DSA Interview Question Level-1
DSA Interview Question Level-1
Basic Concepts
1. What is a data structure, and why are data structures important?
2. How would you explain the difference between an array and a linked list?
3. What are the differences between a stack and a queue?
4. What is the difference between a linear and a non-linear data structure?
5. Explain the difference between static and dynamic data structures.
6. What is Big O notation, and why is it important in data structure analysis?
7. How does memory allocation work in arrays compared to linked lists?
8. What is a recursive data structure? Give examples.
9. Can you explain what a hash function is and how it works?
10. Explain the concept of an algorithm's time complexity.
Arrays
11. How do you reverse an array without using additional space?
12. Describe how binary search works on a sorted array.
13. How would you remove duplicates from a sorted array?
14. Explain how to rotate an array by kkk positions.
15. Given an unsorted array, how would you find the pair of elements that add up to a target sum?
16. How would you find the majority element in an array (an element that appears more than n/2n/2n/2 times)?
17. Describe how you would merge two sorted arrays.
18. How would you find the maximum product of two integers in an array?
Linked Lists
19. What are the differences between singly, doubly, and circular linked lists?
20. How would you detect a cycle in a linked list?
21. Explain how to reverse a linked list.
22. How would you find the middle element of a linked list?
23. How would you remove the nth node from the end of a linked list?
24. Explain how to merge two sorted linked lists.
25. How do you implement a stack using a linked list?
26. How would you detect and remove a loop in a linked list?
27. How do you find the intersection point of two linked lists?
Stacks and Queues
28. What are the main differences between stack and queue operations?
29. How would you implement a queue using two stacks?
30. Explain how to implement a min-stack (a stack that can retrieve the minimum element in constant time).
31. Describe how to implement a circular queue.
32. How would you use a stack to check if a given expression has balanced parentheses?
33. How can you implement a queue using a linked list?
34. Describe how to sort elements in a stack.
Trees
35. What are the differences between a binary tree, a binary search tree (BST), and a balanced BST?
36. How would you perform an in-order, pre-order, and post-order traversal of a binary tree?
37. How would you find the height of a binary tree?
38. Explain how to check if a binary tree is a binary search tree (BST).
39. How do you find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes in a BST?
40. Describe the process of inserting and deleting nodes in a binary search tree.
41. What is a heap, and how is it different from a binary search tree?
42. How would you implement a depth-first search (DFS) and a breadth-first search (BFS) for a tree?
43. How do you find the maximum depth of a binary tree?
44.
Graphs
44. Explain the difference between directed and undirected graphs.
45. How do you represent a graph in memory (adjacency list, adjacency matrix)?
46. Explain depth-first search (DFS) and breadth-first search (BFS) for graphs.
47. How would you detect a cycle in a directed or undirected graph?
48. Describe Dijkstra’s algorithm for finding the shortest path in a weighted graph.
49. What is topological sorting, and in what situations is it useful?
50. How do you find connected components in an undirected graph?