the same (ideally in a
constant field).
8. Angles in the Magnetic Force Equation (F = qv x B): a) Fm and B: The angle between the
magnetic force (Fm) and the magnetic field (B) is 90 degrees. They are always perpendicular.
b) Fm and V x B (q negative): The angle between Fm and the velocity vector cross magnetic
field product (V x B) depends on the sign of the charge (q). If q is negative, the angle is 180
DEMETRIUS ZERIHUN 12B

degrees. The force direction flips due to the negative charge. c) Fm and V x B (q positive):
Here, the angle is 0 degrees. The force aligns with the V x B for a positive charge.
9. Factors Affecting the Period in Circular Motion: d) velocity of the particle: The time
period (T) of the circular motion is inversely proportional to the particle's velocity (v) in a
constant magnetic field. T = 2πm / (qvB), where m is the mass, q is the charge, v is the velocity,
and B is the magnetic field strength. So, a higher velocity reduces the period.
10. Torque on a Current-Carrying Wire: a) Parallel to the Magnetic Field (B): In this case,
the current vector (I) is parallel to B, and the cross product (I x B) becomes zero. Therefore,
the torque (τ) on the wire is zero (τ = 0). b) Perpendicular to the Field: When the wire is held
perpendicular to the magnetic field, the current vector (I) is perpendicular to B, maximizing
the cross product (I x B). This results in a maximum torque (τ ≠ 0) on the wire.
𝑚𝑣
11. 𝑟 = 𝑟 ∝ 𝑚𝑣 therefore, 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴 > 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵
𝑄𝐵

12. negative x-axis, positive z-axis, positive y-axis

ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS
1. 2𝑀𝑒𝑉 = 2 × 106 𝑒𝑉, 1𝑒𝑉 = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐽 therefore 2𝑀𝑒𝑣 = 3.2 × 10−19 𝐽 = 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦, 𝐸 =
1 2𝐸
𝑚𝑣 2 → 𝑣 = √ 𝑚 = 3.8 × 108 𝑚/𝑠 then, 𝐹 = 𝑄𝑉𝐵 = 2.5 × 1.6 × 10−19 × 3.8 × 108 = 1.5 ×
2

10−10 𝑁

𝐹 6.5×10−17
2. a) 𝑣 = 𝑄𝐵 sin 𝜃 = 2.6×10−3×1.6×10−19 ×0.4 = 4 × 105 𝑚/𝑠

1 1
b) 𝐾𝐸 = 2 𝑚𝑣 2 = 2 1.67 × 10−27 (4 × 105 )2 = 1.3 × 10−16 𝐽 → 800 𝑒𝑉

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
3. 𝐹 = | 𝑣𝑥 𝑣𝑦 200| = 100𝑖 + 200𝑗 → 20𝑣𝑦 + 3000 = 100 & 20𝑣𝑥 − 600 = 200 ⇒
30 −15 20
𝑣𝑥 = 45 &𝑣𝑦 = −145

𝐸 1.5×103
4. 𝑣 = 𝐵 = = 3750 𝑚/𝑠 same as question number 5.
4×10−1
DEMETRIUS ZERIHUN 12B

2𝐾𝐸 𝑚𝑣 2 9.1×10−31 ×(2×107 )2 𝑚𝑣


6. a) 𝑣=√ = 2 × 107 , 𝐹𝐶 = 𝐹𝑚 = = = 1.5 × 10−15 , 𝑏) 𝐵 = =
𝑚 𝑟 0.25 𝑄𝑟

4.5 × 10−4 𝑇, 𝑐) 𝑓 = 3.1 × 106 𝑑) 𝑇 = 3.2 × 10−7

7. a) 𝑣 = 1.1 × 107 𝑚/𝑠 b) 𝑟 = 3.16 × 10−4 𝑚

8. a) 𝑓 = 9.78 × 105 𝑠 −1 b) 𝑟 = 3.15 × 10−4 𝑚

9. 𝑟𝑝 : 𝑟𝛼 = 1: 2

10. a) The potential difference at the wing tips is zero. b) since potential difference =0 the wings
are neither positive nor negative to each other.

11. It is in the negative Z direction.

𝑚𝑔 10
12. 𝑚𝑔 = 𝐼𝑙𝐵 → 𝐵 = = 0.05 × = 0.25𝑇 in the positive X axis or east.
𝑙 𝐼 2

13. a) 𝜇 = 𝐼𝐴 = 5.4 × 10−3 𝐴𝑚2 b) 𝜏 = 0 Explanation for Zero Torque: When the magnetic
field is perfectly parallel to the plane of the loop (θ = 0°), the magnetic force on each current
element within the loop acts in a direction tangent to the loop's circumference. These tangential
forces cancel each other out, resulting in no net torque acting on the loop to rotate it.

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
14. 𝐹 = | 2 4 0| = (6.4 × 10−19 )𝑘 → 𝐵𝑥 = 3.2 × 10−19 𝑇
𝐵𝑥 𝐵𝑥 0

15. 𝑟 = 1.25 × 102 𝑚 form the center of the wire.

17. 𝐵1 = 𝐵2 = 1 × 10−5 𝑇 → 𝐵𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 2𝐵1 = 2 × 10−5 𝑇 out of the page.

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